普通启动：

SQL> show parameter pfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile                               string      /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

                                                 /dbhome_1/dbs/spfilesingle1.or a

以pfile启动

SQL> startup nomount pfile=/home/oracle/pfile.ora

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  413372416 bytes

Fixed Size                  2253784 bytes

Variable Size             314575912 bytes

Database Buffers           92274688 bytes

Redo Buffers                4268032 bytes

SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL>    show parameter pfile;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile                               string

SQL>

that's the difference.