//备份

    public void doBackup() {

        Date currentTime = new Date();

        System.out.println("当前时间是：" + new Date());

        Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();

        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd_HH-mm-ss");

        String sdfDate = sdf.format(currentTime);

        //备份到的目标文件

        String filePath = "E:\\temporary\\time_" + sdfDate + ".sql";

        //要执行的命令（%dwz%是环境变量值）

        String cmdStr = "%dwz%mysqldump --defaults-extra-file=%dwz%..\\my.ini charm_village > " + filePath;

        try {

            String[] cmd = {"CMD", "/C", cmdStr};

            String[] path = {"dwz=E:\\dwz-software\\mysql-5.7.27-winx64\\bin\\"};

            //执行外部程序

            Process process = runtime.exec(cmd, path);

            InputStream errorStream = process.getErrorStream();

            //获取命令执行时的错误信息

            System.err.println(IOUtils.toString(errorStream, "UTF-8"));

            //阻塞当前线程，并等待外部程序中止后获取结果码

            int exitVal  = process.waitFor();

            if(exitVal == 0) {

                System.out.println("数据库备份成功！");

            }

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }