树莓派裁剪通过Win32读出的img文件

PiShrink 是 Github 上开源的树莓派压缩工具，通过裁剪上面用 Win32DiskImager 或者 dd 命令全卡备份的镜像，去掉没有内容的分区，从而减小备份镜像的大小。
先将全卡备份的镜像文件复制到 Linux 中，打开终端执行wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Drewsif/PiShrink/master/pishrink.sh 下载 sh 脚本文件，默认存到/home/user目录下，将其拷贝到镜像所在文件夹下。执行chmod +x pishrink.sh 增加执行权限，然后执行sudo bash pishrink.sh rpi-back.img 即可。
pishrink.sh
#!/bin/bash

version="v0.1.2"

CURRENT_DIR="$(pwd)"

SCRIPTNAME="${0##*/}"

MYNAME="${SCRIPTNAME%.*}"

LOGFILE="${CURRENT_DIR}/${SCRIPTNAME%.*}.log"

REQUIRED_TOOLS="parted losetup tune2fs md5sum e2fsck resize2fs"

ZIPTOOLS=("gzip xz")

declare -A ZIP_PARALLEL_TOOL=( [gzip]="pigz" [xz]="xz" ) # parallel zip tool to use in parallel mode

declare -A ZIP_PARALLEL_OPTIONS=( [gzip]="-f9" [xz]="-T0" ) # options for zip tools in parallel mode

declare -A ZIPEXTENSIONS=( [gzip]="gz" [xz]="xz" ) # extensions of zipped files

function info() {

	echo "$SCRIPTNAME: $1 ..."

}

function error() {

	echo -n "$SCRIPTNAME: ERROR occured in line $1: "

	shift

	echo "$@"

}

function cleanup() {

	if losetup "$loopback" &>/dev/null; then

		losetup -d "$loopback"

	fi

	if [ "$debug" = true ]; then

		local old_owner=$(stat -c %u:%g "$src")

		chown "$old_owner" "$LOGFILE"

	fi

}

function logVariables() {

	if [ "$debug" = true ]; then

		echo "Line $1" >> "$LOGFILE"

		shift

		local v var

		for var in "$@"; do

			eval "v=\$$var"

			echo "$var: $v" >> "$LOGFILE"

		done

	fi

}

function checkFilesystem() {

	info "Checking filesystem"

	e2fsck -pf "$loopback"

	(( $? < 4 )) && return

	info "Filesystem error detected!"

	info "Trying to recover corrupted filesystem"

	e2fsck -y "$loopback"

	(( $? < 4 )) && return

if [[ $repair == true ]]; then

	info "Trying to recover corrupted filesystem - Phase 2"

	e2fsck -fy -b 32768 "$loopback"

	(( $? < 4 )) && return

fi

	error $LINENO "Filesystem recoveries failed. Giving up..."

	exit 9

}

function set_autoexpand() {

    #Make pi expand rootfs on next boot

    mountdir=$(mktemp -d)

    partprobe "$loopback"

    mount "$loopback" "$mountdir"

    if [ ! -d "$mountdir/etc" ]; then

        info "/etc not found, autoexpand will not be enabled"

        umount "$mountdir"

        return

    fi

    if [[ -f "$mountdir/etc/rc.local" ]] && [[ "$(md5sum "$mountdir/etc/rc.local" | cut -d ' ' -f 1)" != "1c579c7d5b4292fd948399b6ece39009" ]]; then

      echo "Creating new /etc/rc.local"

    if [ -f "$mountdir/etc/rc.local" ]; then

        mv "$mountdir/etc/rc.local" "$mountdir/etc/rc.local.bak"

    fi

    #####Do not touch the following lines#####

cat <<\EOF1 > "$mountdir/etc/rc.local"

#!/bin/bash

do_expand_rootfs() {

  ROOT_PART=$(mount | sed -n 's|^/dev/\(.*\) on / .*|\1|p')

  PART_NUM=${ROOT_PART#mmcblk0p}

  if [ "$PART_NUM" = "$ROOT_PART" ]; then

    echo "$ROOT_PART is not an SD card. Don't know how to expand"

    return 0

  fi

  # Get the starting offset of the root partition

  PART_START=$(parted /dev/mmcblk0 -ms unit s p | grep "^${PART_NUM}" | cut -f 2 -d: | sed 's/[^0-9]//g')

  [ "$PART_START" ] || return 1

  # Return value will likely be error for fdisk as it fails to reload the

  # partition table because the root fs is mounted

  fdisk /dev/mmcblk0 <<EOF

p

d

$PART_NUM

n

p

$PART_NUM

$PART_START

p

w

EOF

cat <<EOF > /etc/rc.local &&

#!/bin/sh

echo "Expanding /dev/$ROOT_PART"

resize2fs /dev/$ROOT_PART

rm -f /etc/rc.local; cp -f /etc/rc.local.bak /etc/rc.local; /etc/rc.local

EOF

reboot

exit

}

raspi_config_expand() {

/usr/bin/env raspi-config --expand-rootfs

if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then

  return -1

else

  rm -f /etc/rc.local; cp -f /etc/rc.local.bak /etc/rc.local; /etc/rc.local

  reboot

  exit

fi

}

raspi_config_expand

echo "WARNING: Using backup expand..."

sleep 5

do_expand_rootfs

echo "ERROR: Expanding failed..."

sleep 5

if [[ -f /etc/rc.local.bak ]]; then

  cp -f /etc/rc.local.bak /etc/rc.local

  /etc/rc.local

fi

exit 0

EOF1

    #####End no touch zone#####

    chmod +x "$mountdir/etc/rc.local"

    fi

    umount "$mountdir"

}

help() {

	local help

	read -r -d '' help << EOM

Usage: $0 [-adhrspvzZ] imagefile.img [newimagefile.img]

  -s         Don't expand filesystem when image is booted the first time

  -v         Be verbose

  -r         Use advanced filesystem repair option if the normal one fails

  -z         Compress image after shrinking with gzip

  -Z         Compress image after shrinking with xz

  -a         Compress image in parallel using multiple cores

  -p         Remove logs, apt archives, dhcp leases and ssh hostkeys

  -d         Write debug messages in a debug log file

EOM

	echo "$help"

	exit 1

}

should_skip_autoexpand=false

debug=false

repair=false

parallel=false

verbose=false

prep=false

ziptool=""

while getopts ":adhprsvzZ" opt; do

  case "${opt}" in

    a) parallel=true;;

    d) debug=true;;

    h) help;;

    p) prep=true;;

    r) repair=true;;

    s) should_skip_autoexpand=true ;;

    v) verbose=true;;

    z) ziptool="gzip";;

    Z) ziptool="xz";;

    *) help;;

  esac

done

shift $((OPTIND-1))

if [ "$debug" = true ]; then

	info "Creating log file $LOGFILE"

	rm "$LOGFILE" &>/dev/null

	exec 1> >(stdbuf -i0 -o0 -e0 tee -a "$LOGFILE" >&1)

	exec 2> >(stdbuf -i0 -o0 -e0 tee -a "$LOGFILE" >&2)

fi

echo "${0##*/} $version"

#Args

src="$1"

img="$1"

#Usage checks

if [[ -z "$img" ]]; then

  help

fi

if [[ ! -f "$img" ]]; then

  error $LINENO "$img is not a file..."

  exit 2

fi

if (( EUID != 0 )); then

  error $LINENO "You need to be running as root."

  exit 3

fi

# check selected compression tool is supported and installed

if [[ -n $ziptool ]]; then

	if [[ ! " ${ZIPTOOLS[@]} " =~ $ziptool ]]; then

		error $LINENO "$ziptool is an unsupported ziptool."

		exit 17

	else

		if [[ $parallel == true && $ziptool == "gzip" ]]; then

			REQUIRED_TOOLS="$REQUIRED_TOOLS pigz"

		else

			REQUIRED_TOOLS="$REQUIRED_TOOLS $ziptool"

		fi

	fi

fi

#Check that what we need is installed

for command in $REQUIRED_TOOLS; do

  command -v $command >/dev/null 2>&1

  if (( $? != 0 )); then

    error $LINENO "$command is not installed."

    exit 4

  fi

done

#Copy to new file if requested

if [ -n "$2" ]; then

  f="$2"

  if [[ -n $ziptool && "${f##*.}" == "${ZIPEXTENSIONS[$ziptool]}" ]]; then	# remove zip extension if zip requested because zip tool will complain about extension

    f="${f%.*}"

  fi

  info "Copying $1 to $f..."

  cp --reflink=auto --sparse=always "$1" "$f"

  if (( $? != 0 )); then

    error $LINENO "Could not copy file..."

    exit 5

  fi

  old_owner=$(stat -c %u:%g "$1")

  chown "$old_owner" "$f"

  img="$f"

fi

# cleanup at script exit

trap cleanup EXIT

#Gather info

info "Gathering data"

beforesize="$(ls -lh "$img" | cut -d ' ' -f 5)"

parted_output="$(parted -ms "$img" unit B print)"

rc=$?

if (( $rc )); then

	error $LINENO "parted failed with rc $rc"

	info "Possibly invalid image. Run 'parted $img unit B print' manually to investigate"

	exit 6

fi

partnum="$(echo "$parted_output" | tail -n 1 | cut -d ':' -f 1)"

partstart="$(echo "$parted_output" | tail -n 1 | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d 'B')"

if [ -z "$(parted -s "$img" unit B print | grep "$partstart" | grep logical)" ]; then

    parttype="primary"

else

    parttype="logical"

fi

loopback="$(losetup -f --show -o "$partstart" "$img")"

tune2fs_output="$(tune2fs -l "$loopback")"

rc=$?

if (( $rc )); then

    echo "$tune2fs_output"

    error $LINENO "tune2fs failed. Unable to shrink this type of image"

    exit 7

fi

currentsize="$(echo "$tune2fs_output" | grep '^Block count:' | tr -d ' ' | cut -d ':' -f 2)"

blocksize="$(echo "$tune2fs_output" | grep '^Block size:' | tr -d ' ' | cut -d ':' -f 2)"

logVariables $LINENO beforesize parted_output partnum partstart parttype tune2fs_output currentsize blocksize

#Check if we should make pi expand rootfs on next boot

if [ "$parttype" == "logical" ]; then

  echo "WARNING: PiShrink does not yet support autoexpanding of this type of image"

elif [ "$should_skip_autoexpand" = false ]; then

  set_autoexpand

else

  echo "Skipping autoexpanding process..."

fi

if [[ $prep == true ]]; then

  info "Syspreping: Removing logs, apt archives, dhcp leases and ssh hostkeys"

  mountdir=$(mktemp -d)

  mount "$loopback" "$mountdir"

  rm -rf "$mountdir/var/cache/apt/archives/*" "$mountdir/var/lib/dhcpcd5/*" "$mountdir/var/log/*" "$mountdir/var/tmp/*" "$mountdir/tmp/*" "$mountdir/etc/ssh/*_host_*"

  umount "$mountdir"

fi

#Make sure filesystem is ok

checkFilesystem

if ! minsize=$(resize2fs -P "$loopback"); then

	rc=$?

	error $LINENO "resize2fs failed with rc $rc"

	exit 10

fi

minsize=$(cut -d ':' -f 2 <<< "$minsize" | tr -d ' ')

logVariables $LINENO currentsize minsize

if [[ $currentsize -eq $minsize ]]; then

  error $LINENO "Image already shrunk to smallest size"

  exit 11

fi

#Add some free space to the end of the filesystem

extra_space=$(($currentsize - $minsize))

logVariables $LINENO extra_space

for space in 5000 1000 100; do

  if [[ $extra_space -gt $space ]]; then

    minsize=$(($minsize + $space))

    break

  fi

done

logVariables $LINENO minsize

#Shrink filesystem

info "Shrinking filesystem"

resize2fs -p "$loopback" $minsize

rc=$?

if (( $rc )); then

  error $LINENO "resize2fs failed with rc $rc"

  mount "$loopback" "$mountdir"

  mv "$mountdir/etc/rc.local.bak" "$mountdir/etc/rc.local"

  umount "$mountdir"

  losetup -d "$loopback"

  exit 12

fi

sleep 1

#Shrink partition

partnewsize=$(($minsize * $blocksize))

newpartend=$(($partstart + $partnewsize))

logVariables $LINENO partnewsize newpartend

parted -s -a minimal "$img" rm "$partnum"

rc=$?

if (( $rc )); then

	error $LINENO "parted failed with rc $rc"

	exit 13

fi

parted -s "$img" unit B mkpart "$parttype" "$partstart" "$newpartend"

rc=$?

if (( $rc )); then

	error $LINENO "parted failed with rc $rc"

	exit 14

fi

#Truncate the file

info "Shrinking image"

endresult=$(parted -ms "$img" unit B print free)

rc=$?

if (( $rc )); then

	error $LINENO "parted failed with rc $rc"

	exit 15

fi

endresult=$(tail -1 <<< "$endresult" | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d 'B')

logVariables $LINENO endresult

truncate -s "$endresult" "$img"

rc=$?

if (( $rc )); then

	error $LINENO "trunate failed with rc $rc"

	exit 16

fi

# handle compression

if [[ -n $ziptool ]]; then

	options=""

	envVarname="${MYNAME^^}_${ziptool^^}" # PISHRINK_GZIP or PISHRINK_XZ environment variables allow to override all options for gzip or xz

	[[ $parallel == true ]] && options="${ZIP_PARALLEL_OPTIONS[$ziptool]}"

	[[ -v $envVarname ]] && options="${!envVarname}" # if environment variable defined use these options

	[[ $verbose == true ]] && options="$options -v" # add verbose flag if requested

	if [[ $parallel == true ]]; then

		parallel_tool="${ZIP_PARALLEL_TOOL[$ziptool]}"

		info "Using $parallel_tool on the shrunk image"

		if ! $parallel_tool ${options} "$img"; then

			rc=$?

			error $LINENO "$parallel_tool failed with rc $rc"

			exit 18

		fi

	else # sequential

		info "Using $ziptool on the shrunk image"

		if ! $ziptool ${options} "$img"; then

			rc=$?

			error $LINENO "$ziptool failed with rc $rc"

			exit 19

		fi

	fi

	img=$img.${ZIPEXTENSIONS[$ziptool]}

fi

aftersize=$(ls -lh "$img" | cut -d ' ' -f 5)

logVariables $LINENO aftersize

info "Shrunk $img from $beforesize to $aftersize"
巴特西

树莓派裁剪通过Win32读出的img文件

最新文章

热门文章
