Linux 更换国内源
2024-09-04 00:16:14
1.事件背景
事情起因是因为我想安装xvfb,执行sudo apt-get install xvfb发现安装报错,看报错原因是被墙导致,因为我用的默认源也没有挂代理;然后就百度,发现都是互相抄,什么换阿里源啊,163源、中科源之类,我都试过,并且发现这些源在更新过程会有一些错误或者更新被忽略,导致我再次执行sudo apt-get install -y xvfb报错说未找到包。
我就接着百度,然后有一条评论给了我灵感,既然默认源切换国区可以安装包,那么我把默认域名us.ports.ubuntu.com换成国内的,us代表美国,zh代表中国,我就试了zh.ports.ubuntu.com,发现真的可以!
2. 替换方法
Ps:我使用的系统是Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
1.先对默认源进行备份
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
2.进入默认源编辑
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
3.全局替换
3.1 按ESC键输入:
3.2 粘贴下面批量替换命令
%s/us\./zh\./g
4. 保存后再执行更新源命令
执行完上述操作步骤后再输入你想安装的包,会发现可以安装了!
最后我想吐槽那些原封不动的抄袭者,虽然转载他人文章可以备份,但是当某一天你想上网查找一个问题的解决方法时,发现全网都是同一个答案,还是一模一样的,而想要找到真正有用的答案无异于海底捞针!
3. 完整源文件备份
默认源文件
# # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 18.04.3 LTS _Bionic Beaver_ - Release arm64 (20190805)]/ bionic main restricted #deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 18.04.3 LTS _Bionic Beaver_ - Release arm64 (20190805)]/ bionic main restricted # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted
# deb-src http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic universe
# deb-src http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic universe
deb http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates universe
# deb-src http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates universe ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic multiverse
# deb-src http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic multiverse
deb http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates multiverse ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://us.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security main restricted
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security main restricted
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security universe
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security universe
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security multiverse
修改后国内可用源文件
# # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 18.04.3 LTS _Bionic Beaver_ - Release arm64 (20190805)]/ bionic main restricted #deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 18.04.3 LTS _Bionic Beaver_ - Release arm64 (20190805)]/ bionic main restricted # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted
# deb-src http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic universe
# deb-src http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic universe
deb http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates universe
# deb-src http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates universe ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic multiverse
# deb-src http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic multiverse
deb http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates multiverse ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://zh.ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security main restricted
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security main restricted
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security universe
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security universe
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security multiverse
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