配置好pfile和口令文件后启动数据库到nomount状态下出现错误：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Dec 1 19:23:55 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 9925
ORA-01075: you are currently logged on

Enter user-name:
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied

错误原因：pfile中的两个手工创建的目录是在root下创建的，应该在oracle下创建。