System 源码阅读
2024-09-03 20:00:34
System
- 属性说明
/**
* System 类包含了几个有用的字段和方法，并且不能被实例化。
*
* @author unascribed
* @since 1.0
*/
public final class System {
/* register the natives via the static initializer.
*
* VM will invoke the initializeSystemClass method to complete
* the initialization for this class separated from clinit.
* Note that to use properties set by the VM, see the constraints
* described in the initializeSystemClass method.
*/
private static native void registerNatives();
static {
registerNatives();
}
/** Don't let anyone instantiate this class */
private System() {
}
/**
* 标准输入流，默认为键盘
*/
public static final InputStream in = null;
/**
* 标识输出流，默认为控制台
*/
public static final PrintStream out = null;
/**
* 标准错误流，默认为控制台
*/
public static final PrintStream err = null;
/**
* 此系统的安全管理器
*/
private static volatile SecurityManager security;
/**
* 控制台
*/
private static volatile Console cons;
/**
* 系统属性值
*
* The following properties are guaranteed to be defined:
* <dl>
* <dt>java.version <dd>Java version number
* <dt>java.version.date <dd>Java version date
* <dt>java.vendor <dd>Java vendor specific string
* <dt>java.vendor.url <dd>Java vendor URL
* <dt>java.vendor.version <dd>Java vendor version
* <dt>java.home <dd>Java installation directory
* <dt>java.class.version <dd>Java class version number
* <dt>java.class.path <dd>Java classpath
* <dt>os.name <dd>Operating System Name
* <dt>os.arch <dd>Operating System Architecture
* <dt>os.version <dd>Operating System Version
* <dt>file.separator <dd>File separator ("/" on Unix)
* <dt>path.separator <dd>Path separator (":" on Unix)
* <dt>line.separator <dd>Line separator ("\n" on Unix)
* <dt>user.name <dd>User account name
* <dt>user.home <dd>User home directory
* <dt>user.dir <dd>User's current working directory
* </dl>
*/
private static Properties props;
- 输入输出流及控制台
/**
* 重设标准输入流
*
* @since 1.1
*/
public static void setIn(InputStream in) {
checkIO();
setIn0(in);
}
/**
* 重设标准输出流
*
* @param out PrintStream 实例
* @since 1.1
*/
public static void setOut(PrintStream out) {
checkIO();
setOut0(out);
}
/**
* 重设标准错误流
*
* @param err PrintStream 实例
* @since 1.1
*/
public static void setErr(PrintStream err) {
checkIO();
setErr0(err);
}
private static native void setIn0(InputStream in);
private static native void setOut0(PrintStream out);
private static native void setErr0(PrintStream err);
- 读取系统属性和环境变量的值
/**
* 读取当前系统时序性
*
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.version</code></th>
* <td>Java Runtime Environment version, which may be interpreted
* as a {@link Runtime.Version}</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.version.date</code></th>
* <td>Java Runtime Environment version date, in ISO-8601 YYYY-MM-DD
* format, which may be interpreted as a {@link
* java.time.LocalDate}</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.vendor</code></th>
* <td>Java Runtime Environment vendor</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.vendor.url</code></th>
* <td>Java vendor URL</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.vendor.version</code></th>
* <td>Java vendor version</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.home</code></th>
* <td>Java installation directory</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.vm.specification.version</code></th>
* <td>Java Virtual Machine specification version which may be
* interpreted as a {@link Runtime.Version}</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.vm.specification.vendor</code></th>
* <td>Java Virtual Machine specification vendor</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.vm.specification.name</code></th>
* <td>Java Virtual Machine specification name</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.vm.version</code></th>
* <td>Java Virtual Machine implementation version which may be
* interpreted as a {@link Runtime.Version}</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.vm.vendor</code></th>
* <td>Java Virtual Machine implementation vendor</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.vm.name</code></th>
* <td>Java Virtual Machine implementation name</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.specification.version</code></th>
* <td>Java Runtime Environment specification version which may be
* interpreted as a {@link Runtime.Version}</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.specification.vendor</code></th>
* <td>Java Runtime Environment specification vendor</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.specification.name</code></th>
* <td>Java Runtime Environment specification name</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.class.version</code></th>
* <td>Java class format version number</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.class.path</code></th>
* <td>Java class path</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.library.path</code></th>
* <td>List of paths to search when loading libraries</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.io.tmpdir</code></th>
* <td>Default temp file path</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>java.compiler</code></th>
* <td>Name of JIT compiler to use</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>os.name</code></th>
* <td>Operating system name</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>os.arch</code></th>
* <td>Operating system architecture</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>os.version</code></th>
* <td>Operating system version</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>file.separator</code></th>
* <td>File separator ("/" on UNIX)</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>path.separator</code></th>
* <td>Path separator (":" on UNIX)</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>line.separator</code></th>
* <td>Line separator ("\n" on UNIX)</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>user.name</code></th>
* <td>User's account name</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>user.home</code></th>
* <td>User's home directory</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row"><code>user.dir</code></th>
* <td>User's current working directory</td></tr>
* <p>
*
* @implNote In addition to the standard system properties, the system
* properties may include the following keys:
* <table class="striped">
* <caption style="display:none">Shows property keys and associated values</caption>
* <thead>
* <tr><th scope="col">Key</th>
* <th scope="col">Description of Associated Value</th></tr>
* </thead>
* <tbody>
* <tr><th scope="row">{@code jdk.module.path}</th>
* <td>The application module path</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row">{@code jdk.module.upgrade.path}</th>
* <td>The upgrade module path</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row">{@code jdk.module.main}</th>
* <td>The module name of the initial/main module</td></tr>
* <tr><th scope="row">{@code jdk.module.main.class}</th>
* <td>The main class name of the initial module</td></tr>
* </tbody>
* </table>
*/
public static Properties getProperties() {
final SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null) {
sm.checkPropertiesAccess();
}
return props;
}
/**
* 读取指定名称的系统属性
*
* @param key 系统属性的名称
*/
public static String getProperty(String key) {
checkKey(key);
final SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null) {
sm.checkPropertyAccess(key);
}
return props.getProperty(key);
}
/**
* 读取指定名称 key 的系统属性值，如果不存在，则使用默认值
*
* @param key 系统属性的名称
* @param def 默认值
*/
public static String getProperty(String key, String def) {
checkKey(key);
final SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null) {
sm.checkPropertyAccess(key);
}
return props.getProperty(key, def);
}
/**
* 获取当前系统的环境变量映射
*
* @since 1.5
*/
public static java.util.Map<String,String> getenv() {
final SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null) {
sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("getenv.*"));
}
return ProcessEnvironment.getenv();
}
/**
* 读取指定名称的环境变量
*
* @param name 环境变量名称
*/
public static String getenv(String name) {
final SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null) {
sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("getenv."+name));
}
return ProcessEnvironment.getenv(name);
}
- 其他常用方法
/**
* 将源数组的子数组拷贝到目标数组中
*
* @param src 源数组
* @param srcPos 源数组起始索引，包括
* @param dest 目标数组
* @param destPos 目标数组起始索引，包括
* @param length 从源数组拷贝的元素个数
*/
@HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
public static native void arraycopy(Object src, int srcPos,
Object dest, int destPos,
int length);
/**
* 返回当前 JVM 关联的控制台
*
* @since 1.6
*/
public static Console console() {
Console c;
if ((c = cons) == null) {
synchronized (System.class) {
if ((c = cons) == null) {
cons = c = SharedSecrets.getJavaIOAccess().console();
}
}
}
return c;
}
/**
* 1970-01-01 UTC 午夜到此刻之间的毫秒数
*/
@HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
public static native long currentTimeMillis();
/**
* 返回当前虚拟机高分辨率的时间源，以纳秒为单位，只能用于计算时间差
*
* @since 1.5
*/
@HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
public static native long nanoTime();
/**
* 主动终止当前虚拟机，非 0 的退出状态表示异常终止。
*
* @param status 退出状态值
*/
public static void exit(int status) {
Runtime.getRuntime().exit(status);
}
/**
* 主动运行垃圾收集器，不建议调用
*/
public static void gc() {
Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
}
/**
* 计算指定对象的哈希值，null 对象为 0
*
* @param x 待计算哈希值的目标对象
* @since 1.1
*/
@HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
public static native int identityHashCode(Object x);
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