%% ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

%%            Output Info about this m-file

fprintf('\n***********************************************************\n');

fprintf('        <DSP using MATLAB> Problem 6.24 \n\n');

banner();

%% ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

D = [1001, -63, -449, 978, -205];

fprintf('\nConvert a Sign-Magnitude Format Decimal integer D to its binary representation B! \n');

fprintf('\n  %5d   binary representation is  :-- %20s --    \n', D(1), sm2bin(D(1)) );

fprintf('\n  %5d   binary representation is  :-- %20s --    \n', D(2), sm2bin(D(2)) );

fprintf('\n  %5d   binary representation is  :-- %20s --    \n', D(3), sm2bin(D(3)) );

fprintf('\n  %5d   binary representation is  :-- %20s --    \n', D(4), sm2bin(D(4)) );

fprintf('\n  %5d   binary representation is  :-- %20s --    \n', D(5), sm2bin(D(5)) );

%B = {'1010', '011011011', '11001', '1010101', '011011'};

%B = char('1010', '011011011', '11001', '1010101', '011011');

%B = ['1010'; '011011011'; '11001'; '1010101'; '011011'];

B1 = '1010';

fprintf('\nConvert a binary representation B to its Sign-Magnitude Format Decimal integer D! \n');

fprintf('\n  --%15s--   Sign-Magn representation is  : %10d     \n', B1, bin2sm(B1) );

B2 = '011011011';

fprintf('\n  --%15s--   Sign-Magn representation is  : %10d     \n', B2, bin2sm(B2) );

B3 = '11001';

fprintf('\n  --%15s--   Sign-Magn representation is  : %10d     \n', B3, bin2sm(B3) );

B4 = '1010101';

fprintf('\n  --%15s--   Sign-Magn representation is  : %10d     \n', B4, bin2sm(B4) );

B5 = '011011';

fprintf('\n  --%15s--   Sign-Magn representation is  : %10d     \n', B5, bin2sm(B5) );

function B = sm2bin(D);

	% Convert a Sign-Magnitude format Decimal integer D

    % to its binary representation  B

	% ----------------------------------------------------------

	%  B = sm2bin(D)

    %  D = sign-magnitude format decimal integer

	%  B = binary representation

	%

    %

    s = sign(D);                  % sign of D (-1 if x<0,  0 if x=0, 1 if x>0)

    sb = (s < 0);                 % sign-bit  (0 if x>=0, 1 if x<0)

    B = strcat( num2str(sb), dec2bin( abs(D) ) );

function D = bin2sm(B);

	% Convert a binary representation B to its

    %   Sign-Magnitude format Decimal integer D

	% ----------------------------------------------------------

	%  D = bin2sm(B)

    %  D = sign-magnitude format decimal integer

	%  B = binary representation

	%

    %

    %B = num2str(B)

    sb = str2num( B(1) );                            % sign-bit  (0 if x>=0, 1 if x<0)

    if sb == 0

        D = (1-sb) * bin2dec( B(2:length(B)) );    % or D = bin2dec( B(2:1:length(B)) )

    elseif sb == 1

        D = -bin2dec( B(2:length(B)) );

    end