apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {

    compileSdkVersion 28

    defaultConfig {

        applicationId "com.bu_ish.debug_release_test"

        minSdkVersion 19

        targetSdkVersion 28

        versionCode 1

        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"

    }

    buildTypes {

        release {

            minifyEnabled false

            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'

            buildConfigField "String", "TextToShow", "\"当前处于发布模式\""

            manifestPlaceholders = [ManifestField: "发布模式下的清单字段"]

        }

        debug {

            buildConfigField "String", "TextToShow", "\"当前处于调试模式\""

            manifestPlaceholders = [ManifestField: "调试模式下的清单字段"]

        }

    }

}

dependencies {

    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])

    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'

    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'

    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'

    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    package="com.bu_ish.debug_release_test">

    <application

        android:allowBackup="true"

        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"

        android:label="@string/app_name"

        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"

        android:supportsRtl="true"

        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">

            <intent-filter>

                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />

            </intent-filter>

        </activity>

        <meta-data

            android:name="ManifestField"

            android:value="${ManifestField}" />

    </application>

</manifest>

                try {

                    String manifestField = getPackageManager().getApplicationInfo(getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_META_DATA).metaData.getString("ManifestField");

                    new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this).setMessage(manifestField).show();

                } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException ex) {

                    Log.e(TAG, null, ex);

                }