MySQL/MariaDB数据库的主主复制
2024-09-04 06:26:29
MySQL/MariaDB数据库的主主复制
作者：尹正杰
版权声明：原创作品，谢绝转载！否则将追究法律责任。
一.主主复制概述
1>.什么是主主复制
所谓的主主复制，说白了就是两台节点互为主从关系。
2>.主主复制考虑要点
由于主主复制，2个MySQL实例均可以进行写操作，需要考虑客户端在Innodb存储引擎中对同一行的操作，以及自动增长id的关系。
3>.主主复制的缺点
由于2个节点都可以进行写操作，很容易产生数据不一致的问题,因此生产环境中咱们得慎用呀！
一般情况下主从复制就够用了,考虑到可用性的话可以对master节点使用keepalived做一个高可用即可~
二.主主复制实战
1>.试验环境说明
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6. (Core)
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# uname -r
3.10.-.el7.x86_64
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# uname -m
x86_64
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: .7G 239M .0G 24M 446M .2G
Swap: .9G 0B .9G
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql --version
mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 5.5.-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点信息
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6. (Core)
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# uname -r
3.10.-.el7.x86_64
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# uname -m
x86_64
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: .7G 245M .9G 8.6M 552M .2G
Swap: .9G 0B .9G
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql --verwsion
mysql: unknown option '--verwsion'
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql --version
mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 5.5.-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点信息
2>.编辑node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点的my.cnf配置文件
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id = #为当前节点设置一个全局惟一的ID号,用于标识当前MySQL实例
binlog_format = row #推荐使用基于行数据的复制
log_bin = /data/mysql/logbin/master- #需要启用二进制日志,生产环境建议和数据文件分开放存放
relay_log = relay-log- #relay log的文件路径，默认值hostname-relay-bin
relay_log_index = relay-log-.index #默认值hostname-relay-bin.index
auto_increment_offset = #指定当前实例自动增长的开始数字
auto_increment_increment = #指定当前实例自动增长的幅度
character-set-server = utf8mb4
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld_safe]
log-error = /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file = /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d [root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
3>.启动node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点的MySQL实例
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mkdir -pv /data/mysql/logbin/ #创建二进制日志存放目录
mkdir: created directory ‘/data’
mkdir: created directory ‘/data/mysql’
mkdir: created directory ‘/data/mysql/logbin/’
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /data/mysql/logbin/
total
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mkdir -pv /data/mysql/logbin/ #创建二进制日志存放目录
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -d /data/mysql/logbin/
drwxr-xr-x root root Nov : /data/mysql/logbin/
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/logbin/ #切记要授权!
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -d /data/mysql/logbin/
drwxr-xr-x mysql mysql Nov : /data/mysql/logbin/
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/logbin/ #切记要授权!
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /data/mysql/logbin/
total
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb #启动数据库
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /data/mysql/logbin/
total
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : master-102.000001
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : master-102.000002
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : master-102.000003
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : master-.index
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : aria_log.
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : aria_log_control
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : ibdata1
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : ib_logfile1
drwx------ mysql mysql Nov : mysql
srwxrwxrwx mysql mysql Nov : mysql.sock
drwx------ mysql mysql Nov : performance_schema
drwx------ mysql mysql Nov : test
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb #启动数据库
4>.在node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点上创建有复制权限的用户账号
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER LOGS;
+-------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+-------------------+-----------+
| master-102.000001 | |
| master-102.000002 | |
| master-102.000003 | |
+-------------------+-----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'copy'@'172.30.1.10%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yinzhengjie';
Query OK, rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER LOGS;
+-------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+-------------------+-----------+
| master-102.000001 | |
| master-102.000002 | |
| master-102.000003 | |
+-------------------+-----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT user,host,password FROM mysql.user;
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | |
| root | node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| root | :: | |
| | localhost | |
| | node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn | |
| copy | 172.30.1.10% | *BD0B1F48FDC55BD27555FC2F22FF29A68A25A1D7 |
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'copy'@'172.30.1.10%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yinzhengjie';
5>.编辑node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点的my.cnf配置文件
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id =
binlog_format = row
log_bin = /data/mysql/logbin/master-
relay_log = relay-log-
relay_log_index = relay-log-.index
auto_increment_offset = #注意这个起始位置不要和node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn配置一样哟
auto_increment_increment =
character-set-server = utf8mb4
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld_safe]
log-error = /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file = /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
6>.启动node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点的MySQL实例
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# install -d /data/mysql/logbin -o mysql -g mysql #创建存放的二进制目录
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -d /data/mysql/logbin/
drwxr-xr-x mysql mysql Nov : /data/mysql/logbin/
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /data/mysql/logbin/
total
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# install -d /data/mysql/logbin -o mysql -g mysql #创建存放的二进制目录
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /data/mysql/logbin/
total
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
total
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : aria_log.
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : aria_log_control
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : ibdata1
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : ib_logfile1
drwx------ mysql mysql Nov : mysql
srwxrwxrwx mysql mysql Nov : mysql.sock
drwx------ mysql mysql Nov : performance_schema
drwx------ mysql mysql Nov : test
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /data/mysql/logbin/
total
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : master-103.000001
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : master-103.000002
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : master-103.000003
-rw-rw---- mysql mysql Nov : master-.index
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start mariadb
7>.配置两节点互为主主节点并验证
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='172.30.1.102',
-> MASTER_USER='copy',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='yinzhengjie',
-> MASTER_PORT=,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-102.000003',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=,
-> MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=;
Query OK, rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW PROCESSLIST;
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+----------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | Progress |
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+----------+
| | root | localhost | NULL | Query | | NULL | SHOW PROCESSLIST | 0.000 |
+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+----------+
row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> START SLAVE;
Query OK, rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW PROCESSLIST\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: root
Host: localhost
db: NULL
Command: Query
Time:
State: NULL
Info: SHOW PROCESSLIST
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time:
State: Waiting for master to send event
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time:
State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.30.1.102
Master_User: copy
Master_Port:
Connect_Retry:
Master_Log_File: master-102.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_File: relay-log-103.000002
Relay_Log_Pos:
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-102.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno:
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter:
Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_Space:
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos:
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master:
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno:
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno:
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id:
row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT user,host,password FROM mysql.user;
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | |
| root | node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| root | :: | |
| | localhost | |
| | node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn | |
| copy | 172.30.1.10% | *BD0B1F48FDC55BD27555FC2F22FF29A68A25A1D7 |
+------+----------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER LOGS;
+-------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+-------------------+-----------+
| master-103.000001 | |
| master-103.000002 | |
| master-103.000003 | |
+-------------------+-----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
配置node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn为node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn从节点详细过程
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW PROCESSLIST\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: root
Host: localhost
db: NULL
Command: Query
Time:
State: NULL
Info: SHOW PROCESSLIST
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: copy
Host: node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
db: NULL
Command: Binlog Dump
Time:
State: Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER LOGS;
+-------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+-------------------+-----------+
| master-102.000001 | |
| master-102.000002 | |
| master-102.000003 | |
+-------------------+-----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
查看node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点的线程数
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW PROCESSLIST\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: root
Host: localhost
db: NULL
Command: Query
Time:
State: NULL
Info: SHOW PROCESSLIST
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time:
State: Waiting for master to send event
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time:
State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
查看node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点的线程数
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE devops;
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> USE devops
Database changed
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> CREATE TABLE students(id INT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,name VARCHAR() NOT NULL,sex ENUM('boy','girl') DEFAULT 'boy',age TINYINT UNSIGNED,mobile CHAR(),address VARCHAR());
Query OK, rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> DESC students;
+---------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int() unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar() | NO | | NULL | |
| sex | enum('boy','girl') | YES | | boy | |
| age | tinyint() unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| mobile | char() | YES | | NULL | |
| address | varchar() | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]> INSERT INTO students SET name='尹正杰',age=,address='北京';
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name | sex | age | mobile | address |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| | 尹正杰 | boy | | NULL | 北京 |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SHOW MASTER LOGS;
+-------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+-------------------+-----------+
| master-102.000001 | |
| master-102.000002 | |
| master-102.000003 | |
+-------------------+-----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-102.000003 | | | |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
在node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn中创建测试数据
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| devops |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> USE devops
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SHOW TABLES;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_devops |
+------------------+
| students |
+------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name | sex | age | mobile | address |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| | 尹正杰 | boy | | NULL | 北京 |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
在node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点上可以看到和node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点一样的数据(配置成功)
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW PROCESSLIST\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: copy
Host: node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
db: NULL
Command: Binlog Dump
Time:
State: Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: root
Host: localhost
db: NULL
Command: Query
Time:
State: NULL
Info: SHOW PROCESSLIST
Progress: 0.000
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='172.30.1.103',
-> MASTER_USER='copy',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='yinzhengjie',
-> MASTER_PORT=,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-103.000003',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=,
-> MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=;
Query OK, rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> START SLAVE;
Query OK, rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW PROCESSLIST\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: copy
Host: node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
db: NULL
Command: Binlog Dump
Time:
State: Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: root
Host: localhost
db: NULL
Command: Query
Time:
State: NULL
Info: SHOW PROCESSLIST
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time:
State: Waiting for master to send event
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time:
State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.30.1.103
Master_User: copy
Master_Port:
Connect_Retry:
Master_Log_File: master-103.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_File: relay-log-102.000002
Relay_Log_Pos:
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-103.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno:
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter:
Exec_Master_Log_Pos:
Relay_Log_Space:
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos:
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master:
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno:
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno:
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id:
row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
配置node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn为node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn从节点详细过程
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW PROCESSLIST\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: copy
Host: node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
db: NULL
Command: Binlog Dump
Time:
State: Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time:
State: Waiting for master to send event
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time:
State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: root
Host: localhost
db: NULL
Command: Query
Time:
State: NULL
Info: SHOW PROCESSLIST
Progress: 0.000
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER LOGS;
+-------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+-------------------+-----------+
| master-102.000001 | |
| master-102.000002 | |
| master-102.000003 | |
+-------------------+-----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
查看node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点的线程数
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW PROCESSLIST\G
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time:
State: Waiting for master to send event
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time:
State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: copy
Host: node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn:
db: NULL
Command: Binlog Dump
Time:
State: Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated
Info: NULL
Progress: 0.000
*************************** . row ***************************
Id:
User: root
Host: localhost
db: NULL
Command: Query
Time:
State: NULL
Info: SHOW PROCESSLIST
Progress: 0.000
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER LOGS;
+-------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+-------------------+-----------+
| master-103.000001 | |
| master-103.000002 | |
| master-103.000003 | |
+-------------------+-----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
查看node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点的线程数
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> USE devops;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SHOW TABLES;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_devops |
+------------------+
| students |
+------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name | sex | age | mobile | address |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
| | 尹正杰 | boy | | NULL | 北京 |
+----+-----------+------+------+--------+---------+
row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> INSERT INTO students SET name='yinzhengjie',age=,address='shanxi';
Query OK, row affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name | sex | age | mobile | address |
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
| | 尹正杰 | boy | | NULL | 北京 |
| | yinzhengjie | boy | | NULL | shanxi |
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
在node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn中创建测试数据
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> USE devops
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SHOW TABLES;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_devops |
+------------------+
| students |
+------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name | sex | age | mobile | address |
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
| | 尹正杰 | boy | | NULL | 北京 |
| | yinzhengjie | boy | | NULL | shanxi |
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
在node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点上可以看到和node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点一样的数据(配置成功)
三.主主复制在生产环境中容易出现的问题刨析
1>.在node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点的操作
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> USE devops
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name | sex | age | mobile | address |
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
| | 尹正杰 | boy | | NULL | 北京 |
| | yinzhengjie | boy | | NULL | shanxi |
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> INSERT INTO students (name,age,mobile,address) VALUES ('Jason Yin',,,'beijing'),('Jay','',,'Taiwan'); #我们同时往表里插入2条记录
Query OK, rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: Duplicates: Warnings: MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students; #不难发现，node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn自动增长是基于奇数的
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name | sex | age | mobile | address |
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
| | 尹正杰 | boy | | NULL | 北京 |
| | yinzhengjie | boy | | NULL | shanxi |
| | Jason Yin | boy | | | beijing |
| | Jay | boy | | | Taiwan |
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node102.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
2>.在node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn节点的操作
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> USE devops
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed
MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students; #我们可以发现数据已经同步过来啦！
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
| id | name | sex | age | mobile | address |
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
| | 尹正杰 | boy | | NULL | 北京 |
| | yinzhengjie | boy | | NULL | shanxi |
| | Jason Yin | boy | | | beijing |
| | Jay | boy | | | Taiwan |
+----+-------------+------+------+--------+---------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> INSERT students (age,sex,name,mobile,address) VALUES (,'girl','Gloria Tang Tsz-Kei',null,'Hong Kong'); #我们再次插入一条记录
Query OK, row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> SELECT * FROM students; #我们发现新添加的记录自动增长ID竟然跳过了4,而是直接使用6，起始原因在于在添加记录之前就已经存在最大id数字5啦，虽说自动增长的id依旧是偶数,但这个问题我们得考虑一下哟~
+----+---------------------+------+------+--------+-----------+
| id | name | sex | age | mobile | address |
+----+---------------------+------+------+--------+-----------+
| | 尹正杰 | boy | | NULL | 北京 |
| | yinzhengjie | boy | | NULL | shanxi |
| | Jason Yin | boy | | | beijing |
| | Jay | boy | | | Taiwan |
| | Gloria Tang Tsz-Kei | girl | | NULL | Hong Kong |
+----+---------------------+------+------+--------+-----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [devops]>
MariaDB [devops]> QUIT
Bye
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node103.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
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