今天我们来学习第一个SpringMVC程序

一.配置开发方式

（1）首先建立一个SpringMVC  web程序

（2）导入jar包

（3）建立UserController.java

package com.zk.UserController;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

public class UserController implements Controller{

	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,

			HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

		// 接受请求，接受参数，验证参数

		// 封装参数，调用业务方法

		// 返回视图

		ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();

		//设置页面回显数据

		mv.addObject("hello", "凤姐喜欢你");

		//指定跳转视图，返回物理视图

		//mv.setViewName("/jsp/index.jsp");

		//返回逻辑视图

		mv.setViewName("index");

		return mv;

	}

}

（4）配置web.xml，在web.xml配置DispatcherServlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.5"

	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

  <display-name>Spring_001</display-name>

  <servlet>

  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

  <!--

  Spring 默认加载SpringMVC的配置文件，这个需要满足一下规则：

                命名规则：Servlet-name-servlet.xml========>SpringMVC-servlet.xml

                 路径规范SpringMVC-serlvet.xml必须放在WEB-INF下

   -->

   <init-param>

   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

   <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/springmvc.xml</param-value>

   </init-param>

  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>

  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>

    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

  </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

（5）配置springmvc.xml，放在config文件夹下；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans   xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

	 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

	 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">

         <!-- 配置处理器映射器,SpringMVC的默认处理器映射器

         BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping：根据bean(自定义Contoller)的name属性的url去寻找handler(Action:controller)

          -->

         <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>

         <!-- 配置处理器适配器:负责执行Controller,springMVC默认处理器适配器SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter -->

     	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>

         <!-- 配置自定义UserController -->

         <bean name="/hello.do" class="com.zk.UserController.UserController"></bean>

         <!-- 配置SpringMVC视图解析器：解析逻辑视图

              后台返回逻辑视图，

              视图解析器解析出真正的物理视图：前端+逻辑视图+后缀=====/WEB-INF/jsps/index.jsp

          -->

         <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>

         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>

         </bean>

</beans>

（6）jsp目录下，index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

  <head>

    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />

	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">

	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">

	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">

	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">

	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">

	<!--

	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">

	-->

  </head>

  <body>

    ${hello }

  </body>

</html>

运行程序后，输入url：http://ms-20170731tkkc:8080/SpringMVC_001/hello.do，得到运行结果为：

二.注解开发方式

第二种开发方式为注解开发，使用@Controller加@RequestMapping进行注解开发。

代码如下：

UserController.java

package com.zk.Controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller//<bean id="UserController" class="UserController路径">

public class UserController {

	//访问路径注意更改

	//请求映射value="/hello.do",

	//@RequestMapping("hello")

	//@RequestMapping("/hello.do")

	//@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do")

	//@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method=RequestMethod.GET)

	@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do",method={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})

	public String myHello(){

		return "hello";

	}

}

requestMapping(value=”/hello.do”,method=RequestMethod.POST)

浏览器直接访问,a标签都是get请求

表单提交(指定post)，ajax指定post提交，post提交。

Spring.xml配置文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans

    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">

         <context:component-scan base-package="com.zk.Controller"></context:component-scan>

		<!-- 配置注解处理器映射器

			功能：寻找执行类Controller

		-->

		<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>

		<!-- 配置注解处理器适配器

			功能：调用controller方法，执行controller

		-->

		<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>

         <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>

         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>

         </bean>

</beans>　

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.5"

	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

  <display-name>Spring_006</display-name>

  <servlet>

  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

  <!--

  Spring 默认加载SpringMVC的配置文件，这个需要满足一下规则：

  命名规则：Servlet-name-servlet.xml========>SpringMVC-servlet.xml

  路径规范SpringMVC-serlvet.xml必须放在WEB-INF下

   -->

   <init-param>

   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

   <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/springmvc.xml</param-value>

   </init-param>

  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>

  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>

    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

  </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

hello.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

  <head>

    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'Hello.jsp' starting page</title>

	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">

	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">

	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">

	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">

	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">

	<!--

	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">

	-->

  </head>

  <body>

    Hello,UserController <br>

  </body>

</html>

　　运行结果如下：

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