DRF-视图类组件

补充

　　　　　　　GET
　　　　books-------->查看数据--------------------> 返回所有数据列表：[{},{},{}]
　　　　　　POST
　　　　books-------->添加数据--------------------->返回添加数据：{}
　　　　　　PUT
　　　　books/1------->更新pk=1的数据--------------->返回更新后的数据: {}
　　　　　　Delete
　　　　books/1-------> 删除pk=1的数据-------------->返回空
　　　　　　GET
　　　　books/1------->查看单条数据 --------------->返回查看的单条数据 {}

普通版

缺点:缺点再实际工作中我们可能建多个表，导致代码过于冗余，所以我们要进行进一步封装。

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

from django.views import View

# Create your views here.

# 导入djangorestframework

# 当前访问视图类下设置解析方式

from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser

from rest_framework.views import APIView

from app01.models import *

from rest_framework import serializers

from rest_framework.response import Response

class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:

        model=Book

        # fields=["title","price"]

        fields="__all__"

    def get_authors(self,obj):

        ret=[]

        for i in obj.authors.all():

            ret.append(i.name)

        return ret

class LoginView(APIView):

    parser_classes = [JSONParser]

    def get(self,request):

        book_list = Book.objects.all()

        serializer = BookSerializer(book_list,many=True)

        return Response(serializer.data)

    def post(self,request):

        print('body',request.body)

        print(request.data)

        print('data',request.data)

        return HttpResponse('OK')

class SLoginView(APIView):

    def get(self,request,id):

        my_obj = Book.objects.get(pk=id)

        serializer = BookSerializer(my_obj, many=False)

        return Response(serializer.data)

        pass

    def put(self,request,id):

        my_obj = Book.objects.get(pk=id)

        serializer = BookSerializer(data=request.data,instance=my_obj)

        if serializer.is_valid():

            serializer.save()

            return Response(serializer.data)

        else:

            return Response(serializer.errors)

    def delete(self,request,id):

        my_obj = Book.objects.get(pk=id).delete()

        return Response("")

第一步封装---对里面的数据操作进行封装

url中

url(r'^authors/$', views.AuthorsView.as_view()),

url(r'^authors/(?P<pk>\d+)/', views.SAuthorsView.as_view()),

视图函数中

from rest_framework import generics

from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin,CreateModelMixin,UpdateModelMixin,DestroyModelMixin,RetrieveModelMixin

from rest_framework import generics

class PublishView(ListModelMixin,CreateModelMixin,generics.GenericAPIView):

    queryset = Publish.objects.all()

    serializer_class = PublishSerializer

    def get(self,request, *args, **kwargs):

        return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def post(self,request, *args, **kwargs):

        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)

class SPublishView(UpdateModelMixin,DestroyModelMixin,RetrieveModelMixin,generics.GenericAPIView):

    queryset = Publish.objects.all()

    serializer_class = PublishSerializer

    def get(self,request, *args, **kwargs):

        return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)

第二步封装，对两个类中的方法进行封装，然后把两个视图合为一个视图再进行封装

url中

    url(r'^authors/$', views.AuthorsView.as_view({"get":"list","post":"create"})),

    url(r'^authors/(?P<pk>\d+)/', views.AuthorsView.as_view({"get":"retrieve","delete":"destroy","put":"update"})),

视图中

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet

class AuthorsView(ModelViewSet):

    queryset = Author.objects.all()

    serializer_class = AuthorSerializer

对封装后的视图类组件的源码解析

1 启动Django，执行AuthorsView.as_view 找继承最近的as_view

    url(r'^authors/$', views.AuthorsView.as_view({"get":"list","post":"create"})),

    url(r'^authors/(?P<pk>\d+)/', views.AuthorsView.as_view({"get":"retrieve","delete":"destroy","put":"update"})),

2 在AuthorsView，下找as_view方法

        class AuthorsView(ModelViewSet):

            queryset = Author.objects.all()

            erializer_class = AuthorSerializer

    没找到，去父类ModelViewSet下找

3 在ModelViewSet，下找as_view方法

    class ModelViewSet(mixins.CreateModelMixin,

                   mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,

                   mixins.UpdateModelMixin,

                   mixins.DestroyModelMixin,

                   mixins.ListModelMixin,

                   GenericViewSet):pass

    没找到，去父类GenericViewSet下找

4 在GenericViewSet，下找as_view方法

    class GenericViewSet(ViewSetMixin, generics.GenericAPIView):pass

    没找到，去父类ViewSetMixin下找

//******找到我们要的as_view方法

5 在ViewSetMixin，下找as_view方法，我们找到了as_view()

    class ViewSetMixin(object):

        @classonlymethod

        # *****这里我们把url中的as_view参数{"get":"retrieve","delete":"destroy","put":"update"}传给了actions,开始关注actions

        def as_view(cls, actions=None, **initkwargs):

            def view(request, *args, **kwargs):

                for method, action in actions.items():

                    handler = getattr(self, action)

                    setattr(self, method, handler)

                return    self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

            return csrf_exempt(view)

        我们找到了as_view() 然后返回view

        // ******这里开始浏览器请求数据

        当浏览器访问时我们执行view()

            handler = getattr(self, action) 我们得到self.retrieve 这个方法

            setattr(self, method, handler)  我们self.get = self.retrieve 我们把方法赋给相应的请求

            return    self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs) 这里我们又回到APIview下的内容分发了

6 在APIview中的dispatch中

    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        # *****进行内容分发，self.get，self.put...由于在步骤5我们又对他们进行了赋值，相当于self.retrieve,self.update...

        handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(),self.http_method_not_allowed)

        # 这里执行函数retrieve().......

        response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)

        return self.response

巴特西

DRF-视图类组件

补充

普通版

第一步封装---对里面的数据操作进行封装

第二步封装，对两个类中的方法进行封装，然后把两个视图合为一个视图再进行封装

对封装后的视图类组件的源码解析

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