def txt_writer():

     """写文件"""

     with open('data.txt', 'w', encoding='utf8') as f:

         f.write('优品课堂\n')

         lines = [

             '地址：北京市\n',

             'QQ:95001678\n',

             '网址：http://uke.cc'

         ]

         f.writelines(lines)

 def txt_read():

     """读文件"""

     # open中省略'r',也可以

     with open('data.txt', encoding='utf8') as f:

         # 两种方式读取文件

         # for line in f:

         #     print(line, end='')

         reader = f.readlines()  # 这个与f.writelines对应

         print(reader)

 if __name__ == '__main__':

     txt_read()

 import json  # 调用json库不可少

 def json_basic():

     data = {

         "ID": 1,

         "课程": "Python精讲",

         "机构": "优品课堂",

         "单价": 98.00,

         "网址": "http://codr.cn"

     }

     print('原始数据')

     print(data)

     print('_  ' * 20)

     json_str = json.dumps(data)

     print(json_str)

     print('_  ' * 20)

     json_data = json.loads(json_str)

     print(json_data)

 def json_write_file():

     """写json文档"""

     data = {

         "ID": 1,

         "课程": "Python精讲",

         "机构": "优品课堂",

         "单价": 98.00,

         "网址": "http://codr.cn"

     }

     with open('data.json', 'w', encoding='utf8') as f:

         json.dump(data, f)  # 向文件存储数据

 def json_read_file():

     """读取json文件"""

     with open('data.json', 'r', encoding='utf8') as f:

         data = json.load(f)  # 加载文件中的数据

         print(data)

 def json_type_diff():

     """类型差异"""

     # print(json.dumps(False))

     data = {

         'Discontinued': False,  # 在json下False为false

         'Tilte': 'iphone7s',

         'category': None,  # 在json下None为none

         'Price': 5999.00

     }

     print(json.dumps(data))

 # {"Discontinued": false, "Tilte": "iphone7s", "category": null, "Price": 5999.0}

 if __name__ == '__main__':

     # json_basic()

     # json_write_file()

     # json_read_file()

     json_type_diff()

 import xlrd

 def xl_read():

     """excel读取"""

     book = xlrd.open_workbook('product.xlsx')

     for sheet in book.sheets():  # 读取Excel表里的工作簿在表的下方sheet里

         print(sheet.name)        # 这里sheet的别名不能出现空格

 def xl_read_data():

     """读取数据"""

     # 用xlrd.open_workbook('文件名.xlxs')方式打开Excel文件

     book = xlrd.open_workbook('product.xlsx')

     sheet = book.sheet_by_name("product")

     print('工作簿:{}'.format(sheet.name))

     print('数据行数:{}'.format(sheet.nrows))

     print("产品数据")

     print("=" * 50)

     for i in range(sheet.nrows):

         print(sheet.row_values(i))  # 获取索引指定的数据行

 if __name__ == '__main__':

     # xl_read()

     xl_read_data()

 import csv  # 调用csv库是不可少的

 """先运行csv_write部分即写入csv文件"""

 """这是csv文件的基本操作"""

 def csv_reader():

     """读取csv"""

     with open('my_course2.csv', encoding='utf8') as f:

         reader = csv.reader(f)  # 以列表的方式读取赋值给reader

         # reader = csv.DictReader(f)  # 以顺序字典表的方式读取赋值给reader

         headers = next(reader)  # 用next迭代方式打印

         print(headers)

         for row in reader:

             print(row)

 def csv_write():

     """写入csv文件"""

     """"先创建写的内容"""

     headers = ["编号", "课程", "讲师"]

     # 不能忘记每一行后面的“，”

     rows = [

         (1, "Python", "Eason"),

         (2, "c#", "Eason"),

         (3, "Django", "Eason"),

         (4, ".NET", "Eason")

     ]

     """newline=''是为了写入文件的每一行不要有空行"""

     with open('my_course.csv', 'w', encoding='utf8', newline='') as f:

         writer = csv.writer(f)

         writer.writerow(headers)  # 写入标头

         writer.writerows(rows)   # 写入标头以下行writerows比上一行多个s

 def csv_writer_dict():

     """以dict形式写入csv"""

     """"先创建写的内容"""

     headers = ["ID", "Title", "org", "Url"]

     # 不能忘记每一行后面的“，”

     rows = [

         {'ID': 1, 'Title': 'Python', 'org': 'youpinketang', 'Url': 'http://uke.cc'},

         {'ID': 2, 'Title': 'Python', 'org': 'youpinketang', 'Url': 'http://uke.cc'},

         {'ID': 3, 'Title': 'Python', 'org': 'youpinketang', 'Url': 'http://uke.cc'},

         {'ID': 4, 'Title': 'Python', 'org': 'youpinketang', 'Url': 'http://uke.cc'},

         dict(ID=5, Title='C#', org='youpinketang', Url='http://codr.cn'),

         dict(ID=6, Title='C#', org='youpinketang', Url='http://codr.cn')

     ]

     """通过with... as ...形式方便程序进程管理"""

     with open('my_course2.csv', 'w', encoding='utf8', newline='') as f:

         writer = csv.DictWriter(f, headers)  # 以字典表的形式写入文件

         writer.writeheader()  # 写入第一行标头

         writer.writerows(rows)  # 写入标头行以下行

 if __name__ == '__main__':

     # csv_write()

     csv_reader()

     # csv_writer_dict()