Python(十二) Pythonic与Python杂记

一、导言

二、用字典映射代替switch case语句

# 字典代替 switch 语句

# switch ()

# {

#   case 0 :

#     dayName= 'a';

#     break;

#   case 1 :

#     dayName= 'b';

#     break;

#   case 2 :

#     dayName= 'c';

#     break;

#     ...

#   default :

#     dayName= 'none';

#     break;

# }

def get_a():

    return 'a'

def get_b():

    return 'b'

def get_c():

    return 'c'

def get_default():

    return 'none'

day=2

switcher = {

    0:get_a,

    1:get_b,

    2:get_c

    }

day_name=switcher.get(day, get_default)()

print(day_name)

day_name=switcher.get(6, get_default)()

print(day_name)

结果：

c

none

三、列表推导式

# 列表推导式（根据一个列表推到一个新的列表）list set dict 都可以被推导

a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]

b = [i**3 for i in a]

print(b) # [1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512]

b = [i**3 for i in a if i>=5]

print(b) # [125, 216, 343, 512]

list =[y for x in range(5) for y in range(2)]
print(list) # [0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1]

a = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}

b = {i**3 for i in a}

print(b) # {64, 1, 512, 8, 343, 216, 27, 125}

四、字典如何编写列表推导式

students = {

    '一号':100,

    '二号':90,

    '三号':80

}

b = [key for key, value in students.items()]

print(b) # ['一号', '二号', '三号']

b = {value:key for key, value in students.items()}

print(b) # {100: '一号', 90: '二号', 80: '三号'}

b = (key for key, value in students.items())

print(b) # <generator object <genexpr> at 0x00000187AB059410>

for x in b:

    print(x) 

# 一号

# 二号

# 三号

五、 iterator与generator

六、 None

# None  空 不等于 空字符串 空列表 0 False

a = ''

b = False

c = []

print(a==None)

print(b==None)

print(c==None)

print(type(None))

# False

# False

# False

# <class 'NoneType'>

判断空

a=[] /func() / ''

if a:

if not a:

七、对象存在并不一定是True

None 等于 False

class Test():

    def __len__(self):

        return 0

t = Test()

print(bool(t)) # False

class Test1():

    pass

t = Test1()

print(bool(t)) # True

八、__len__与__bool__内置方法

class Test():

    def __len__(self):

        return 8

    # def __bool__(self):

    #     return 0

print(len(Test())) #

print(bool(Test())) # True

class Test():

    def __len__(self):

        print('len func')

        return 8

    def __bool__(self):

        print('bool func')

        return False

print(bool(Test())) 

# bool func

# False

巴特西

Python(十二) Pythonic与Python杂记

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