Django学习之 - 基础视图函数

视图：Views

获取用户请求的方法：
1： request.GET
2： request.POST
3： request.FILES
# checkbox 等多选文件
4：request.POST.getlist()
# 上传文件,form标签要做特殊设置
　　obj = request.FILES.get('fafafa')
　　obj.name 上传的文件名
　　obj.chunks() 上传的文件内容
　　f = open(obj.name,mode='wb')
　　for item in obj.chunks():
　　　　f.write(item)
　　f.close()
实例：注册register视图函数

 def register(request):

     if request.method == 'GET':

         return render(request,'register.html')

     elif request.method == 'POST':

         uname = request.POST.get('username',None)

         upwd = request.POST.get('pwd',None)

         print('用户名：',uname,'密码:',upwd)

         ugender = request.POST.get('gender',None)

         print('性别：', ugender)

         ufavor = request.POST.getlist('favor',None)

         print('爱好：',ufavor)

         ucity = request.POST.getlist('city',None)

         print('城市:',ucity)

         obj = request.FILES.get('upfile')

         tmppath = os.path.join('upload',obj.name)

         f = open(tmppath,mode='wb')

         for item in obj.chunks():

             f.write(item)

         return HttpResponse('注册完毕')

     else:

         return redirect('/register')

5：request.method
6：request.path_info
7：request.COOKIES
request.body # 所有提交的数据的原生值
　　- request.POST
　　- request.GET
　　- request.FILES
　　- request.xxx.getlist
request.Meta # 获取提交的数据的请求头信息,如客户端游览器这里可以提取到
　　- request.method(POST,GET,PUT)
　　- request.path_info
　　- request.COOKIES
返回3种：
　　return HttpResponse('字符串或者字节')
　　return render()
　　return redirect()
返回cookie,并且可以自定义添加响应头返回给客户端，客户端游览器可以在响应头查看到返回的值
　　response = HttpResponse('china')
　　response['name'] = jack
　　response.set_cookie()
　　return response

FBV & CBV
FBV ( function base view) ：就是在视图里使用函数处理请求。
/index ==> 函数
CBV ( class base view) ：就是在视图里使用类处理请求
/index ==> 类
实例cbv写法：

 urls写法：

 url(r'^cbv',views.cbv.as_view()),

 视图函数：

 class cbv(View):

     def dispath(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

         # 调用父类中的dispath

         print('before')

         result = super(cbv,self).dispatch(request,*args,**kwargs)

         print('after')

         return result

     def get(self,request):

         print(request.method)

         return render(request,'CBV.html')

     def post(self,request):

         print(request.method,'POST')

         return render(request,'CBV.html')

CBV

建议：俩者都用
CBV / FBV 装饰器
FBV 装饰器：
　　def auth(func):
　　　　def inner(request,*args,**kwargs):
　　　　　　v = request.COOKIES.get('uname')
　　　　　　if not v:
　　　　　　　　return redirect('/ug/login')
　　　　　　return func(*args,**kwargs)
　　　　return inner
CBV 装饰器：
　　from django import views
　　from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
　　class Order(views.View):
　　　　@method_decorator(auth)
　　　　def get(self,request):
　　　　　　v = request.COOKIES.get('uname')
　　　　　　return render(request,'index.html',{'current_user':v})
　　　　def post(self,request):
　　　　　　v = request.COOKIES.get('uname')
　　　　　　return render(request,'index.html',{'current_user':v})

- 获取请求的其他信息
通过pring(type(request))获取模块文件名
from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest
request.environ # 输出请求的所有信息
request.environ['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] # 获取http_user_agent数据
通过以上方法提取环境数据
- 分页（自定义）
XSS:
前台：{{ page_str|safe }}
后台：mark_safe(page_str)
分页实例：

html页面

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title>分页</title>

     <style>

         .page {

             background:#9acfea;

             padding: 5px;

             margin:5px;

         }

         .active{

             background:red;

         }

     </style>

 </head>

 <body>

     <ul>

         {% for i in li %}

         {% include 'li.html' %}

         {% endfor %}

     </ul>

 {#    {{ page_str|safe }}#}

     <div style="float: left;">

         <select id='ps' onchange="changePageSize(this);">

             <option value="10">10</option>

             <option value="50">50</option>

             <option value="100">100</option>

         </select>

     </div>

     <div style="float: left;">

         {{ page_str }}

     </div>

 <script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script>

 <script src="/static/jquery-cookie/jquery.cookie.js"></script>

 <script>

     /*select选项框修改为当前显示数量*/

     $(function () {

         var v = $.cookie('per_page_count',{'path':"/ug/userlist"});

         $('#ps').val(v)

     });

     /*select选项框选择后自动刷新页面*/

     function changePageSize(ths) {

         var v = $(ths).val();

         $.cookie('per_page_count',v,{'path':"/ug/userlist"});

         location.reload();

     }

 </script>

 </body>

 </html>

视图函数

 from utils import pagination

 ulist = []

 for i in range(1009):

     ulist.append(i)

 def userlist(request):

     current_page = request.GET.get('p',1)

     current_page = int(current_page)

     val = request.COOKIES.get('per_page_count',10)

     page_obj = pagination.Page(current_page,len(ulist),int(val))

     data = ulist[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]

     page_str = page_obj.page_str('/ug/userlist/')

     return render(request,'userlist.html',{'li':data,'page_str':page_str})

后台模块：pagination

 #!/bin/env python

 #Author: zhaoyong

 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe

 class Page:

     '''

     实现分页显示功能类

     '''

     def __init__(self,current_page,data_count,per_page_count = 10,pager_num=7):

         '''

         用于分页模块

         :param current_page: 当前页

         :param data_count: 数据总个数

         ;:param per_page_count: 每页显示数据数量

         ;:param pager_num: 每页的页码总数

         '''

         self.current_page = current_page

         self.data_count = data_count

         self.per_page_count = per_page_count

         self.pager_num = pager_num

     @property

     def start(self):

         ''' 列表切片起始索引位置'''

         return (self.current_page - 1) * self.per_page_count

     @property

     def end(self):

         ''' 列表切片结束索引位置'''

         return self.current_page * self.per_page_count

     @property

     def all_count(self):

         '''生成页码的总数'''

         v, y = divmod(self.data_count, self.per_page_count)

         if y:

             v += 1

         return v

     def page_str(self,base_url):

         ''' 实现具体的分页显示'''

         page_list = []

         if self.all_count < self.pager_num:

             start_page = 1

             end_page = self.all_count + 1

         else:

             if self.current_page < (self.pager_num + 1) / 2:

                 start_page = 1

                 end_page = self.pager_num + 1

             else:

                 start_page = self.current_page - (self.pager_num - 1) / 2

                 end_page = self.current_page + (self.pager_num + 1) / 2

                 if self.current_page + (self.pager_num - 1) / 2 > self.all_count:

                     start_page = self.all_count - self.pager_num + 1

                     end_page = self.all_count + 1

         if self.current_page <= 1:

             prv = '<a class="page" href="javascript:void(0);">上一页</a>'

         else:

             prv = '<a class="page" href=%s?p=%s>上一页</a>' % (base_url,self.current_page - 1)

         page_list.append(prv)

         for i in range(int(start_page), int(end_page)):

             if i == self.current_page:

                 temp = '<a class="page active" href=%s?p=%s>%s</a>' % (base_url,i, i)

             else:

                 temp = '<a class="page" href=%s?p=%s>%s</a>' % (base_url,i, i)

             page_list.append(temp)

         if self.current_page == self.all_count:

             next = '<a class="page" href="javascript:void(0);">下一页</a>'

         else:

             next = '<a class="page" href=%s?p=%s>下一页</a>' % (base_url,self.current_page + 1)

         page_list.append(next)

         jump = '''

             <input type='text' /><a onclick="jumpto(this,'%s?p=');">GO</a>

             <script>

                 function jumpto(ths,base){

                     var val = ths.previousSibling.value;

                     if(val.length != 0){

                     location.href = base + val;

                     }

                 }

             </script>

         ''' % (base_url)

         page_list.append(jump)

         page_str = mark_safe(''.join(page_list))

         return page_str

巴特西

Django学习之 - 基础视图函数

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