kvm初体验之三：vm的安装及管理

Host: CentOS release 6.4 (Final)

Guest: CentOS release 6.6 (Final)

全程以root身份操作

1. host上创建桥br0

参考《KVM Virtualization in RHEL 6 Made Easy》2.6 Networking

我的/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0文件内容为：

DEVICE=br0

BOOTPROTO=dhcp

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

NM_CONTROLLED=no

ONBOOT=yes

TYPE=Bridge

DELAY=

我的/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0文件内容为：

DEVICE=eth0

TYPE=Ethernet

UUID=20008b30-343b--b908-af2b0ca5b545

ONBOOT=yes

NM_CONTROLLED=no

BOOTPROTO=dhcp

HWADDR=3C::0E:5C:E4:2E

DNS1=192.168.1.1

BRIDGE=br0

重启network服务后，ifconfig出现br0接口，并且br0获取到了IP：

[root@tanghuimin ~]# ifconfig

br0       Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 3C::0E:5C:E4:2E

          inet addr:192.168.1.6  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

          inet6 addr: fe80::3e97:eff:fe5c:e42e/ Scope:Link

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:

          RX packets: errors: dropped: overruns: frame:

          TX packets: errors: dropped: overruns: carrier:

          collisions: txqueuelen:

          RX bytes: (39.3 MiB)  TX bytes: (1.4 MiB)

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 3C::0E:5C:E4:2E

          inet6 addr: fe80::3e97:eff:fe5c:e42e/ Scope:Link

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:

          RX packets: errors: dropped: overruns: frame:

          TX packets: errors: dropped: overruns: carrier:

          collisions: txqueuelen:

          RX bytes: (39.7 MiB)  TX bytes: (1.4 MiB)

          Interrupt: Memory:f2500000-f2520000 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback

          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

          inet6 addr: ::/ Scope:Host

          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:  Metric:

          RX packets: errors: dropped: overruns: frame:

          TX packets: errors: dropped: overruns: carrier:

          collisions: txqueuelen:

          RX bytes: (1.0 KiB)  TX bytes: (1.0 KiB)

virbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr :::::C1

          inet addr:192.168.122.1  Bcast:192.168.122.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:  Metric:

          RX packets: errors: dropped: overruns: frame:

          TX packets: errors: dropped: overruns: carrier:

          collisions: txqueuelen:

          RX bytes: (0.0 b)  TX bytes: (0.0 b)

ping一下网关及外网，可以连通：

[root@tanghuimin ~]# ping 192.168.1.1

PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) () bytes of data.

 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq= ttl= time=0.978 ms

 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq= ttl= time=0.861 ms

^C

--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---

 packets transmitted,  received, % packet loss, time 1080ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.861/0.919/0.978/0.065 ms

[root@tanghuimin ~]# ping www.baidu.com

PING www.a.shifen.com (115.239.210.25) () bytes of data.

 bytes from 115.239.210.25: icmp_seq= ttl= time=7.46 ms

 bytes from 115.239.210.25: icmp_seq= ttl= time=7.37 ms

^C

--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---

 packets transmitted,  received, % packet loss, time 9850ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 7.372/7.416/7.460/0.044 ms

[root@tanghuimin ~]#

brctl show可以看到host上存在的桥：

[root@tanghuimin ~]# brctl show

bridge name    bridge id        STP enabled    interfaces

br0        .3c970e5ce42e    no        eth0

virbr0        .5254002590c1    yes        virbr0-nic

2. 设置SELinux

参考《KVM
Virtualization in RHEL 6 Made Easy》2.7
SELinux

3.
安装vm

参考《KVM
Virtualization in RHEL 6 Made Easy》3.
Creating VMs

virt-install --name vm1 --ram= --vcpus= --disk path=/vm-images/vm1,size= --cdrom /root/iso/CentOS-6.6-x86_64-minimal.iso --network bridge:br0

关于virt-install参数的详细解释参考：

Installing a KVM Guest OS from the Command-line (virt-install)

安装过程同linux系统的正常安装过程。

安装完成之后输入用户名密码可以进入vm：

4. 管理vm

常用的vm管理命令有：

列出所有vm：virsh list –all

挂起：virsh suspend

恢复：virsh resume

关机：virsh shutdown

启动：virsh start

强制关机：virsh destroy

销毁：virsh undefine

查看vm信息：virsh dominfo

查看virsh全部的管理命令：virsh help

查看virsh某个管理命令的用法：virsh help xxx

注：virsh shutdown命令执行后vm往往仍处于running状态，这时可以用virsh destroy强制关机。

virsh undefine销毁一个vm前，要先将vm关机。

巴特西

kvm初体验之三：vm的安装及管理

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