C#多线程---Task实现异步
2024-09-07 06:32:57
一、场景
使用Task来进行累加操作。
二、例子-Task使用
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Text;
5 using System.Threading;
6 using System.Threading.Tasks;
7
8 namespace AsyncTask
9 {
10 class Program
11 {
12 static void Main(string[] args)
13 {
14 Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.DarkGreen;
15 PrintThreadInfo("Print info in Main");
16 Console.ResetColor();
17 Console.WriteLine();
18 Task<int> myTask = new Task<int>(loop => AsyncMethod((int)loop), 10);
19 myTask.Start();
20 Console.WriteLine($"Result is: {myTask.Result}");//myTask.Result会阻塞当前调用线程
21 Console.WriteLine("Done!");
22 }
23 private static int AsyncMethod(int loopNum)
24 {
25 PrintThreadInfo("Print info in AsyncMethod");
26 int mySum = 0;
27 for(int i = 0; i < loopNum; i++)
28 {
29 mySum += i;
30 Thread.Sleep(1000);
31 }
32 return mySum;
33 }
34 private static void PrintThreadInfo(string info)
35 {
36 Console.WriteLine(info);
37 Console.WriteLine($"ThreadId:{Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId}\nIsBackgroundThread:{Thread.CurrentThread.IsBackground}\nIsThreadPoolThread:{Thread.CurrentThread.IsThreadPoolThread}");
38 int workerThread = 0;
39 int ioThread = 0;
40 ThreadPool.GetMaxThreads(out workerThread, out ioThread);
41 Console.WriteLine($"MaxWorkerThread:{workerThread}\nMaxIoThread:{ioThread}");
42 int workerThreadAvailable = 0;
43 int ioThreadAvailable = 0;
44 ThreadPool.GetAvailableThreads(out workerThreadAvailable, out ioThreadAvailable);
45 Console.WriteLine($"AvailableWorkerThread:{workerThreadAvailable}\nAvailableIoThread:{ioThreadAvailable}");
46 }
47 }
48 }
注：myTask.Result会阻塞当前调用线程
运行结果如下：
三、例子-Task取消
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Text;
5 using System.Threading;
6 using System.Threading.Tasks;
7
8 namespace AsyncTask
9 {
10 class Program
11 {
12 static void Main(string[] args)
13 {
14 Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.DarkGreen;
15 PrintThreadInfo("Print info in Main");
16 Console.ResetColor();
17 Console.WriteLine();
18 CancellationTokenSource cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
19 Task<int> myTask = new Task<int>(loop => AsyncMethod((int)loop,cts.Token), 10);
20 myTask.Start();
21
22 //Thread.Sleep(3000);
23 //cts.Cancel();
24 cts.CancelAfter(3 * 1000);
25 Console.WriteLine($"Result is: {myTask.Result}");//myTask.Result会阻塞当前调用线程
26 Console.WriteLine("Done!");
27 }
28 private static int AsyncMethod(int loopNum, CancellationToken ct)
29 {
30 PrintThreadInfo("Print info in AsyncMethod");
31 int mySum = 0;
32 try {
33 for (int i = 0; i < loopNum; i++)
34 {
35 ct.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
36 mySum += i;
37 Thread.Sleep(1000);
38 }
39 }
40 catch(Exception e)
41 {
42 Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
43 Console.WriteLine("Exception type:" + e.GetType().Name);
44 Console.WriteLine("Operation is Canceled");
45 Console.ResetColor();
46 }
47 return mySum;
48 }
49 private static void PrintThreadInfo(string info)
50 {
51 Console.WriteLine(info);
52 Console.WriteLine($"ThreadId:{Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId}\nIsBackgroundThread:{Thread.CurrentThread.IsBackground}\nIsThreadPoolThread:{Thread.CurrentThread.IsThreadPoolThread}");
53 int workerThread = 0;
54 int ioThread = 0;
55 ThreadPool.GetMaxThreads(out workerThread, out ioThread);
56 Console.WriteLine($"MaxWorkerThread:{workerThread}\nMaxIoThread:{ioThread}");
57 int workerThreadAvailable = 0;
58 int ioThreadAvailable = 0;
59 ThreadPool.GetAvailableThreads(out workerThreadAvailable, out ioThreadAvailable);
60 Console.WriteLine($"AvailableWorkerThread:{workerThreadAvailable}\nAvailableIoThread:{ioThreadAvailable}");
61 }
62 }
63 }
运行结果如下：
四、例子-Task工厂
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Text;
5 using System.Threading;
6 using System.Threading.Tasks;
7
8 namespace AsyncTask
9 {
10 class Program
11 {
12 static void Main(string[] args)
13 {
14 Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.DarkGreen;
15 PrintThreadInfo("Print info in Main");
16 Console.ResetColor();
17 Console.WriteLine();
18 CancellationTokenSource cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
19 //Task<int> myTask = new Task<int>(loop => AsyncMethod((int)loop,cts.Token), 10);
20 //myTask.Start();
21
22 Task<int> myTask = Task.Factory.StartNew(loop => AsyncMethod((int)loop, cts.Token), 10);
23
24 //Thread.Sleep(3000);
25 //cts.Cancel();
26 cts.CancelAfter(3 * 1000);
27 Console.WriteLine($"Result is: {myTask.Result}");//myTask.Result会阻塞当前调用线程
28 Console.WriteLine("Done!");
29 }
30 private static int AsyncMethod(int loopNum, CancellationToken ct)
31 {
32 PrintThreadInfo("Print info in AsyncMethod");
33 int mySum = 0;
34 try {
35 for (int i = 0; i < loopNum; i++)
36 {
37 ct.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
38 mySum += i;
39 Thread.Sleep(1000);
40 }
41 }
42 catch(Exception e)
43 {
44 Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
45 Console.WriteLine("Exception type:" + e.GetType().Name);
46 Console.WriteLine("Operation is Canceled");
47 Console.ResetColor();
48 }
49 return mySum;
50 }
51 private static void PrintThreadInfo(string info)
52 {
53 Console.WriteLine(info);
54 Console.WriteLine($"ThreadId:{Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId}\nIsBackgroundThread:{Thread.CurrentThread.IsBackground}\nIsThreadPoolThread:{Thread.CurrentThread.IsThreadPoolThread}");
55 int workerThread = 0;
56 int ioThread = 0;
57 ThreadPool.GetMaxThreads(out workerThread, out ioThread);
58 Console.WriteLine($"MaxWorkerThread:{workerThread}\nMaxIoThread:{ioThread}");
59 int workerThreadAvailable = 0;
60 int ioThreadAvailable = 0;
61 ThreadPool.GetAvailableThreads(out workerThreadAvailable, out ioThreadAvailable);
62 Console.WriteLine($"AvailableWorkerThread:{workerThreadAvailable}\nAvailableIoThread:{ioThreadAvailable}");
63 }
64 }
65 }
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