Django2.1.3框架中(fields.E300)和(fields.E307)报错处理
2024-09-28 17:05:06
使用Django框架创建了Web项目，修改了模型models.py之后，执行数据库迁移操作，出现如下报错：
models.py内容如下：
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User # Create your models here. class Asset(models.Model):
"""所有资产的共有数据表"""
assets_type_choice = (
('Server', '服务器'),
('NetworkDevice', '网络设备'),
('StorageDevice', '存储设备'),
('SecurityDevice', '安全设备'),
('Software', '软件资产'),
) asset_status = (
(0, '在线'),
(1, '下线'),
(2, '未知'),
(3, '故障'),
(4, '备用'),
)
asset_type = models.CharField(choices=assets_type_choice, max_length=64, default='Server', verbose_name='资产类型')
name = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True, verbose_name='资产名称') # 不可重复
sn = models.CharField(max_length=128, unique=True, verbose_name='资产序列号') # 不可重复
business_unit = models.ForeignKey('BusinessUnit', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='所属业务线',
on_delete=models.CASCADE)
status = models.CharField(choices=asset_status, max_length=64, default=0, verbose_name='设备状态')
manufacturer = models.ForeignKey('Manufacturer', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='设备制造商',
on_delete=models.CASCADE)
manage_ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='管理IP')
tags = models.ManyToManyField('Tag', blank=True, verbose_name='标签')
admin = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='资产管理员', related_name='admin',
on_delete=models.CASCADE)
idc = models.ForeignKey('IDC', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='所在数据中心', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
contract = models.ForeignKey('Contract', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='合同', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
purchase_date = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='购买日期')
expire_date = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='过保日期')
price = models.FloatField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='价格')
approved_by = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='批准人',
related_name='approved_by',
on_delete=models.CASCADE)
memo = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='备注')
c_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='批准日期')
m_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name='更新日期') def __str__(self):
return '<%s> %s' % (self.get_asset_type_display(), self.name) class Meta:
verbose_name = '资产总表'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
ordering = ['-c_time'] class Server(models.Model):
"""服务器设备"""
sub_asset_type_choice = (
(0, 'PC服务器'),
(1, '刀片机'),
(2, '小型机'),
) created_by_choice = (
('auto', '自动添加'),
('manual', '手工录入'),
) asset = models.OneToOneField('Asset', on_delete=models.CASCADE) # 非常关键的一对一关联！
sub_asset_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=sub_asset_type_choice, default=0, verbose_name="服务器类型")
created_by = models.CharField(choices=created_by_choice, max_length=32, default='auto', verbose_name="添加方式")
hosted_on = models.ForeignKey('self', related_name='hosted_on_server',
blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="宿主机", on_delete=models.CASCADE) # 虚拟机专用字段
model = models.CharField(max_length=128, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='服务器型号')
raid_type = models.CharField(max_length=512, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='Raid类型') os_type = models.CharField('操作系统类型', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)
os_distribution = models.CharField('发行版本', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)
os_release = models.CharField('操作系统版本', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True) def __str__(self):
return '%s--%s--%s <sn:%s>' % (self.asset.name, self.get_sub_asset_type_display(), self.model, self.asset.sn) class Meta:
verbose_name = '服务器'
verbose_name_plural = "服务器" class SecurityDevice(models.Model):
"""安全设备"""
sub_asset_type_choice = (
(0, '防火墙'),
(1, '入侵检测设备'),
(2, '互联网网关'),
(4, '运维审计系统'),
) asset = models.OneToOneField('Asset', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
sub_asset_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=sub_asset_type_choice, default=0, verbose_name="安全设备类型") def __str__(self):
return self.asset.name + "--" + self.get_sub_asset_type_display() + " id:%s" % self.id class Meta:
verbose_name = '安全设备'
verbose_name_plural = "安全设备" class StorageDevice(models.Model):
"""存储设备"""
sub_asset_type_choice = (
(0, '磁盘阵列'),
(1, '网络存储器'),
(2, '磁带库'),
(4, '磁带机'),
) asset = models.OneToOneField('Asset', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
sub_asset_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=sub_asset_type_choice, default=0, verbose_name="存储设备类型") def __str__(self):
return self.asset.name + "--" + self.get_sub_asset_type_display() + " id:%s" % self.id class Meta:
verbose_name = '存储设备'
verbose_name_plural = "存储设备" class NetworkDevice(models.Model):
"""网络设备"""
sub_asset_type_choice = (
(0, '路由器'),
(1, '交换机'),
(2, '负载均衡'),
(4, 'VPN设备'),
) asset = models.OneToOneField('Asset', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
sub_asset_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=sub_asset_type_choice, default=0, verbose_name="网络设备类型") vlan_ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="VLanIP")
intranet_ip = models.GenericIPAddressField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="内网IP") model = models.CharField(max_length=128, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="网络设备型号")
firmware = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="设备固件版本")
port_num = models.SmallIntegerField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="端口个数")
device_detail = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="详细配置") def __str__(self):
return '%s--%s--%s <sn:%s>' % (self.asset.name, self.get_sub_asset_type_display(), self.model, self.asset.sn) class Meta:
verbose_name = '网络设备'
verbose_name_plural = "网络设备" class Software(models.Model):
"""
只保存付费购买的软件
"""
sub_asset_type_choice = (
(0, '操作系统'),
(1, '办公\开发软件'),
(2, '业务软件'),
) sub_asset_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=sub_asset_type_choice, default=0, verbose_name="软件类型")
license_num = models.IntegerField(default=1, verbose_name="授权数量")
version = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True, help_text='例如: CentOS release 6.7 (Final)',
verbose_name='软件/系统版本') def __str__(self):
return '%s--%s' % (self.get_sub_asset_type_display(), self.version) class Meta:
verbose_name = '软件/系统'
verbose_name_plural = "软件/系统" class IDC(models.Model):
"""机房"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True, verbose_name="机房名称")
memo = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='备注') def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = '机房'
verbose_name_plural = "机房" class Manufacturer(models.Model):
"""厂商""" name = models.CharField('厂商名称', max_length=64, unique=True)
telephone = models.CharField('支持电话', max_length=30, blank=True, null=True)
memo = models.CharField('备注', max_length=128, blank=True, null=True) def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = '厂商'
verbose_name_plural = "厂商" class BusinessUnit(models.Model):
"""业务线""" parent_unit = models.ForeignKey('self', blank=True, null=True, related_name='parent_level',
on_delete=models.CASCADE)
name = models.CharField('业务线', max_length=64, unique=True)
memo = models.CharField('备注', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True) def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = '业务线'
verbose_name_plural = "业务线" class Contract(models.Model):
"""合同""" sn = models.CharField('合同号', max_length=128, unique=True)
name = models.CharField('合同名称', max_length=64)
memo = models.TextField('备注', blank=True, null=True)
price = models.IntegerField('合同金额')
detail = models.TextField('合同详细', blank=True, null=True)
start_day = models.DateField('开始日期', blank=True, null=True)
end_day = models.DateField('失效日期', blank=True, null=True)
license_num = models.IntegerField('license数量', blank=True, null=True)
c_day = models.DateField('创建日期', auto_now_add=True)
m_day = models.DateField('修改日期', auto_now=True) def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = '合同'
verbose_name_plural = "合同" class Tag(models.Model):
"""标签"""
name = models.CharField('标签名', max_length=32, unique=True)
c_day = models.DateField('创建日期', auto_now_add=True) def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = '标签'
verbose_name_plural = "标签" class Disk(models.Model):
"""存储设备""" disk_interface_type_choice = (
('SATA', 'SATA'),
('SAS', 'SAS'),
('SCSI', 'SCSI'),
('SSD', 'SSD'),
('unknown', 'unknown'),
) asset = models.ForeignKey('Asset', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
sn = models.CharField('硬盘SN号', max_length=128)
slot = models.CharField('所在插槽位', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)
model = models.CharField('磁盘型号', max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)
manufacturer = models.CharField('磁盘制造商', max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)
capacity = models.FloatField('磁盘容量(GB)', blank=True, null=True)
interface_type = models.CharField('接口类型', max_length=16, choices=disk_interface_type_choice, default='unknown') def __str__(self):
return '%s: %s: %s: %sGB' % (self.asset.name, self.model, self.slot, self.capacity) class Meta:
verbose_name = '硬盘'
verbose_name_plural = "硬盘"
unique_together = ('asset', 'sn') class EventLog(models.Model):
"""
日志.
在关联对象被删除的时候，不能一并删除，需保留日志。
因此，on_delete=models.SET_NULL
""" name = models.CharField('事件名称', max_length=128)
event_type_choice = (
(0, '其它'),
(1, '硬件变更'),
(2, '新增配件'),
(3, '设备下线'),
(4, '设备上线'),
(5, '定期维护'),
(6, '业务上线\更新\变更'),
)
asset = models.ForeignKey('Asset', blank=True, null=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL) # 当资产审批成功时有这项数据
new_asset = models.ForeignKey('NewAssetApprovalZone', blank=True, null=True,
on_delete=models.SET_NULL) # 当资产审批失败时有这项数据
event_type = models.SmallIntegerField('事件类型', choices=event_type_choice, default=4)
component = models.CharField('事件子项', max_length=256, blank=True, null=True)
detail = models.TextField('事件详情')
date = models.DateTimeField('事件时间', auto_now_add=True)
user = models.ForeignKey(User, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='事件执行人',
on_delete=models.SET_NULL) # 自动更新资产数据时没有执行人
memo = models.TextField('备注', blank=True, null=True) def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = '事件纪录'
verbose_name_plural = "事件纪录" class NewAssetApprovalZone(models.Model):
"""新资产待审批区""" sn = models.CharField('资产SN号', max_length=128, unique=True) # 此字段必填
asset_type_choice = (
('server', '服务器'),
('networkdevice', '网络设备'),
('storagedevice', '存储设备'),
('securitydevice', '安全设备'),
('IDC', '机房'),
('software', '软件资产'),
)
asset_type = models.CharField(choices=asset_type_choice, default='server', max_length=64, blank=True, null=True,
verbose_name='资产类型') manufacturer = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='生产厂商')
model = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='型号')
ram_size = models.PositiveIntegerField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='内存大小')
cpu_model = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='CPU型号')
cpu_count = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
cpu_core_count = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
os_distribution = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)
os_type = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=True, null=True)
os_release = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=True, null=True) data = models.TextField('资产数据') # 此字段必填 c_time = models.DateTimeField('汇报日期', auto_now_add=True)
m_time = models.DateTimeField('数据更新日期', auto_now=True)
approved = models.BooleanField('是否批准', default=False) def __str__(self):
return self.sn class Meta:
verbose_name = '新上线待批准资产'
verbose_name_plural = "新上线待批准资产"
ordering = ['-c_time']
报错信息如下：
Django报错处理： SystemCheckError: System check identified some issues: ERRORS:
assets.Asset.admin: (fields.E300) Field defines a relation with model 'User', which is either not installed, or is abstract.
assets.Asset.admin: (fields.E307) The field assets.Asset.admin was declared with a lazy reference to 'assets.user', but app 'assets' doesn't provide model 'user'.
assets.Asset.approved_by: (fields.E300) Field defines a relation with model 'User', which is either not installed, or is abstract.
assets.Asset.approved_by: (fields.E307) The field assets.Asset.approved_by was declared with a lazy reference to 'assets.user', but app 'assets' doesn't provide model 'user'.
assets.EventLog.user: (fields.E300) Field defines a relation with model 'User', which is either not installed, or is abstract.
assets.EventLog.user: (fields.E307) The field assets.EventLog.user was declared with a lazy reference to 'assets.user', but app 'assets' doesn't provide model 'user'.
解决方案：
1、在settings.py中添加如下配置：
SILENCED_SYSTEM_CHECKS = ['fields.E300', 'fields.E307']
2、将models.py文件中的'User'去掉双引号，改为User，具体见下图所示：
3、再次执行数据库迁移操作：
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
4、数据库表完成创建，日志如下：
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