.NetCore2.1 WebAPI 根据swagger.json自动生成客户端代码
2024-10-13 23:53:37
前言
上一篇博客中我们可以得知通过Swagger插件可以很方便的提供给接口开发者在线调试，但是实际上Swagger附带的功能还有很多，
比如使用NSwag生成客户端调用代码，进一步解放接口开发者。
NSwag
NSwag是一个发布在GitHub上的开源项目，它可以根据Swagger说明页上的swagger.json文件生成C#、TypeScript客户端代码。
NSwag的项目地址:https://github.com/RSuter/NSwag
Nswag提供4种代码生成方法
1、使用 NSwagStudio，这是一款 Windows 桌面应用，用于在 C# 和 TypeScript 中为 API 生成客户端代码。
2、使用 NSwag.CodeGeneration.CSharp 或 NSwag.CodeGeneration.TypeScript NuGet 包在项目中执行代码生成。
3、使用命令行中的 NSwag。
4、使用 NSwag.MSBuild NuGet 包。
这里推荐使用NSwagStudio，可以从GitHub上下载该工具，地址:https://github.com/RSuter/NSwag/wiki/NSwagStudio
下载后开始安装，安装完毕后打开NSwagStudio，如下图，在左侧选择Tab页菜单里选择Documents
如上图框框选中的几点，我们需要留意。其中Swagger Specification URL就是我们WebAPI的swagger.json的在线地址。
如果点击【Create local Copy 】按钮时你的WebAPI未在线则代码生成工具会弹出错误对话框，如下图:
所以采取读取Swagger Specification URL 方式进行生成代码的前提条件是你必须保证swagger.json文件能在线读取！
其次你可以选择RunTime（运行时），这里应该是服务端WebAPI的运行时(毕竟TypeScript是不关心你服务端是.NET Core还是.NET Framework).
因为我的环境是.NET Core2.1，所以这里选择NET Core21。
接下来，点击【Create local Copy】按钮，点击后NSwagStudio会与WebAPI服务端进行交互，成功后会将swagger.json文件格式化到左边的文本编辑器中，如下图:
此时，你可以在右侧的Outputs中勾选你需要输出的文件格式，这里我选择TypeScript和CSharp Client，
这个地方有个C# WebAPI Controller，我有点纳闷，我都有swagger.json文件了绝壁是已经存在webapi了，
没有必要反向再去生成一遍webapi的控制器啦。 不懂，反正只管生成客户端代码就好。
我们勾选好后下面就会出现相应的输出配合页面，如下图:
我们选择CSharp Client页面，该页面左侧分为Setting和Output两个页面，Setting页可以对输出的cs文件进行配置，如命名空间、类名称、输出文件路径等等(很多配置我也不会....)
我们点击【Generate Outputs】后NSwagStudio会根据配置生成客户端操作类，在Output页面即可检查，检查无误后再点击【Generate Files】可将类文件导出到配置的输出目录。
TypeScript亦是如此，同时NSwagStudio也可支持加载DLL反射生成，具体方法可根据官网操作(毕竟可以直接使用json文件在线生成没必要再自己手工选择dll..)
这里截图看SwagerUI页和NSwagStudio生成后的客户端cs文件
生成的客户端C#代码：
//----------------------
// <auto-generated>
// Generated using the NSwag toolchain v11.17.19.0 (NJsonSchema v9.10.58.0 (Newtonsoft.Json v9.0.0.0)) (http://NSwag.org)
// </auto-generated>
//---------------------- namespace Test
{
#pragma warning disable // Disable all warnings [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCode("NSwag", "11.17.19.0 (NJsonSchema v9.10.58.0 (Newtonsoft.Json v9.0.0.0))")]
public partial class Client
{
private string _baseUrl = "http://localhost:58985";
private System.Lazy<Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializerSettings> _settings; public Client()
{
_settings = new System.Lazy<Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializerSettings>(() =>
{
var settings = new Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializerSettings();
UpdateJsonSerializerSettings(settings);
return settings;
});
} public string BaseUrl
{
get { return _baseUrl; }
set { _baseUrl = value; }
} protected Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializerSettings JsonSerializerSettings { get { return _settings.Value; } } partial void UpdateJsonSerializerSettings(Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializerSettings settings);
partial void PrepareRequest(System.Net.Http.HttpClient client, System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage request, string url);
partial void PrepareRequest(System.Net.Http.HttpClient client, System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage request, System.Text.StringBuilder urlBuilder);
partial void ProcessResponse(System.Net.Http.HttpClient client, System.Net.Http.HttpResponseMessage response); /// <summary>巴拉巴拉</summary>
/// <returns>Success</returns>
/// <exception cref="SwaggerException">A server side error occurred.</exception>
public System.Threading.Tasks.Task ApiTestGetAsync()
{
return ApiTestGetAsync(System.Threading.CancellationToken.None);
} /// <summary>巴拉巴拉</summary>
/// <returns>Success</returns>
/// <exception cref="SwaggerException">A server side error occurred.</exception>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">A cancellation token that can be used by other objects or threads to receive notice of cancellation.</param>
public async System.Threading.Tasks.Task ApiTestGetAsync(System.Threading.CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var urlBuilder_ = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
urlBuilder_.Append(BaseUrl != null ? BaseUrl.TrimEnd('/') : "").Append("/api/Test"); var client_ = new System.Net.Http.HttpClient();
try
{
using (var request_ = new System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage())
{
request_.Method = new System.Net.Http.HttpMethod("GET"); PrepareRequest(client_, request_, urlBuilder_);
var url_ = urlBuilder_.ToString();
request_.RequestUri = new System.Uri(url_, System.UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute);
PrepareRequest(client_, request_, url_); var response_ = await client_.SendAsync(request_, System.Net.Http.HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
try
{
var headers_ = System.Linq.Enumerable.ToDictionary(response_.Headers, h_ => h_.Key, h_ => h_.Value);
if (response_.Content != null && response_.Content.Headers != null)
{
foreach (var item_ in response_.Content.Headers)
headers_[item_.Key] = item_.Value;
} ProcessResponse(client_, response_); var status_ = ((int)response_.StatusCode).ToString();
if (status_ == "200")
{
return;
}
else
if (status_ != "200" && status_ != "204")
{
var responseData_ = response_.Content == null ? null : await response_.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
throw new SwaggerException("The HTTP status code of the response was not expected (" + (int)response_.StatusCode + ").", (int)response_.StatusCode, responseData_, headers_, null);
}
}
finally
{
if (response_ != null)
response_.Dispose();
}
}
}
finally
{
if (client_ != null)
client_.Dispose();
}
} /// <returns>Success</returns>
/// <exception cref="SwaggerException">A server side error occurred.</exception>
public System.Threading.Tasks.Task ApiTestPostAsync(string value)
{
return ApiTestPostAsync(value, System.Threading.CancellationToken.None);
} /// <returns>Success</returns>
/// <exception cref="SwaggerException">A server side error occurred.</exception>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">A cancellation token that can be used by other objects or threads to receive notice of cancellation.</param>
public async System.Threading.Tasks.Task ApiTestPostAsync(string value, System.Threading.CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var urlBuilder_ = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
urlBuilder_.Append(BaseUrl != null ? BaseUrl.TrimEnd('/') : "").Append("/api/Test"); var client_ = new System.Net.Http.HttpClient();
try
{
using (var request_ = new System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage())
{
var content_ = new System.Net.Http.StringContent(Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.SerializeObject(value, _settings.Value));
content_.Headers.ContentType = System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue.Parse("multipart/form-data");
request_.Content = content_;
request_.Method = new System.Net.Http.HttpMethod("POST"); PrepareRequest(client_, request_, urlBuilder_);
var url_ = urlBuilder_.ToString();
request_.RequestUri = new System.Uri(url_, System.UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute);
PrepareRequest(client_, request_, url_); var response_ = await client_.SendAsync(request_, System.Net.Http.HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
try
{
var headers_ = System.Linq.Enumerable.ToDictionary(response_.Headers, h_ => h_.Key, h_ => h_.Value);
if (response_.Content != null && response_.Content.Headers != null)
{
foreach (var item_ in response_.Content.Headers)
headers_[item_.Key] = item_.Value;
} ProcessResponse(client_, response_); var status_ = ((int)response_.StatusCode).ToString();
if (status_ == "200")
{
return;
}
else
if (status_ != "200" && status_ != "204")
{
var responseData_ = response_.Content == null ? null : await response_.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
throw new SwaggerException("The HTTP status code of the response was not expected (" + (int)response_.StatusCode + ").", (int)response_.StatusCode, responseData_, headers_, null);
}
}
finally
{
if (response_ != null)
response_.Dispose();
}
}
}
finally
{
if (client_ != null)
client_.Dispose();
}
} /// <summary>我是get测试</summary>
/// <returns>Success</returns>
/// <exception cref="SwaggerException">A server side error occurred.</exception>
public System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> ApiTestByIdGetAsync(int id)
{
return ApiTestByIdGetAsync(id, System.Threading.CancellationToken.None);
} /// <summary>我是get测试</summary>
/// <returns>Success</returns>
/// <exception cref="SwaggerException">A server side error occurred.</exception>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">A cancellation token that can be used by other objects or threads to receive notice of cancellation.</param>
public async System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> ApiTestByIdGetAsync(int id, System.Threading.CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
if (id == null)
throw new System.ArgumentNullException("id"); var urlBuilder_ = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
urlBuilder_.Append(BaseUrl != null ? BaseUrl.TrimEnd('/') : "").Append("/api/Test/{id}");
urlBuilder_.Replace("{id}", System.Uri.EscapeDataString(ConvertToString(id, System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture))); var client_ = new System.Net.Http.HttpClient();
try
{
using (var request_ = new System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage())
{
request_.Method = new System.Net.Http.HttpMethod("GET");
request_.Headers.Accept.Add(new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json")); PrepareRequest(client_, request_, urlBuilder_);
var url_ = urlBuilder_.ToString();
request_.RequestUri = new System.Uri(url_, System.UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute);
PrepareRequest(client_, request_, url_); var response_ = await client_.SendAsync(request_, System.Net.Http.HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
try
{
var headers_ = System.Linq.Enumerable.ToDictionary(response_.Headers, h_ => h_.Key, h_ => h_.Value);
if (response_.Content != null && response_.Content.Headers != null)
{
foreach (var item_ in response_.Content.Headers)
headers_[item_.Key] = item_.Value;
} ProcessResponse(client_, response_); var status_ = ((int)response_.StatusCode).ToString();
if (status_ == "200")
{
var responseData_ = response_.Content == null ? null : await response_.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
var result_ = default(string);
try
{
result_ = Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<string>(responseData_, _settings.Value);
return result_;
}
catch (System.Exception exception_)
{
throw new SwaggerException("Could not deserialize the response body.", (int)response_.StatusCode, responseData_, headers_, exception_);
}
}
else
if (status_ != "200" && status_ != "204")
{
var responseData_ = response_.Content == null ? null : await response_.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
throw new SwaggerException("The HTTP status code of the response was not expected (" + (int)response_.StatusCode + ").", (int)response_.StatusCode, responseData_, headers_, null);
} return default(string);
}
finally
{
if (response_ != null)
response_.Dispose();
}
}
}
finally
{
if (client_ != null)
client_.Dispose();
}
} /// <returns>Success</returns>
/// <exception cref="SwaggerException">A server side error occurred.</exception>
public System.Threading.Tasks.Task ApiTestByIdPutAsync(int id, string value)
{
return ApiTestByIdPutAsync(id, value, System.Threading.CancellationToken.None);
} /// <returns>Success</returns>
/// <exception cref="SwaggerException">A server side error occurred.</exception>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">A cancellation token that can be used by other objects or threads to receive notice of cancellation.</param>
public async System.Threading.Tasks.Task ApiTestByIdPutAsync(int id, string value, System.Threading.CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
if (id == null)
throw new System.ArgumentNullException("id"); var urlBuilder_ = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
urlBuilder_.Append(BaseUrl != null ? BaseUrl.TrimEnd('/') : "").Append("/api/Test/{id}");
urlBuilder_.Replace("{id}", System.Uri.EscapeDataString(ConvertToString(id, System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture))); var client_ = new System.Net.Http.HttpClient();
try
{
using (var request_ = new System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage())
{
var content_ = new System.Net.Http.StringContent(Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.SerializeObject(value, _settings.Value));
content_.Headers.ContentType = System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue.Parse("multipart/form-data");
request_.Content = content_;
request_.Method = new System.Net.Http.HttpMethod("PUT"); PrepareRequest(client_, request_, urlBuilder_);
var url_ = urlBuilder_.ToString();
request_.RequestUri = new System.Uri(url_, System.UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute);
PrepareRequest(client_, request_, url_); var response_ = await client_.SendAsync(request_, System.Net.Http.HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
try
{
var headers_ = System.Linq.Enumerable.ToDictionary(response_.Headers, h_ => h_.Key, h_ => h_.Value);
if (response_.Content != null && response_.Content.Headers != null)
{
foreach (var item_ in response_.Content.Headers)
headers_[item_.Key] = item_.Value;
} ProcessResponse(client_, response_); var status_ = ((int)response_.StatusCode).ToString();
if (status_ == "200")
{
return;
}
else
if (status_ != "200" && status_ != "204")
{
var responseData_ = response_.Content == null ? null : await response_.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
throw new SwaggerException("The HTTP status code of the response was not expected (" + (int)response_.StatusCode + ").", (int)response_.StatusCode, responseData_, headers_, null);
}
}
finally
{
if (response_ != null)
response_.Dispose();
}
}
}
finally
{
if (client_ != null)
client_.Dispose();
}
} /// <summary>小魔仙</summary>
/// <returns>Success</returns>
/// <exception cref="SwaggerException">A server side error occurred.</exception>
public System.Threading.Tasks.Task ApiTestByIdDeleteAsync(int id)
{
return ApiTestByIdDeleteAsync(id, System.Threading.CancellationToken.None);
} /// <summary>小魔仙</summary>
/// <returns>Success</returns>
/// <exception cref="SwaggerException">A server side error occurred.</exception>
/// <param name="cancellationToken">A cancellation token that can be used by other objects or threads to receive notice of cancellation.</param>
public async System.Threading.Tasks.Task ApiTestByIdDeleteAsync(int id, System.Threading.CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
if (id == null)
throw new System.ArgumentNullException("id"); var urlBuilder_ = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
urlBuilder_.Append(BaseUrl != null ? BaseUrl.TrimEnd('/') : "").Append("/api/Test/{id}");
urlBuilder_.Replace("{id}", System.Uri.EscapeDataString(ConvertToString(id, System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture))); var client_ = new System.Net.Http.HttpClient();
try
{
using (var request_ = new System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage())
{
request_.Method = new System.Net.Http.HttpMethod("DELETE"); PrepareRequest(client_, request_, urlBuilder_);
var url_ = urlBuilder_.ToString();
request_.RequestUri = new System.Uri(url_, System.UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute);
PrepareRequest(client_, request_, url_); var response_ = await client_.SendAsync(request_, System.Net.Http.HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
try
{
var headers_ = System.Linq.Enumerable.ToDictionary(response_.Headers, h_ => h_.Key, h_ => h_.Value);
if (response_.Content != null && response_.Content.Headers != null)
{
foreach (var item_ in response_.Content.Headers)
headers_[item_.Key] = item_.Value;
} ProcessResponse(client_, response_); var status_ = ((int)response_.StatusCode).ToString();
if (status_ == "200")
{
return;
}
else
if (status_ != "200" && status_ != "204")
{
var responseData_ = response_.Content == null ? null : await response_.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
throw new SwaggerException("The HTTP status code of the response was not expected (" + (int)response_.StatusCode + ").", (int)response_.StatusCode, responseData_, headers_, null);
}
}
finally
{
if (response_ != null)
response_.Dispose();
}
}
}
finally
{
if (client_ != null)
client_.Dispose();
}
} private string ConvertToString(object value, System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo)
{
if (value is System.Enum)
{
string name = System.Enum.GetName(value.GetType(), value);
if (name != null)
{
var field = System.Reflection.IntrospectionExtensions.GetTypeInfo(value.GetType()).GetDeclaredField(name);
if (field != null)
{
var attribute = System.Reflection.CustomAttributeExtensions.GetCustomAttribute(field, typeof(System.Runtime.Serialization.EnumMemberAttribute))
as System.Runtime.Serialization.EnumMemberAttribute;
if (attribute != null)
{
return attribute.Value;
}
}
}
}
else if (value is byte[])
{
return System.Convert.ToBase64String((byte[]) value);
}
else if (value != null && value.GetType().IsArray)
{
var array = System.Linq.Enumerable.OfType<object>((System.Array) value);
return string.Join(",", System.Linq.Enumerable.Select(array, o => ConvertToString(o, cultureInfo)));
} return System.Convert.ToString(value, cultureInfo);
}
} [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCode("NSwag", "11.17.19.0 (NJsonSchema v9.10.58.0 (Newtonsoft.Json v9.0.0.0))")]
public partial class SwaggerException : System.Exception
{
public int StatusCode { get; private set; } public string Response { get; private set; } public System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<string, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<string>> Headers { get; private set; } public SwaggerException(string message, int statusCode, string response, System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<string, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<string>> headers, System.Exception innerException)
: base(message, innerException)
{
StatusCode = statusCode;
Response = response;
Headers = headers;
} public override string ToString()
{
return string.Format("HTTP Response: \n\n{0}\n\n{1}", Response, base.ToString());
}
} [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCode("NSwag", "11.17.19.0 (NJsonSchema v9.10.58.0 (Newtonsoft.Json v9.0.0.0))")]
public partial class SwaggerException<TResult> : SwaggerException
{
public TResult Result { get; private set; } public SwaggerException(string message, int statusCode, string response, System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<string, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<string>> headers, TResult result, System.Exception innerException)
: base(message, statusCode, response, headers, innerException)
{
Result = result;
}
} }
在线生成客户端|服务端调用代码
如果嫌代码生成工具需要下载或你们前端的电脑操作系统是MacOs则可以考虑使用Swagger在线代码生成，地址: https://editor.swagger.io/
Swagger线上代码生成支持导入swagger.json文件和引用SwaggerUI线上地址两种模式。
推荐使用Import File，我使用Import URL压根就没成功过。。。。
导入方法如下图
导入后可以选择导出的方式(服务端 OR 客户端)，并且这个比前面的代码生成器exe要强大啊，它支持导出的语言真是把我惊呆了，牛逼啊。
没图我会乱说？？ 是不是很牛逼。
选择生成后，浏览器就会下载代码啦~~~~~~真的牛批啊~~！~！！！
给你们贴一张线上生成TypeScript-angular的代码，真的比那个exe生成出来的代码规范多了，线上生成的会根据每一个Controller生成一个Service.ts，
exe工具是把所有Controllser的action都生成在一个Service.ts文件里(尼玛，这也能不同。。我还是以后都从线上生成算了....)
结语
不得不赞叹Swagger的强大，它的出现解放了多少程序员啊，后续但凡有客户端码农说不会调用哥的API，哥都可以直接给他代码生成器生成的代码，一个字：爽。
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