使用 Spring 提供的 restTemplate 完成 Http 服务消费
2024-10-06 05:00:29
RestTemplate 介绍
RestTemplate 是 Spring 提供的用于访问 Rest 服务的客户端，RestTemplate 提供了多种便捷访问远程 Http 服务的方法，能够大大提高客户端的编写效率。
服务消费者实现
业务需求说明
实现:通过红包系统访问订单系统,获得某个用户的订单信息,派发红包.
red-sys:服务的消费者
Order-sys:服务的提供者
red-sys 给 order-sys 的 Controller 发送 http 请求
创建 red-sys 项目
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.bjsxt</groupId>
<artifactId>red-sys</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<!-- spring 依赖 -->
<spring.version>4.3.18.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
<servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
<jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
<jackson.version>2.9.0</jackson.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- jsp相关依赖 -->
<!-- servlet依赖 -->
<!-- jstl依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- springmvc依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>red</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<path>/red</path>
<port>8080</port>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>Order实体类：
package com.bjsxt.pojo;
public class Order {
private int id;
private Double total;
private String date;
public Order(int id, Double total, String date) {
this.id = id;
this.total = total;
this.date = date;
}
public Order(){}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Order{" +
"id=" + id +
", total=" + total +
", date='" + date + '\'' +
'}';
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Double getTotal() {
return total;
}
public void setTotal(Double total) {
this.total = total;
}
public String getDate() {
return date;
}
public void setDate(String date) {
this.date = date;
}
}
创建 RedController 类
package com.bjsxt.controller;
import com.bjsxt.pojo.Order;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Controller
public class RedController {
//注入由spring提供的RestTemplate对象
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
@RequestMapping("/loadOrderList")
@ResponseBody
public List<Order> loadOrderList01(String uid){
//发送远程http请求URL
String url="http://localhost:7070/order/loadOrderList";
//发送到远程服务参数
MultiValueMap<String,Object> params=new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
params.add("uid",uid);
//通过RestTemplate对象发送远程post请求
Order[] orders = restTemplate.postForObject(url, params, Order[].class);
return Arrays.asList(orders);
}
//获得订单对象的集合
@RequestMapping("/loadOrderList2")
@ResponseBody
public List<Order> loadOrderList02(String uid){
//发送远程http请求URL
String url="http://localhost:7070/order/loadOrderList2";
//发送到远程服务参数
MultiValueMap<String,Object> params=new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
params.add("uid",uid);
//通过RestTemplate对象发送远程post请求
ResponseEntity<Order[]> entity = restTemplate.postForEntity(url, params, Order[].class);
//获取响应头信息
HttpHeaders headers = entity.getHeaders();
//遍历
for (Map.Entry<String,List<String>> e:headers.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(e.getKey()+"------"+e.getValue());
}
//获取响应的状态
int status=entity.getStatusCodeValue();
System.out.println(status);
//获取远程对象的响应实体
Order[] body = entity.getBody();
return Arrays.asList(body);
}
}
配置 springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 扫描controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bjsxt.controller" />
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 实例化RestTemplate对象 -->
<bean id="restTemplate" class="org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate"></bean>
</beans>
配置 web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<display-name>order</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/favicon.ico</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 以监听器的方式启动spring容器 -->
<!-- <listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>-->
<!-- <!– 指定spring的配置文件 –>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>-->
<!-- POST请求的乱码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<!-- 指定编码方式 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- 映射filter -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- springmvc的servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 指定springmvc的配置文件 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 让springmvc随系统启动而启动 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>创建 order-sys 项目
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.bjsxt</groupId>
<artifactId>order-sys</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<!-- spring 依赖 -->
<spring.version>4.3.18.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
<servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
<jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
<jackson.version>2.9.0</jackson.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- jsp相关依赖 -->
<!-- servlet依赖 -->
<!-- jstl依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- springmvc依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.thetransactioncompany</groupId>
<artifactId>cors-filter</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>order</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<path>/order</path>
<port>7070</port>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>创建 OrderController 类
package com.bjsxt.controller;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.bjsxt.pojo.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
public class OrderController {
@RequestMapping("/loadOrderList")
public String loadOrderList(String uid, Model mode){
Date now =new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
String date = sdf.format(now);
Order order1=new Order();
order1.setId(1001);
order1.setTotal(123.0);
order1.setDate(date);
Order order2=new Order();
order2.setId(1002);
order2.setTotal(1234.0);
order2.setDate(date);
Order order3=new Order();
order3.setId(1003);
order3.setTotal(13.0);
order3.setDate(date);
List<Order> list=new ArrayList<>();
list.add(order1);
list.add(order2);
list.add(order3);
mode.addAttribute("list",list);
return "index.jsp";
}
//接收http请求,响应订单集合,完成的是异步响应 将List集合序列化为json串响应
@RequestMapping("/loadOrderList2")
@ResponseBody
public List<Order> loadOrderList2(String uid, Model mode){
System.out.println("uid="+uid);
Date now =new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
String date = sdf.format(now);
Order order1=new Order();
order1.setId(1001);
order1.setTotal(123.0);
order1.setDate(date);
Order order2=new Order();
order2.setId(1002);
order2.setTotal(1234.0);
order2.setDate(date);
Order order3=new Order();
order3.setId(1003);
order3.setTotal(13.0);
order3.setDate(date);
List<Order> list=new ArrayList<>();
list.add(order1);
list.add(order2);
list.add(order3);
mode.addAttribute("list",list);
return list;
}
@RequestMapping("/loadOrderList3")
@ResponseBody
public String loadOrderList3(String uid, String callback){
System.out.println("uid="+uid);
Date now =new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
String date = sdf.format(now);
Order order1=new Order();
order1.setId(1001);
order1.setTotal(123.0);
order1.setDate(date);
Order order2=new Order();
order2.setId(1002);
order2.setTotal(1234.0);
order2.setDate(date);
Order order3=new Order();
order3.setId(1003);
order3.setTotal(13.0);
order3.setDate(date);
List<Order> list=new ArrayList<>();
list.add(order1);
list.add(order2);
list.add(order3);
String result=callback+"("+ JSON.toJSONString(list) +")";
return result;
}
}
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<c:forEach items="${list }" var="o">
${o.id}----${o.total}----${o.date}
<hr/>
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 扫描controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.bjsxt.controller" />
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>
启动 order-sys
启动访问 red-sys
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