题意:给一个n*m的地图,'m'表示人,'H'表示房子,求所有人都回到房子所走的距离之和的最小值(距离为曼哈顿距离)。

思路:比较明显的二分图最大权匹配模型,将每个人向房子连一条边,边权为曼哈顿距离的相反数(由于是求最小,所以先取反后求最大,最后再取反回来即可),然后用KM算法跑一遍然后取反就是答案。还可以用最小费用最大流做,方法是:从源点向每个人连一条边,容量为1,费用为0,从每个房子向汇点连一条边,容量为1,费用为0,从每个人向每个房子连一条边,容量为1,费用为曼哈顿距离的值,建好图后跑一遍最小费用最大流就是答案。

附上代码:(1)KM算法,40ms左右 (2)最小费用最大流,400+ms

(1)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
/* ******************************************************************************** */
#include <iostream>                                                                 //
#include <cstdio>                                                                   //
#include <cmath>                                                                    //
#include <cstdlib>                                                                  //
#include <cstring>                                                                  //
#include <vector>                                                                   //
#include <ctime>                                                                    //
#include <deque>                                                                    //
#include <queue>                                                                    //
#include <algorithm>                                                                //
#include <map>                                                                      //
#include <cmath>                                                                    //
using namespace std;                                                                //
                                                                                    //
#define pb push_back                                                                //
#define mp make_pair                                                                //
#define X first                                                                     //
#define Y second                                                                    //
#define all(a) (a).begin(), (a).end()                                               //
#define fillchar(a, x) memset(a, x, sizeof(a))                                      //
                                                                                    //
void RI(vector<int>&a,int n){a.resize(n);for(int i=0;i<n;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);}    //
void RI(){}void RI(int&X){scanf("%d",&X);}template<typename...R>                    //
void RI(int&f,R&...r){RI(f);RI(r...);}void RI(int*p,int*q){int d=p<q?1:-1;          //
while(p!=q){scanf("%d",p);p+=d;}}void print(){cout<<endl;}template<typename T>      //
void print(const T t){cout<<t<<endl;}template<typename F,typename...R>              //
void print(const F f,const R...r){cout<<f<<", ";print(r...);}template<typename T>   //
void print(T*p, T*q){int d=p<q?1:-1;while(p!=q){cout<<*p<<", ";p+=d;}cout<<endl;}   //
                                                                                    //
typedef pair<intint> pii;                                                         //
typedef long long ll;                                                               //
typedef unsigned long long ull;                                                     //
                                                                                    //
template<typename T>bool umax(T&a, const T&b){return b<=a?false:(a=b,true);}        //
template<typename T>bool umin(T&a, const T&b){return b>=a?false:(a=b,true);}        //
template<typename T>                                                                //
void V2A(T a[],const vector<T>&b){for(int i=0;i<b.size();i++)a[i]=b[i];}            //
template<typename T>                                                                //
void A2V(vector<T>&a,const T b[]){for(int i=0;i<a.size();i++)a[i]=b[i];}            //
                                                                                    //
const double PI = acos(-1);                                                         //
                                                                                    //
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
struct KM {
    const static int INF = 1e9 + 7;
    const static int maxn = 1e3 + 7;
    int A[maxn], B[maxn];
    int visA[maxn], visB[maxn];
    int match[maxn], slack[maxn], Map[maxn][maxn];
    int M, H;
 
    void add(int u, int v, int w) {
        Map[u][v] = w;
    }
    bool find_path ( int i ) {
        visA[i] = true;
        for int j = 0; j < H; j++ ) {
            if ( !visB[j] && A[i] + B[j] == Map[i][j] ) {
                visB[j] = true;
                if (match[j] == -1 || find_path(match[j])) {
                    match[j] = i;
                    return true;
                }
            else if ( A[i] + B[j] > Map[i][j] ) //j属于B,且不在交错路径中
                slack[j] = min(slack[j], A[i] + B[j] - Map[i][j]);
        }
        return false;
    }
 
    int solve (int M, int H) {
        this->M = M; this->H = H;
        int i, j, d;
        memset(A, 0, sizeof(A));
        memset(B, 0, sizeof(B));
        memset(match, -1, sizeof(match));
        for ( i = 0; i < M; i++ )
            for ( j = 0; j < H; j++ )
                A[i] = max (Map[i][j], A[i]);
        for ( i = 0; i < M; i++ ) {
            for ( j = 0; j < H; j++ )
                slack[j] = INF;
            while ( 1 ) {
                memset(visA, 0, sizeof(visA));
                memset(visB, 0, sizeof(visB));
                if ( find_path ( i ) ) break//从i点出发找到交错路径则跳出循环
                for ( d = INF, j = 0; j < H; j++ ) //取最小的slack[j]
                    if (!visB[j] && d > slack[j]) d = slack[j];
                for ( j = 0; j < M; j++ ) //集合A中位于交错路径上的-d
                    if ( visA[j] ) A[j] -= d;
                for ( j = 0; j < H; j++ ) //集合B中位于交错路径上的+d
                    if ( visB[j] ) B[j] += d;
                    else slack[j] -= d; //注意修改不在交错路径上的slack[j]
            }
        }
        int res = 0;
        for ( j = 0; j < H; j++ )
            if (~match[j]) res += Map[match[j]][j];
        return res;
    }
};//点从0开始编号
KM solver;
vector<pii> H, M;
 
int dist(pii a, pii b) {
    return abs(a.X - b.X) + abs(a.Y - b.Y);
}
 
int main() {
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
    freopen("in.txt""r", stdin);
#endif // ONLINE_JUDGE
    int n, m;
    while (cin >> n >> m, n || m) {
        H.clear();
        M.clear();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
            char s[123];
            scanf("%s", s);
            for (int j = 0; s[j]; j ++) {
                if (s[j] == 'H') H.pb(mp(i, j));
                if (s[j] == 'm') M.pb(mp(i, j));
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < H.size(); i ++) {
            for(int j = 0; j < M.size(); j ++) {
                solver.add(i, j, -dist(H[i], M[j]));
            }
        }
        cout << -solver.solve(H.size(), M.size()) << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}
/* ******************************************************************************** */

(2)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
/* ******************************************************************************** */
#include <iostream>                                                                 //
#include <cstdio>                                                                   //
#include <cmath>                                                                    //
#include <cstdlib>                                                                  //
#include <cstring>                                                                  //
#include <vector>                                                                   //
#include <ctime>                                                                    //
#include <deque>                                                                    //
#include <queue>                                                                    //
#include <algorithm>                                                                //
#include <map>                                                                      //
#include <cmath>                                                                    //
using namespace std;                                                                //
                                                                                    //
#define pb push_back                                                                //
#define mp make_pair                                                                //
#define X first                                                                     //
#define Y second                                                                    //
#define all(a) (a).begin(), (a).end()                                               //
#define fillchar(a, x) memset(a, x, sizeof(a))                                      //
                                                                                    //
void RI(vector<int>&a,int n){a.resize(n);for(int i=0;i<n;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);}    //
void RI(){}void RI(int&X){scanf("%d",&X);}template<typename...R>                    //
void RI(int&f,R&...r){RI(f);RI(r...);}void RI(int*p,int*q){int d=p<q?1:-1;          //
while(p!=q){scanf("%d",p);p+=d;}}void print(){cout<<endl;}template<typename T>      //
void print(const T t){cout<<t<<endl;}template<typename F,typename...R>              //
void print(const F f,const R...r){cout<<f<<", ";print(r...);}template<typename T>   //
void print(T*p, T*q){int d=p<q?1:-1;while(p!=q){cout<<*p<<", ";p+=d;}cout<<endl;}   //
                                                                                    //
typedef pair<intint> pii;                                                         //
typedef long long ll;                                                               //
typedef unsigned long long ull;                                                     //
                                                                                    //
template<typename T>bool umax(T&a, const T&b){return b<=a?false:(a=b,true);}        //
template<typename T>bool umin(T&a, const T&b){return b>=a?false:(a=b,true);}        //
template<typename T>                                                                //
void V2A(T a[],const vector<T>&b){for(int i=0;i<b.size();i++)a[i]=b[i];}            //
template<typename T>                                                                //
void A2V(vector<T>&a,const T b[]){for(int i=0;i<a.size();i++)a[i]=b[i];}            //
                                                                                    //
const double PI = acos(-1);                                                         //
                                                                                    //
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
struct MCMF {
    const static int INF = 1e9 + 7;
    const static int maxn = 1e5 + 7;
    struct Edge {
        int from, to, cap, cost;
        Edge(int u, int v, int w, int c): from(u), to(v), cap(w), cost(c) {}
    };
    int n, s, t;
    vector<Edge> edges;
    vector<int> G[maxn];
    int inq[maxn], d[maxn], p[maxn], a[maxn];
 
    void init(int n) {
        this->n = n;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i ++) G[i].clear();
        edges.clear();
    }
    void add(int from, int to, int cap, int cost) {
        edges.push_back(Edge(from, to, cap, cost));
        edges.push_back(Edge(to, from, 0, -cost));
        int m = edges.size();
        G[from].push_back(m - 2);
        G[to].push_back(m - 1);
    }
    bool BellmanFord(int s, int t, int &flow, int &cost) {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i ++) d[i] = INF;
        memset(inq, 0, sizeof(inq));
        d[s] = 0; inq[s] = 1; p[s] = 0; a[s] = INF;
 
        queue<int> Q;
        Q.push(s);
        while (!Q.empty()) {
            int u = Q.front(); Q.pop();
            inq[u] = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < G[u].size(); i ++) {
                Edge &e = edges[G[u][i]];
                if (e.cap && d[e.to] > d[u] + e.cost) {
                    d[e.to] = d[u] + e.cost;
                    p[e.to] = G[u][i];
                    a[e.to] = min(a[u], e.cap);
                    if (!inq[e.to]) {
                        Q.push(e.to);
                        inq[e.to] = 1;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (d[t] == INF) return false;
        flow += a[t];
        cost += d[t] * a[t];
        int u = t;
        while (u != s) {
            edges[p[u]].cap -= a[t];
            edges[p[u] ^ 1].cap += a[t];
            u = edges[p[u]].from;
        }
        return true;
    }
    int solve(int s, int t) {
        int flow = 0, cost = 0;
        while (BellmanFord(s, t, flow, cost));
        return cost;
    }
};
MCMF solver;
vector<pii> H, M;
 
int dist(pii a, pii b) {
    return abs(a.X - b.X) + abs(a.Y - b.Y);
}
 
int main() {
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
    freopen("in.txt""r", stdin);
#endif // ONLINE_JUDGE
    int n, m;
    while (cin >> n >> m, n || m) {
        solver.init(207);
        H.clear();
        M.clear();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i ++) {
            char s[123];
            scanf("%s", s);
            for (int j = 0; s[j]; j ++) {
                if (s[j] == 'H') H.pb(mp(i, j));
                if (s[j] == 'm') M.pb(mp(i, j));
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < H.size(); i ++) solver.add(0, i + 1, 1, 0);
        for (int i = 0; i < M.size(); i ++) solver.add(101 + i, 201, 1, 0);
        for (int i = 0; i < H.size(); i ++) {
            for(int j = 0; j < M.size(); j ++) {
                solver.add(i + 1, 101 + j, 1, dist(H[i], M[j]));
            }
        }
        cout << solver.solve(0, 201) << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}
/* ******************************************************************************** */

最新文章

  1. [LeetCode] Course Schedule II 课程清单之二
  2. assign()
  3. java selenium (九) 常见web UI 元素操作 及API使用
  4. Redis系列四之复制
  5. JS定时器
  6. Python2.7&lt;--------&gt;Python3.x
  7. map函数
  8. codevs1227 方格取数2 注意数组啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊
  9. 要心中有“数”——C语言初学者代码中的常见错误与瑕疵(8)
  10. Hadoop 开源调度系统zeus(二)
  11. 分布式Session共享(二):tomcat+memcached实现session共享
  12. SQL2008 &#39;OFFSET&#39; 附近有语法错误。 在 FETCH 语句中选项 NEXT 的用法无效。
  13. POJ 1300 Door Man - from lanshui_Yang
  14. TestNg框架基础入门
  15. 第二天:python的函 数、循环和条件、类
  16. Linux updatedb命令详解
  17. unix下ksh获取昨天的日期
  18. [LeetCode] 506. Relative Ranks_Easy tag: Sort
  19. 英文名为什么最好不用joe?JOE英文名的寓意是什么?
  20. 【DevExpress v17.2新功能预告】DevExpress ASP.NET Scheduler新的自适应功能

热门文章

  1. 小L的直线
  2. google protobuf c++ 反射
  3. vim环境下空格和tab键互换
  4. linux上Docker安装gogs私服
  5. .NET Core 3 WPF MVVM框架 Prism系列文章索引
  6. Asp.Net Core 3.1 学习3、Web Api 中基于JWT的token验证及Swagger使用
  7. Java 理解类加载过程 -- 自定义加载器
  8. nginx history路由模式时,页面返回404重定向index.html
  9. 五分钟秒懂机器学习混淆矩阵、ROC和AUC
  10. Codeforces Round #635 (Div. 2) 题解