SpringBoot项目下的JUnit测试

在SpringBoot项目里，要编写单元测试用例，需要依赖4个jar。一个是最基本的JUnit，然后是spring-test和spring-boot-test。

        <!--test-->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>junit</groupId>

            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

            <version>4.12</version>

            <scope>test</scope>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>

            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>

            <scope>test</scope>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>

            <version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>

            <scope>test</scope>

        </dependency>

如果在运行testcase时，遇到如下问题，那么，原因是因为没有引入spring-core包（错误消息里说的很明白了，见其中的springframework/core）

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.springframework.core.type.AnnotationMetadata.introspect(Ljava/lang/Class;)Lorg/springframework/core/type/AnnotationMetadata;

    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition.<init>(AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition.java:58)

    at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.doRegisterBean(AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.java:253)

    at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.registerBean(AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.java:147)

    at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.register(AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader.java:137)

    at org.springframework.boot.BeanDefinitionLoader.load(BeanDefinitionLoader.java:156)

    at org.springframework.boot.BeanDefinitionLoader.load(BeanDefinitionLoader.java:135)

    at org.springframework.boot.BeanDefinitionLoader.load(BeanDefinitionLoader.java:127)

    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.load(SpringApplication.java:687)

    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareContext(SpringApplication.java:385)

    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:311)

    at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:120)

    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)

    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:117)

    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:108)

    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:190)

    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:132)

    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:246)

    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:227)

    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)

    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)

    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)

    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:246)

    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)

    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)

    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)

    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)

    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)

    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)

    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)

    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)

    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)

    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)

    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)

    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)

    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)

    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)

    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)

依赖spring-core包：

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>

            <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

如下是一个testcase示例。其中

@RunWith是JUnit的一个运行器。@RunWith(JUnit4.class)就是指用JUnit4来运行；@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class),让测试运行于Spring测试环境

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;

import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)

@SpringBootTest

public class CarSignatureServiceTest {

    @Reference(url = "dubbo://localhost:20880")

    private CarSignatureService carSignatureService;

    @Test

    public void getSignedCarList(){

        List<ServiceOrderVO> list = carSignatureService.getSignedCarList(new ServiceOrderVO());

        System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(list));

    }

}

巴特西

SpringBoot项目下的JUnit测试

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