「SDOI2013」森林

传送门

树上主席树 + 启发式合并

锻炼码力，没什么好说的。

细节见代码。

参考代码：
#include <algorithm>

#include <cstdio>

#define rg register

#define file(x) freopen(x".in", "r", stdin), freopen(x".out", "w", stdout)

using std ::sort; using std ::swap; using std ::unique; using std ::lower_bound;

inline char _getchar() {

	static char buf[100000], *p1 = buf, *p2 = buf;

	return p1 == p2 && (p2 = (p1 = buf) + fread(buf, 1, 100000, stdin), p1 == p2) ? EOF : *p1++;

}

template < class T > inline void read(T& s) {

	s = 0; rg int f = 0; rg char c = _getchar();

	while ('0' > c || c > '9') f |= c == '-', c = _getchar();

	while ('0' <= c && c <= '9') s = s * 10 + c - 48, c = _getchar();

	s = f ? -s : s;

}

const int _ = 8e4 + 5;

int tot, head[_]; struct Edge { int ver, nxt; } edge[_ << 1];

inline void Add_edge(int u, int v)

{ edge[++tot] = (Edge) { v, head[u] }, head[u] = tot; }

int n, m, q, vis[_], a[_], X0, X[_], top[_], Siz[_], fa[18][_], dep[_];

int tt, rt[_]; struct node { int lc, rc, cnt; } t[_ * 266];

inline void build(int& p, int l = 1, int r = X0) {

	p = ++tt, t[p].cnt = 0;

	if (l == r) return ;

	int mid = (l + r) >> 1;

	build(t[p].lc, l, mid), build(t[p].rc, mid + 1, r);

}

inline void update(int& p, int q, int x, int l = 1, int r = X0) {

	p = ++tt, t[p] = t[q], ++t[p].cnt;

	if (l == r) return ;

	rg int mid = (l + r) >> 1;

	if (x <= mid) update(t[p].lc, t[q].lc, x, l, mid);

	else update(t[p].rc, t[q].rc, x, mid + 1, r);

}

inline int query(int u, int v, int lca, int flca, int k, int l = 1, int r = X0) {

	if (l == r) return l;

	rg int mid = (l + r) >> 1;

	rg int num = t[t[u].lc].cnt + t[t[v].lc].cnt - t[t[lca].lc].cnt - t[t[flca].lc].cnt;

	if (num >= k) return query(t[u].lc, t[v].lc, t[lca].lc, t[flca].lc, k, l, mid);

	else return query(t[u].rc, t[v].rc, t[lca].rc, t[flca].rc, k - num, mid + 1, r);

}

inline void dfs(int u, int f, int topf, int d) {

	vis[u] = 1;

	dep[u] = d, fa[0][u] = f, top[u] = topf, ++Siz[topf];

	rt[u] = 0, update(rt[u], rt[f], a[u]);

	for (rg int i = 1; i <= 16; ++i)

		fa[i][u] = fa[i - 1][fa[i - 1][u]];

	for (rg int i = head[u]; i; i = edge[i].nxt)

		if (edge[i].ver != f) dfs(edge[i].ver, u, topf, d + 1);

}

inline int LCA(int x, int y) {

	if (dep[x] < dep[y]) swap(x, y);

	for (rg int i = 16; ~i; --i)

		if (dep[fa[i][x]] >= dep[y]) x = fa[i][x];

	if (x == y) return x;

	for (rg int i = 16; ~i; --i)

		if (fa[i][x] != fa[i][y]) x = fa[i][x], y = fa[i][y];

	return fa[0][x];

}

int main() {

	int T; read(T);

	read(n), read(m), read(q);

	for (rg int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) read(a[i]), X[i] = a[i];

	sort(X + 1, X + n + 1);

	X0 = unique(X + 1, X + n + 1) - X - 1;

	for (rg int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) a[i] = lower_bound(X + 1, X + X0 + 1, a[i]) - X;

	build(rt[0]);

	for (rg int x, y, o = 1; o <= m; ++o)

		read(x), read(y), Add_edge(x, y), Add_edge(y, x);

	for (rg int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) if (!vis[i]) dfs(i, 0, i, 1);

	for (rg int ans = 0, x, y, k, lca, o = 1; o <= q; ++o) {

		rg char C = _getchar();

		while (C != 'Q' && C != 'L') C = _getchar();

		read(x), x ^= ans;

		read(y), y ^= ans;

		if (C == 'Q') {

			read(k), k ^= ans, lca = LCA(x, y);

			ans = X[query(rt[x], rt[y], rt[lca], rt[fa[0][lca]], k)];

			printf("%d\n", ans);

		} else {

			Add_edge(x, y), Add_edge(y, x);

			if (Siz[top[x]] < Siz[top[y]]) swap(x, y);

			dfs(y, x, top[x], dep[x] + 1);

		}

	}

	return 0;

}
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「SDOI2013」森林

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