// Start the new server

        if (server instanceof Lifecycle) {

            try {

                server.initialize();

            } catch (LifecycleException e) {

                log.error("Catalina.start", e);

            }

        }

    public void initialize()

        throws LifecycleException

    {

        if (initialized) {

                log.info(sm.getString("standardServer.initialize.initialized"));

            return;

        }

        lifecycle.fireLifecycleEvent(INIT_EVENT, null);

        initialized = true;

        if( oname==null ) {

            try {

                oname=new ObjectName( "Catalina:type=Server");

                Registry.getRegistry(null, null)

                    .registerComponent(this, oname, null );

            } catch (Exception e) {

                log.error("Error registering ",e);

            }

        }

        // Register global String cache

        try {

            ObjectName oname2 =

                new ObjectName(oname.getDomain() + ":type=StringCache");

            Registry.getRegistry(null, null)

                .registerComponent(new StringCache(), oname2, null );

        } catch (Exception e) {

            log.error("Error registering ",e);

        }

        // Initialize our defined Services

        for (int i = 0; i < services.length; i++) {

            services[i].initialize();

        }

    }

    public void initialize()

            throws LifecycleException

    {

        // Service shouldn't be used with embeded, so it doesn't matter

        if (initialized) {

            if(log.isInfoEnabled())

                log.info(sm.getString("standardService.initialize.initialized"));

            return;

        }

        initialized = true;

        if( oname==null ) {

            try {

                // Hack - Server should be deprecated...

                Container engine=this.getContainer();

                domain=engine.getName();

                oname=new ObjectName(domain + ":type=Service,serviceName="+name);

                this.controller=oname;

                Registry.getRegistry(null, null)

                    .registerComponent(this, oname, null);

                Executor[] executors = findExecutors();

                for (int i = 0; i < executors.length; i++) {

                    ObjectName executorObjectName =

                        new ObjectName(domain + ":type=Executor,name=" + executors[i].getName());

                    Registry.getRegistry(null, null)

                        .registerComponent(executors[i], executorObjectName, null);

                }

            } catch (Exception e) {

                log.error(sm.getString("standardService.register.failed",domain),e);

            }

        }

        if( server==null ) {

            // Register with the server

            // HACK: ServerFactory should be removed...

            ServerFactory.getServer().addService(this);

        }

        // Initialize our defined Connectors

        synchronized (connectors) {

                for (int i = 0; i < connectors.length; i++) {

                    connectors[i].initialize();

                }

        }

    }

public void initialize()

        throws LifecycleException

    {

        if (initialized) {

            if(log.isInfoEnabled())

                log.info(sm.getString("coyoteConnector.alreadyInitialized"));

           return;

        }

        this.initialized = true;

        if( oname == null && (container instanceof StandardEngine)) {

            try {

                // we are loaded directly, via API - and no name was given to us

                StandardEngine cb=(StandardEngine)container;

                oname = createObjectName(cb.getName(), "Connector");

                Registry.getRegistry(null, null)

                    .registerComponent(this, oname, null);

                controller=oname;

            } catch (Exception e) {

                log.error( "Error registering connector ", e);

            }

            if(log.isDebugEnabled())

                log.debug("Creating name for connector " + oname);

        }

        // Initializa adapter

        adapter = new CoyoteAdapter(this);//创建一个适配器，该适配器会完成请求的真正处理

        protocolHandler.setAdapter(adapter);

        IntrospectionUtils.setProperty(protocolHandler, "jkHome",

                                       System.getProperty("catalina.base"));

        try {

            protocolHandler.init();//对于不同的协议，会有不同的ProtocolHandler实现类，我们来看Http11Protocol，它用来处理HTTP请求

        } catch (Exception e) {

            throw new LifecycleException

                (sm.getString

                 ("coyoteConnector.protocolHandlerInitializationFailed", e));

        }

    }

 public void init() throws Exception {

        endpoint.setName(getName());

        endpoint.setHandler(cHandler);

    ...

  try {

            endpoint.init();

        } catch (Exception ex) {

            log.error(sm.getString("http11protocol.endpoint.initerror"), ex);

            throw ex;

        }

}

public void init()

        throws Exception {

        if (initialized)

            return;

        // Initialize thread count defaults for acceptor

    //默认处理线程数

        if (acceptorThreadCount == 0) {

            acceptorThreadCount = 1;

        }

    //得到服务端默认Socket即DefaultServerSocketFactory

        if (serverSocketFactory == null) {

            serverSocketFactory = ServerSocketFactory.getDefault();

        }

    //创建服务端Socket,为客户端请求做准备

        if (serverSocket == null) {

            try {

                if (address == null) {

                    serverSocket = serverSocketFactory.createSocket(port, backlog);

                } else {

                    serverSocket = serverSocketFactory.createSocket(port, backlog, address);

                }

            } catch (BindException be) {

                if (address == null)

                    throw new BindException(be.getMessage() + "<null>:" + port);

                else

                    throw new BindException(be.getMessage() + " " +

                            address.toString() + ":" + port);

            }

        }

        //if( serverTimeout >= 0 )

        //    serverSocket.setSoTimeout( serverTimeout );

        initialized = true;

    }