C#中异步使用及回调
2024-10-18 17:21:56
1. 一句话理解异步
我叫你去吃饭，叫完你不去，那我就会一直等你，直到你和我一起去吃饭。这叫同步！
我叫你去吃饭，叫完不管你去不去，我都不会等你，我自己去吃饭。这叫异步！
2. 异步使用
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("----------主程序开始，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Action<string> action = t =>
{
for (int k = 0; k < 1000000000; k++)
{ }
Console.WriteLine("当前参数是{1},当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId,t);
}; action.BeginInvoke("异步参数",null,null); Console.WriteLine("----------主程序结束，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.Read();
}
3. 异步回调
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("----------主程序开始，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Action<string> action = t =>
{
for (int k = 0; k < 1000000000; k++)
{ }
Console.WriteLine("当前参数是{1},当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId,t);
};
AsyncCallback callback = t =>
{
Console.WriteLine("这里是回调函数 当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
};
action.BeginInvoke("异步参数", callback, null); Console.WriteLine("----------主程序结束，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.Read();
}
4. 异步回调带参数
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("----------主程序开始，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Action<string> action = t =>
{
for (int k = 0; k < 1000000000; k++)
{ }
Console.WriteLine("当前参数是{1},当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId,t);
};
AsyncCallback callback = t =>
{
Console.WriteLine(t.AsyncState);
Console.WriteLine("这里是回调函数 当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
};
action.BeginInvoke("异步参数", callback, "无名小虾"); Console.WriteLine("----------主程序结束，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.Read();
}
5. 异步等待
第一种方式：IsCompleted
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("----------主程序开始，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Action<string> action = t =>
{
for (int k = 0; k < 1000000000; k++)
{ }
Console.WriteLine("当前参数是{1},当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId,t);
};
AsyncCallback callback = t =>
{
Console.WriteLine(t.AsyncState);
Console.WriteLine("这里是回调函数 当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
};
IAsyncResult asyncResult = action.BeginInvoke("异步参数", callback, "无名小虾"); while (!asyncResult.IsCompleted)
{
Console.WriteLine("等待中......");
Thread.Sleep(200);
} Console.WriteLine("----------主程序结束，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.Read();
}
第二种方式:WaitOne()
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("----------主程序开始，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Action<string> action = t =>
{
for (int k = 0; k < 1000000000; k++)
{ }
Console.WriteLine("当前参数是{1},当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId,t);
};
AsyncCallback callback = t =>
{
Console.WriteLine(t.AsyncState);
Console.WriteLine("这里是回调函数 当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
};
IAsyncResult asyncResult = action.BeginInvoke("异步参数", callback, "无名小虾"); asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); Console.WriteLine("----------主程序结束，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.Read();
}
第三种方式：EndInvoke()
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("----------主程序开始，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Action<string> action = t =>
{
for (int k = 0; k < 1000000000; k++)
{ }
Console.WriteLine("当前参数是{1},当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId,t);
};
AsyncCallback callback = t =>
{
Console.WriteLine(t.AsyncState);
Console.WriteLine("这里是回调函数 当前线程是{0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
};
IAsyncResult asyncResult = action.BeginInvoke("异步参数", callback, "无名小虾"); action.EndInvoke(asyncResult); Console.WriteLine("----------主程序结束，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.Read();
}
6. 异步返回值
主线程获取到返回值
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("----------主程序开始，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Func<string,string> func = t =>
{
string result = "这是我的返回值"; for (int k = 0; k < 1000000000; k++)
{ }
Console.WriteLine("当前参数是{1},当前线程是{0},返回的参数是 {2}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId,t, result);
return result;
}; IAsyncResult asyncResult = func.BeginInvoke("异步参数", null, null); string res = func.EndInvoke(asyncResult); Console.WriteLine("获取到返回值：{0}", res); Console.WriteLine("----------主程序结束，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.Read();
}
回调获取到返回值
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("----------主程序开始，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Func<string,string> func = t =>
{
string result = "这是我的返回值"; for (int k = 0; k < 1000000000; k++)
{ }
Console.WriteLine("当前参数是{1},当前线程是{0},返回的参数是 {2}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId,t, result);
return result;
}; AsyncCallback asyncCallback = t =>
{
string res = func.EndInvoke(t);
Console.WriteLine("获取到返回值：{0}", res);
}; func.BeginInvoke("异步参数", asyncCallback, null); Console.WriteLine("----------主程序结束，线程ID是{0}-----------------", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.Read();
}
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