Unity C#数据持久化与xml

最近工作需要用到数据持久化，所以在此分享一下，通过查阅资料，数据持久化大体都是通过xml或者json来进行的。unity为我们自定义了数据持久化方法，但是比较局限，还需要自己来完成数据持久化方法。

（一）unity方法

unity提供了三个方法来实现数据持久化，不过只能对int float string类型进行数据持久化，命令如下

        //设定Key=float的值为12f

        PlayerPrefs.SetFloat("float", 12f);

        //通过key值“float”获取数值12，如果“float”未设定值，则默认为1f

        PlayerPrefs.GetFloat("float", 1f);

        //相关定义与setfloat相同

        PlayerPrefs.SetInt("int", );

        PlayerPrefs.GetInt("int", );

        PlayerPrefs.SetString("str", "abc");

        PlayerPrefs.GetString("str", "default");

unity提供的方法比较局限，复杂数据还需要自己进行数据可持续化

（二）C#与xml

通过C#编写读取修改xml

1）编写xml

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using System.Xml;

using System.IO;

namespace MenuData

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            string filePath = "";

            string fileName = "MenuData.xml";

            string targetFile = Path.Combine(filePath, fileName);

            string[] mainMenu = new string[]{

                 "文件","配置","显示","诊断","投入运行","关机","帮助"};

            string[] parentMenu = new string[]

            {

                 "投入运行助手","测量","调整","软件更新","售后服务","机器人数据","网络配置","辅助软件"

            };

            string[] childMenu = new string[]

{

                 "工具","基坐标","固定工具","附加负载数据","外部运动装置","测量点","允差"

};

            string[] toolMenu = new string[]

            {

                 "XYZ_4点法","XTZ_参照法","ABC_2点法","ABC_世界坐标系","数字输入","更改名称","工具负荷数据"

            };

            string[] baseMenu = new string[]

{

                 "_3点法","间接","数字输入","更改名称"

};

            XmlDocument xmldoc = new XmlDocument();

            //加入XML的声明段落,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>

            XmlDeclaration xmldecl;

            xmldecl = xmldoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "gb2312", null);

            xmldoc.AppendChild(xmldecl);

            XmlElement menu = xmldoc.CreateElement("", "Menu", "");

            xmldoc.AppendChild(menu);

            //XmlNode root = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("Menu");//查找<menu>

            for (int i = ; i < mainMenu.Length; i++)

            {

                XmlElement rootElem = xmldoc.CreateElement(mainMenu[i]);//创建一个<mainMenu[i]>节点

                rootElem.SetAttribute("Layer", "");//设置该节点ID属性

                if (i == )

                {

                    for (int j = ; j < parentMenu.Length; j++)

                    {

                        XmlElement parentElem = xmldoc.CreateElement(parentMenu[j]);//创建一个<parentElem[i]>节点

                        parentElem.SetAttribute("Layer", "");//设置该节点ID属性

                        if (j == )

                        {

                            for (int m = ; m < childMenu.Length; m++)

                            {

                                XmlElement childElem = xmldoc.CreateElement(childMenu[m]);//创建一个<childMenu[i]>节点

                                childElem.SetAttribute("Layer", "");

                                if (m == )

                                {

                                    for (int ii = ; ii < toolMenu.Length; ii++)

                                    {

                                        XmlElement elem = xmldoc.CreateElement(toolMenu[ii]);//创建一个<childMenu[i]>节点

                                        elem.SetAttribute("Layer", "");

                                        //  elem.InnerText = toolMenu[ii];

                                        childElem.AppendChild(elem);

                                    }

                                }

                                if (m == )

                                {

                                    for (int ii = ; ii < baseMenu.Length; ii++)

                                    {

                                        XmlElement elem = xmldoc.CreateElement(baseMenu[ii]);//创建一个<childMenu[i]>节点

                                        elem.SetAttribute("Layer", "");                                                                   //   elem.SetAttribute("type", "noChild");

                                        //elem.InnerText = baseMenu[ii];

                                        childElem.AppendChild(elem);

                                    }

                                }

                                parentElem.AppendChild(childElem);

                            }

                        }

                        rootElem.AppendChild(parentElem);

                    }

                }

                menu.AppendChild(rootElem);

            }

            xmldoc.Save(targetFile);

            Console.ReadKey();

        }

    }

}

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using System.Xml;

namespace XmlRW

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            XmlDocument  xmldoc = new XmlDocument();

            //加入XML的声明段落,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>

            XmlDeclaration xmldecl;

            xmldecl = xmldoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "gb2312", null);

            xmldoc.AppendChild(xmldecl);

            //加入一个根元素

            XmlElement xmlelem = xmldoc.CreateElement("", "ToolAndFrame", "");

            xmldoc.AppendChild(xmlelem);

            for (int i = ; i < ; i++)

            {

                string identifyStr;

                string id;

                int count;

                if(i==)

                {

                    identifyStr = "tool";

                    count = ;

                }

                else

                {

                    identifyStr = "frame";

                    count = ;

                }

                //增加次级节点

                XmlNode root = xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("ToolAndFrame");//查找<ToolAndFrame>

                XmlElement elem = xmldoc.CreateElement(identifyStr);//创建一个<identifyStr>节点

                elem.SetAttribute("ID", identifyStr);//设置该节点ID属性

                //xe1.SetAttribute("ISBN", "2-3631-4");//设置该节点ISBN属性 

                for(int j=;j<count;j++)

                {

                    XmlElement toolElem = xmldoc.CreateElement("elem"+i.ToString());

                    toolElem.SetAttribute("ID", j.ToString());

                    toolElem.InnerText = "未知        [?]";

                    elem.AppendChild(toolElem);

                }

                root.AppendChild(elem);//添加到<Employees>节点中

            }

            xmldoc.Save("ToolAndFrame.xml");

        }

    }

}

2）读取

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using System.Xml;

namespace ReadXml

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();

            xmlDoc.Load("ToolAndFrame.xml");

            List<string> strList = new List<string>();

            XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("ToolAndFrame").ChildNodes;//获取Employees节点的所有子节点 

            foreach (XmlNode temp in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点

            {

                XmlElement elem = (XmlElement)temp;//将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型

                //if (elem.GetAttribute("genre") == "张三")//如果genre属性值为“张三”

                //{

                //    elem.SetAttribute("genre", "update张三");//则修改该属性为“update张三”

                //}

                XmlNodeList childElem = elem.ChildNodes;//继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点

                foreach (XmlNode node in childElem)//遍历

                {

                    XmlElement xml = (XmlElement)node;//转换类型

                    //if (xml.Name == "author")//如果找到

                    //{

                    //    xml.InnerText = "亚胜";//则修改

                    //}

                    strList.Add(xml.InnerText);

                }

            }

            foreach(string str in strList)

            {

                Console.WriteLine(str);

            }

            Console.WriteLine(strList.Count);

            Console.ReadKey();

        }

    }

}

3）查找与更改

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using System.Xml;

namespace ChangeText

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            string id = "tool";

            int num = ;

            string text = "new Name";

            ChangeVal(id, num, text);

        }

        public static void ChangeVal(string id,int num,string text)

        {

            XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();

            xmlDoc.Load("ToolAndFrame.xml");

          //  List<string> strList = new List<string>();

            XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("ToolAndFrame").ChildNodes;//获取Employees节点的所有子节点 

            foreach (XmlNode temp in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点

            {

                XmlElement elem = (XmlElement)temp;//将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型

                if (elem.Name == id)//如果elem的名字为“张三”

                {

                    Console.WriteLine(elem.GetAttribute("ID"));

                    Console.WriteLine(elem.Name);

                    XmlNodeList childElem = elem.ChildNodes;//继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点

                    foreach (XmlNode node in childElem)//遍历

                    {

                        XmlElement xml = (XmlElement)node;//转换类型

                        if (xml.GetAttribute("ID") == num.ToString())

                        {

                            xml.InnerText = text;

                            break;

                        }

                    }

                    break;

                }

            }

            xmlDoc.Save("ToolAndFrame.xml");

            Console.ReadKey();

        }

    }

}

本文查找与更改只是更改了属性，如果需要添加节点或者删除节点，只需要查找到相关节点以后，用命令remvoechild即可，最后一定要保存。

（三）json

如果采用json格式实现数据可持续化则可以直接采用unity方法jsonUtility来实现

    private string WriteTOJson()

    {

        string json = JsonUtility.ToJson(jsonData);

        return json;

    }

    private PersistData ReadFromJson(string json)

    {

        PersistData jsonClass = JsonUtility.FromJson<PersistData>(json);

        return jsonClass;

    }

    class PersistData

    {

        public long width;

        public long top;

        public long left;

        public long height;

    }

对于list格式的参数进行解析时要增加serializable

如下所示：

#region jsonClass

[Serializable]

public class ListModel

{

    public int ListContentId;

    public string CName;//新版本

    public string EName;//新版本

    //public string Name;//旧版本

    public string BigResourcePath;

    public string BigResourceName;

    public string BigResourceType;

    public string SmallResourcePath;

    public string SmallResourceName;

    public string SmallResourceType;

    public DateTime UpdateTime;

    public int Order;

    public int Level;

    public int ParentId;

    //public int ListContentId;

    //public string Name;

    //public string BigResourcePath;

    //public string BigResourceName;

    //public string BigResourceType;

    //public string SmallResourcePath;

    //public string SmallResourceName;

    //public string SmallResourceType;

    //public DateTime UpdateTime;

    //public int Order;

    //public int Level;

    //public int ParentID;

}

[Serializable]

public class ListLevelModel

{

    public bool success;

    public List<ListModel> data;

}

#endregion

listLevelModel = JsonUtility.FromJson<ListLevelModel>(jsonlist);

（四）LitJson

采用unity自带的解析方法时，在解析list时需要构筑一个带list的类，不能直接解析成list，而litjson可以如：

allComments = JsonMapper.ToObject<List<CommentElem>>(json);

也可以直接解析出所需要的参数，如下所示，可以直接获取到det下add的值

 JsonData data = JsonMapper.ToObject(json);

string str = data["Det"]["add"]

PS：如果xml需要跳过注释可用

            if(temp is XmlComment)

            {

                continue;

            }

巴特西

Unity C#数据持久化与xml

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