[root@localhost docker_test]# docker container commit #可以简写成docker commit

"docker container commit" requires at least  and at most  arguments.

See 'docker container commit --help'.

Usage:  docker container commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

Create a new image from a container's changes

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker image build #可以简写成docker build

"docker image build" requires exactly  argument.

See 'docker image build --help'.

Usage:  docker image build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -

Build an image from a Dockerfile

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker image ls

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

bigni/test1         latest              f5620b92331c         hours ago         861kB

ubuntu              14.04               2c5e00d77a67         weeks ago         188MB

centos              latest              9f38484d220f         months ago        202MB

hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9         months ago        .84kB

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker run centos

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker run centos -it

docker: Error response from daemon: OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:: starting container process caused "exec: \"-it\": executable file not found in $PATH": unknown.

ERRO[] error waiting for container: context canceled

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker run -it  centos

[root@dba873e57276 /]# ls

anaconda-post.log  bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var

[root@dba873e57276 /]# vim

bash: vim: command not found

[root@dba873e57276 /]# yum install -y vim

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker container ls -a #查看所有container

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES

dba873e57276        centos              "/bin/bash"          minutes ago       Exited ()  seconds ago                       infallible_rubin

36c7c2011bdb        centos              "-it"                minutes ago       Created                                         wonderful_haslett

2401371f2c7a        centos              "/bin/bash"          minutes ago       Exited ()  minutes ago                        vibrant_dijkstra

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker commit

"docker commit" requires at least  and at most  arguments.

See 'docker commit --help'.

Usage:  docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]  #docker commit 使用方法

Create a new image from a container's changes

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker commit infallible_rubin bigni/centos_vim #把names：infallible_rubin 的container commit 成image：bigni/centos_vim

sha256:afe852c481e754b88b28a663f6e98e0a52816e253c64af4b2b823f8bb8702961

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker image ls -a #查看新增image，比centos image大了好多，安装vim 需要的依赖包不少。

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

bigni/centos_vim    latest              afe852c481e7         seconds ago      362MB

<none>              <none>              3ec8199c2855         hours ago         861kB

bigni/test1         latest              f5620b92331c         hours ago         861kB

ubuntu              14.04               2c5e00d77a67         weeks ago         188MB

centos              latest              9f38484d220f         months ago        202MB

hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9         months ago        .84kB

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker run -it bigni/centos_vim #交互式运行

bigni/centos_vim         bigni/centos_vim:latest

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker run -it bigni/centos_vim #交互式运行，测试能不能使用vim

[root@3afa6597d516 /]# vim test

[root@3afa6597d516 /]# cat test

docker so easy

[root@3afa6597d516 /]# exit        #退出

exit

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker container ls -a #可以看到新增一个container

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED              STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES

3afa6597d516        bigni/centos_vim    "/bin/bash"         About a minute ago   Exited ()  seconds ago                       cranky_zhukovsky

dba873e57276        centos              "/bin/bash"          minutes ago       Exited ()  minutes ago                        infallible_rubin

36c7c2011bdb        centos              "-it"                minutes ago       Created                                         wonderful_haslett

2401371f2c7a        centos              "/bin/bash"          minutes ago       Exited ()  minutes ago                       vibrant_dijkstra

[root@localhost docker_test]#

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker image ls

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

bigni/centos_vim    latest              afe852c481e7         minutes ago       362MB

bigni/test1         latest              f5620b92331c         hours ago         861kB

ubuntu              14.04               2c5e00d77a67         weeks ago         188MB

centos              latest              9f38484d220f         months ago        202MB

hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9         months ago        .84kB

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker history 9f38484d220f

IMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT

9f38484d220f         months ago        /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]            0B

<missing>            months ago        /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL org.label-schema.sc…   0B

<missing>            months ago        /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:074f2c974463ab38c…   202MB

[root@localhost docker_test]# docker history afe852c481e7

IMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT

afe852c481e7         minutes ago       /bin/bash                                       160MB           #可以看到，比原始的image多了一层 layer

9f38484d220f         months ago        /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]            0B

<missing>            months ago        /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL org.label-schema.sc…   0B

<missing>            months ago        /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:074f2c974463ab38c…   202MB

[root@localhost docker_test]# 

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir docker_vim

[root@localhost ~]# vim docker_vim/Dockerfile

[root@localhost ~]# cat docker_vim/Dockerfile

FROM centos

RUN yum install -y vim

[root@localhost ~]# docker build -t bigni/centos_vim ./docker_vim/ #通过dockerfile build 新的image

Sending build context to Docker daemon  .048kB

Step / : FROM centos #from centos

 ---> 9f38484d220f #直接引用centos image这一层，而不会新创建一层

Step / : RUN yum install -y vim #运行Dockerfile里配置的命令

 ---> Running in 551ad2fd3374 #创建临时container

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl

Determining fastest mirrors

 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com

 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com

 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package vim-enhanced.x86_64 :7.4.-.el7_6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: vim-common = :7.4.-.el7_6 for package: :vim-enhanced-7.4.-.el7_6.x86_64

中间省略---> Package perl-Pod-Usage.noarch :1.63-.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Text) >= 3.15 for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-.el7.noarch

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

 Package                    Arch       Version                Repository   Size

================================================================================

Installing:

 vim-enhanced               x86_64     :7.4.-.el7_6      updates     1.0 M

Installing for dependencies:

中间省略which                      x86_64     2.20-.el7             base          k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install   Package (+ Dependent packages)

Total download size:  M

Installed size:  M

Downloading packages:

warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64//base/packages/gpm-libs-1.20.-.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY

Public key for gpm-libs-1.20.-.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed

Public key for perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-.el7_6.noarch.rpm is not installed

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                               kB/s |   MB  :

Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:

 Userid     : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"

 Fingerprint:  ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5

 Package    : centos-release--6.1810..el7.centos.x86_64 (@CentOS)

 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

  Installing : gpm-libs-1.20.-.el7.x86_64                                /       中间省略                 

Complete!

Removing intermediate container 551ad2fd3374

 ---> f853f2a3f901

Successfully built f853f2a3f901 #创建完成

[root@localhost ~]# docker image ls

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

bigni/centos_vim    latest              f853f2a3f901         minutes ago      362MB

bigni/test1         latest              f5620b92331c         hours ago        861kB

ubuntu              14.04               2c5e00d77a67         weeks ago         188MB

centos              latest              9f38484d220f         months ago        202MB