#include<bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

#define ll long long

#define pb push_back

#define mem(a,b) memset((a),(b),sizeof(a))

const int MOD=1e9+;

ll e_gcd(ll a,ll b,ll &x,ll &y)

{

    if(!b)

    {

        x=;

        y=;

        return a;

    }

    ll ans=e_gcd(b,a%b,x,y);

    ll temp=x;

    x=y;

    y=temp-a/b*y;

    return ans;

}

ll inv(ll a,ll n)

{

    ll x,y,d=e_gcd(a,n,x,y);

    if(d==)return (x%n+n)%n;

    else return -;

}

ll C(ll n,ll m)

{

    ll ans=;

    for(ll i=n;i>=n-m+;i--)ans=(ans*i)%MOD;

    for(ll i=;i<=m;i++)ans=((ans%MOD)*(inv(i,MOD)%MOD))%MOD;

    return ans;

}

int main()

{

    int n,m;

    int t;

    cin>>t;

    while(t--)

    {

        cin>>n>>m;

        if(n<m)swap(n,m);

        int ans=C(n,m);

        cout<<ans<<endl;

    }

    return ;

}