本系列代码地址：https://github.com/JoJoTec/spring-cloud-parent

我们继续上一节，继续使用 spock 测试我们自己封装的 WebClient

测试针对 readTimeout 重试

针对响应超时，我们需要验证重试仅针对可以重试的方法（包括 GET 方法以及配置的可重试方法），针对不可重试的方法没有重试。我们可以通过 spock 单元测试中，检查对于负载均衡器获取实例方法的调用次数看出来是否有重试

我们通过 httpbin.org 的 '/delay/秒' 实现 readTimeout，分别验证：

• 测试 GET 延迟 2 秒返回，超过读取超时，这时候会重试
• 测试 POST 延迟 3 秒返回，超过读取超时，同时路径在重试路径中，这样也是会重试的
• 测试 POST 延迟 2 秒返回，超过读取超时，同时路径在重试路径中，这样不会重试

代码如下：

@SpringBootTest(

		properties = [

				"webclient.configs.testServiceWithCannotConnect.baseUrl=http://testServiceWithCannotConnect",

				"webclient.configs.testServiceWithCannotConnect.serviceName=testServiceWithCannotConnect",

				"webclient.configs.testService.baseUrl=http://testService",

				"webclient.configs.testService.serviceName=testService",

				"webclient.configs.testService.responseTimeout=1s",

				"webclient.configs.testService.retryablePaths[0]=/delay/3",

				"webclient.configs.testService.retryablePaths[1]=/status/4*",

				"spring.cloud.loadbalancer.zone=zone1",

				"resilience4j.retry.configs.default.maxAttempts=3",

				"resilience4j.circuitbreaker.configs.default.failureRateThreshold=50",

				"resilience4j.circuitbreaker.configs.default.slidingWindowType=TIME_BASED",

				"resilience4j.circuitbreaker.configs.default.slidingWindowSize=5",

				//因为重试是 3 次，为了防止断路器打开影响测试，设置为正好比重试多一次的次数，防止触发

				//同时我们在测试的时候也需要手动清空断路器统计

				"resilience4j.circuitbreaker.configs.default.minimumNumberOfCalls=4",

				"resilience4j.circuitbreaker.configs.default.recordExceptions=java.lang.Exception"

		],

		classes = MockConfig

)

class WebClientUnitTest extends Specification {

	@SpringBootApplication

	static class MockConfig {

	}

	@SpringBean

	private LoadBalancerClientFactory loadBalancerClientFactory = Mock()

	@Autowired

	private CircuitBreakerRegistry circuitBreakerRegistry

	@Autowired

	private Tracer tracer

	@Autowired

	private ServiceInstanceMetrics serviceInstanceMetrics

	@Autowired

	private WebClientNamedContextFactory webClientNamedContextFactory

	//不同的测试方法的类对象不是同一个对象，会重新生成，保证互相没有影响

	def zone1Instance1 = new DefaultServiceInstance(instanceId: "instance1", host: "www.httpbin.org", port: 80, metadata: Map.ofEntries(Map.entry("zone", "zone1")))

	def zone1Instance2 = new DefaultServiceInstance(instanceId: "instance2", host: "www.httpbin.org", port: 8081, metadata: Map.ofEntries(Map.entry("zone", "zone1")))

	def zone1Instance3 = new DefaultServiceInstance(instanceId: "instance3", host: "httpbin.org", port: 80, metadata: Map.ofEntries(Map.entry("zone", "zone1")))

	RoundRobinWithRequestSeparatedPositionLoadBalancer loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance = Spy();

	ServiceInstanceListSupplier serviceInstanceListSupplier = Spy();

	//所有测试的方法执行前会调用的方法

	def setup() {

		//初始化 loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance 负载均衡器

		loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.setTracer(tracer)

		loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.setServiceInstanceMetrics(serviceInstanceMetrics)

		loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.setServiceInstanceListSupplier(serviceInstanceListSupplier)

	}

	def "测试针对 readTimeout 重试"() {

		given: "设置 testService 的实例都是正常实例"

			loadBalancerClientFactory.getInstance("testService") >> loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance

			serviceInstanceListSupplier.get() >> Flux.just(Lists.newArrayList(zone1Instance1, zone1Instance3))

		when: "测试 GET 延迟 2 秒返回，超过读取超时"

			//清除断路器影响

			circuitBreakerRegistry.getAllCircuitBreakers().forEach({ c -> c.reset() })

			try {

				webClientNamedContextFactory.getWebClient("testService")

											.get().uri("/delay/2").retrieve()

											.bodyToMono(String.class).block();

			} catch (WebClientRequestException e) {

				if (e.getCause() in  ReadTimeoutException) {

					//读取超时忽略

				} else {

					throw e;

				}

			}

		then: "每次都会超时所以会重试，根据配置一共有 3 次"

			3 * loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.getInstanceResponseByRoundRobin(*_)

		when: "测试 POST 延迟 3 秒返回，超过读取超时，同时路径在重试路径中"

			//清除断路器影响

			circuitBreakerRegistry.getAllCircuitBreakers().forEach({ c -> c.reset() })

			try {

				webClientNamedContextFactory.getWebClient("testService")

											.post().uri("/delay/3").retrieve()

											.bodyToMono(String.class).block();

			} catch (WebClientRequestException e) {

				if (e.getCause() in  ReadTimeoutException) {

					//读取超时忽略

				} else {

					throw e;

				}

			}

		then: "每次都会超时所以会重试，根据配置一共有 3 次"

			3 * loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.getInstanceResponseByRoundRobin(*_)

		when: "测试 POST 延迟 2 秒返回，超过读取超时，这个不能重试"

			//清除断路器影响

			circuitBreakerRegistry.getAllCircuitBreakers().forEach({ c -> c.reset() })

			try {

				webClientNamedContextFactory.getWebClient("testService")

											.post().uri("/delay/2").retrieve()

											.bodyToMono(String.class).block();

			} catch (WebClientRequestException e) {

				if (e.getCause() in  ReadTimeoutException) {

					//读取超时忽略

				} else {

					throw e;

				}

			}

		then: "没有重试，只有一次调用"

			1 * loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.getInstanceResponseByRoundRobin(*_)

	}

}

测试非 2xx 响应码返回的重试

对于非 2xx 的响应码，代表请求失败，我们需要测试：

• 测试 GET 返回 500，会有重试
• 测试 POST 返回 500，没有重试
• 测试 POST 返回 400，这个请求路径在重试路径中，会有重试

@SpringBootTest(

		properties = [

				"webclient.configs.testServiceWithCannotConnect.baseUrl=http://testServiceWithCannotConnect",

				"webclient.configs.testServiceWithCannotConnect.serviceName=testServiceWithCannotConnect",

				"webclient.configs.testService.baseUrl=http://testService",

				"webclient.configs.testService.serviceName=testService",

				"webclient.configs.testService.responseTimeout=1s",

				"webclient.configs.testService.retryablePaths[0]=/delay/3",

				"webclient.configs.testService.retryablePaths[1]=/status/4*",

				"spring.cloud.loadbalancer.zone=zone1",

				"resilience4j.retry.configs.default.maxAttempts=3",

				"resilience4j.circuitbreaker.configs.default.failureRateThreshold=50",

				"resilience4j.circuitbreaker.configs.default.slidingWindowType=TIME_BASED",

				"resilience4j.circuitbreaker.configs.default.slidingWindowSize=5",

				//因为重试是 3 次，为了防止断路器打开影响测试，设置为正好比重试多一次的次数，防止触发

				//同时我们在测试的时候也需要手动清空断路器统计

				"resilience4j.circuitbreaker.configs.default.minimumNumberOfCalls=4",

				"resilience4j.circuitbreaker.configs.default.recordExceptions=java.lang.Exception"

		],

		classes = MockConfig

)

class WebClientUnitTest extends Specification {

	@SpringBootApplication

	static class MockConfig {

	}

	@SpringBean

	private LoadBalancerClientFactory loadBalancerClientFactory = Mock()

	@Autowired

	private CircuitBreakerRegistry circuitBreakerRegistry

	@Autowired

	private Tracer tracer

	@Autowired

	private ServiceInstanceMetrics serviceInstanceMetrics

	@Autowired

	private WebClientNamedContextFactory webClientNamedContextFactory

	//不同的测试方法的类对象不是同一个对象，会重新生成，保证互相没有影响

	def zone1Instance1 = new DefaultServiceInstance(instanceId: "instance1", host: "www.httpbin.org", port: 80, metadata: Map.ofEntries(Map.entry("zone", "zone1")))

	def zone1Instance2 = new DefaultServiceInstance(instanceId: "instance2", host: "www.httpbin.org", port: 8081, metadata: Map.ofEntries(Map.entry("zone", "zone1")))

	def zone1Instance3 = new DefaultServiceInstance(instanceId: "instance3", host: "httpbin.org", port: 80, metadata: Map.ofEntries(Map.entry("zone", "zone1")))

	RoundRobinWithRequestSeparatedPositionLoadBalancer loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance = Spy();

	ServiceInstanceListSupplier serviceInstanceListSupplier = Spy();

	//所有测试的方法执行前会调用的方法

	def setup() {

		//初始化 loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance 负载均衡器

		loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.setTracer(tracer)

		loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.setServiceInstanceMetrics(serviceInstanceMetrics)

		loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.setServiceInstanceListSupplier(serviceInstanceListSupplier)

	}

	def "测试非 200 响应码返回" () {

		given: "设置 testService 的实例都是正常实例"

			loadBalancerClientFactory.getInstance("testService") >> loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance

			serviceInstanceListSupplier.get() >> Flux.just(Lists.newArrayList(zone1Instance1, zone1Instance3))

		when: "测试 GET 返回 500"

			//清除断路器影响

			circuitBreakerRegistry.getAllCircuitBreakers().forEach({ c -> c.reset() })

			try {

				webClientNamedContextFactory.getWebClient("testService")

											.get().uri("/status/500").retrieve()

											.bodyToMono(String.class).block();

			} catch (WebClientResponseException e) {

				if (e.getStatusCode().is5xxServerError()) {

					//5xx忽略

				} else {

					throw e;

				}

			}

		then: "每次都没有返回 2xx 所以会重试，根据配置一共有 3 次"

			3 * loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.getInstanceResponseByRoundRobin(*_)

		when: "测试 POST 返回 500"

			//清除断路器影响

			circuitBreakerRegistry.getAllCircuitBreakers().forEach({ c -> c.reset() })

			try {

				webClientNamedContextFactory.getWebClient("testService")

											.post().uri("/status/500").retrieve()

											.bodyToMono(String.class).block();

			} catch (WebClientResponseException e) {

				if (e.getStatusCode().is5xxServerError()) {

					//5xx忽略

				} else {

					throw e;

				}

			}

		then: "POST 默认不重试，所以只会调用一次"

			1 * loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.getInstanceResponseByRoundRobin(*_)

		when: "测试 POST 返回 400，这个请求路径在重试路径中"

			//清除断路器影响

			circuitBreakerRegistry.getAllCircuitBreakers().forEach({ c -> c.reset() })

			try {

				webClientNamedContextFactory.getWebClient("testService")

											.post().uri("/status/400").retrieve()

											.bodyToMono(String.class).block();

			} catch (WebClientResponseException e) {

				if (e.getStatusCode().is4xxClientError()) {

					//4xx忽略

				} else {

					throw e;

				}

			}

		then: "路径在重试路径中，所以会重试"

			3 * loadBalancerClientFactoryInstance.getInstanceResponseByRoundRobin(*_)

	}

}

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