福州大学第十五届程序设计竞赛_重现赛B题迷宫寻宝
2024-10-16 05:55:01
Problem B 迷宫寻宝
Accept: 52 Submit: 183
Time Limit: 1000 mSec Memory Limit : 32768 KB
Problem Description
洪尼玛今天准备去寻宝，在一个n*n （n行, n列）的迷宫中，存在着一个入口、一些墙壁以及一个宝藏。由于迷宫是四连通的，即在迷宫中的一个位置，只能走到与它直接相邻的其他四个位置（上、下、左、右）。现洪尼玛在迷宫的入口处，问他最少需要走几步才能拿到宝藏？若永远无法拿到宝藏，则输出-1。
Input
多组测试数据。
输入第一行为正整数n，表示迷宫大小。
接下来n行，每行包括n个字符，其中字符'.'表示该位置为空地，字符'#'表示该位置为墙壁，字符'S'表示该位置为入口，字符'E'表示该位置为宝藏，输入数据中只有这四种字符，并且'S'和'E'仅出现一次。
n≤1000
Output
输出拿到宝藏最少需要走的步数，若永远无法拿到宝藏，则输出-1。
Sample Input
5
S.#..
#.#.#
#.#.#
#...E
#....
Sample Output
7
分析：DFS，BFS基础题型，下面加一个poj2251，加深对简单搜索的理解，三维空间是3维数组，如果加上钥匙或者传送门的话就是四维空间
详情见: 2018年长沙理工大学G题 （找钥匙） 2018年湘潭大学F题 （传送门）
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <queue>
using namespace std; #define FF(i, a, b) for(int i = a; i < b; i++)
#define RR(i, a, b) for(int i = a; i > b; i++)
#define ME(a, b) memset(a, b, sizeof(a))
#define SC(x) scanf("%d", &x)
#define PR(x) printf("%d\n", x)
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
#define MAX 1100
#define MOD 1000000007
#define E 2.71828182845
#define M 8
#define N 6
typedef long long LL;
const double PI = acos(-1.0);
typedef pair<int, int> Author;
vector<pair<string, int> > VP; struct Node{
int x, y, step;
};
Node bg, ed, p1, p2;
queue<Node> q; char matrix[MAX][MAX];
int dir[][] = {,,-,,,,,-};
int dis[MAX][MAX];
int n, m, ans; int check(int x, int y){
if(x < || x >= n || y < || y >= m || dis[x][y] || matrix[x][y] == '#') return ;
return ;
}
void Clear(queue<Node>& q){
queue<Node> empty;
swap(empty, q);
} int BFS(){
p1 = bg;
q.push(p1);dis[p1.x][p1.y] = ;
while(!q.empty()){
p2 = q.front();q.pop();
if(p2.x == ed.x && p2.y == ed.y) return p2.step; //Í˳ö
for(int i = ; i < ; i++){
Node p3;
p3.x = p2.x + dir[i][];
p3.y = p2.y + dir[i][];
p3.step = p2.step;
if(!check(p3.x, p3.y)) continue;
dis[p3.x][p3.y] = ;
p3.step = p2.step + ;
q.push(p3);
}
}
return -;
} int main(void){
// #ifdef LOCAL
// freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
// freopen("out.txt", "w", stdout);
// #endif
ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie();
int i, j, k; while(cin>>n){
m = n;
Clear(q);ME(dis, ); for(i = ; i < n; i++){
for(j = ; j < m; j++){
cin>>matrix[i][j];
if(matrix[i][j] == 'S'){bg.x = i; bg.y = j; bg.step = ;}
else if(matrix[i][j] == 'E'){ed.x = i; ed.y = j;}
}
} ans = BFS();
cout<<ans<<endl;
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
POJ2251：三维空间找'S'到‘E’的距离，差不多的解法。
/**
:;LaEaHKEEGpPXU7;,
.:75pKH11252U252XapZgRQgD6XJscLr;,.
:LXpRgGaX521JLw1JswJJsJs22XHPPEZEGDOMMRDOa7.
.r2EDDZEpZPZP6KpHX5SXH5XXa5KwaXaSX5UJ1c77sLs2GMQQ6r .
,LpgOGpEZGZEZEpZKpHHU5wP5HEDgpXpHa2SSa5aSXULr7rrirrJXRBp; ;B
,J6MRZH6EgEEZE6E6EZZPZXXwSSGQXr::aPpP5USUHaHaKa5Lvrr7ri;rLHBB2: Kc
rpQDOpPPOGGZOGOZG6GEOEOEDPPGBa. .PaSSUXSUUUaUSaKXKS177r7rrrirSBBR7 .O,
:UBQOKPK6ZOOOEDEO6GZE6EpEpDgDBR: UBpXHa5aSaUS5SUS5XapPHJc7rrv7rr7sgBBs .g.
;gBMPXpO6GEOEOEOEGEOEE6EZEEDRGBB EB5pKSXpHKaHSX552S5aUHHEX17c7vr7777s5RBS: .R;
.sQBPXpDZOODOgODGOGgEDEOEOGgGgOOMB: LBKKSXSHa52aaKXHXKaa5aSaaHXSJLcL7vcc777JDBBg2;. Qi
;2ggp2EDDOggGEDGgDDOgGGZDOOZOGg6gEBX vBZaHUKaaUXXXSXXKXpXHXH5wwaa52U1wssLsLJccv1UDQBQ67. O7
:ZZUU5PROOEOZOZGGOODZOGgODZOOgOggRgRB; ;:..R6XaKKpP6PGppKPHpHpPX5aU21UUa5Sw52UwUJJv77L77sSpQMDU; ;B5
,SRJ7sSHGggEOZOEG6OODpOZgggOQQBBBBBQBBQ.,;;. LBOgOgDRDDZODMgQRgRDaa552a252UUa25w5UaU2sLvccs7r7sJZBBMr ,XQJ:
LQHr77J6RGOZDZOEGEDGgDRORQBBBQRDPU1Jscwa7.,::.:J7r;::::. ..,:;i7UOgRRRgDPH5SUSU52U2HHa1JJJLJLccLr71RBB, 7R2,
:RZv;77JSgGOZEODEDGOEggQBBBMS7;:,:,,.,.,.:7L;:,;.: ,: . ..... .:;rJU6GgGRggEZHPaKXX2S221Js1Lc7r:7QB. .XX:
7g1;;7rcXG6gpGDZGgZOOQBBQpr. ::::;:;:::Jr::sr;::;:.:vs,:::::::::::,, ,:7L5HGOggRgZUUU5wSUaJLc7r7BOiDr ...
.XX;;;irLHGKpZZZEKgDRBBB6i ,;;:;;;;r;;:s177:,;L7:;7:.rHi,:::::::::::::::::,. .,;7ZRQgO6KUUJsLwsJ7KBM. .....
JZ:;rrrc5EPHp6XgpRBBBE; :i:;;;;;:;;;:c7::r7;,::::::::rv:,:::::::::::,:,:,:,,,, .;sORQRGX21wsXU: .... .
.Br;iir72EHPHZ6EgBBR7. ..;ii:;;;;;;;;;:71r::.:7, .::7;:;H;.::,:j::::::,:::::,,,::,,, ,7wEDRZBMr .......
1D;:r;rwOPXPKH6BBX, .:;:;;;:::;:;;;;;::Ls,;ss..r. ,c77;sLU,:,:::,:::,:,:,:,,,:,,,:::. .:.rP:.......
D2:i;rJpKHXHXgg7 .,,::::;:::::;:;:;;:;SL7sS2, :. ::::,:U7.:::,:::,:,,,,,:,,.,,,.,:, ;L:. .. ...
:Qc;i7LGZPa6gBM, ...,,::::::::::::;;::;.JJ;ic: ;:::,v1,.:::;7,,,:,:,:,,,,.:,,,,.. :2wr. .......
sRr:rrwZGgBQR7. .,,::::::::::::::;::;:::Hr:7i ,;;:::U: .,,,:r.,,:,:,:,,,:,,,..... 7K2:. ..........
OX:irsXgQZ:. .,,:::,,:::,::::::::;;;::r5;r7: :;;;:7L ..,.,;:,:,:,,,:,:,,,,...... .rU6w;..............
.BJ71EK5;. .,,::,:,:,,,:,:,::::::::;:;.Ls;r7 :;:::s, ..,,,r:.:.,,,.:, .,..... . .;s5XJr,..,.............
1Mv::. .:,:,,,,,,,:::::::,;:::;:;::..J7;c: ,. ,rri:27 , .,:;. ,:,:,,:..,.... .rpPL;:.. ... .............
..7Ls: .,,,:,,,:,:,:::,:,:::::,:::::: .Srrr, .,:;;;::::..:7r;r1 .: :E:..,,:,...,,.., ..XBQ7, ................... ..
,;7v7r7:, ,,,,:.,,,,,,:,,::,:,,.::.,:.,:, :Jrr; ,r7,:.. ,:::L: . .7RJ .,.:.,......,,:MBs ..............,........
.:;vJs7i, ,,,., ..,,:,,,:,,,:,:.,rs,,.:,, ;J;c, .,::;; Lr.E: .,...,....:,:1Z: .........,.,...........:,.
.;,,:r7J1wv;,. ....,.:. .,.,,:,,,:,,::::,sS;.:::, cLrr. . .,. .,..: ;; r5 ........,,:;s7. ....,.,.,...........,.,.,,.
,BBs::: . ........,.,,,,,.:,,,:,:,,.;s7r,,,,, cc7; ,.,,. .:7rrJGMPOEL1, ..... ,,:rSr, : ,.,.,.,.,.........,,,,,. ..
rZL. ....... ..,,,.,,,..,,,.,;,...7J:s: .. .wr7, ... .rJpQBBBBBBBQgKP77s .. .,7S2,,....,....,.,.,......,,.,. .:cX2
;SH7, . . . .. .,.,.,.,,,...,..r, ::Ur;7L . .57;. .rPBBQBBBPws:;r::::.,:P. .;S5;,..,...,.,.,.,.... ..,,, ..,7HSJvr
r7r;: . ... ..........,...,.. 7L;,rS;;ivr . 1r: . .rZBBK7;.JL,::Jrs;.:;,:;J, .,;LDv..:.,...,.,.,.,...,.,,:,, ,7sKGwc77;
.:7L7:, . ,r,..,.,,,...,..:iLL 7s;r;cv: U7. :vi;:. .. :Er:::.Ls. . ,7::::vHEi ,:,,.,,,.,.,,,,,,::::, .:1QBKJJUsssc
.:rvw1JsL7;, ,;..........,.:ir :r .ELr77v:,. Pr .. . Ls ,w. rr.r:JPr. ::,..,,,.,,,,:,:::,:,..7XgRE52US25w1c
.:;7JRQpX: ; .........,i: .,J ;gri;7r : 1; .X: . ,v :aK1, ,,:.,,,.,,,,:::::,;::::cOBB6K55UXUX5XUw
;J,XQB7,: . ...,: .:7Z.7Zi7;r: , v, :w:;,.,:::7LUsc:..:,:.:,,,,,:,:::::::,:;c5BBPS5wSUSUaUaUa2
J7 rEBBg..,. ..... . ,L1PLKr:,:;r;;::, :, :;SXsJU1XLLr....:,,,,,,::::,::::::,::LL,,rZXUJU25552aUUUU
JL .:sXBB:... ., . ,OH777;,rZRBBBQL ..r, ,:r7::r:,;;....:,,,,,,,,.::::;::;:::.7gL UK2UUS1aw2wU25J
U7 .r71BB; . :.. .. :QJ;.;1pBBBBBGRBRi i: . .w7. ..,,:,,,,,:,:,:::::::,.,2BR: .DSaUSUUS525w5U1
2r :7rJBQ7 .;. . KL::JGBBBgE6Hp6XMQ; . ... ,2s ,,,,:::::,:::::::,,.:sQQB2 ;DHa5U52S2U25USJ
a: :7;1BB2 .v, sL;LPQgDBPH6KPQBpGBG . ... .. aP:. .. ,::,:::::,,,,.;rSgBQDa; :gSSwSUUU525US2U
5; ;;r2QBB, .s: :a7:PBZ2,:BEaZPKgBZOgB, . ...:LEHri::,:.,,.,,,::rsXRBgGKEJi, 2GH252SUS5S11wH5
U: ;:rwDBBr .c, rB6r 167.,,RQPpEP6OpKEBc ., . : ::sS7;cKB6HHa1XOQRRQBRgEZDBH; .. ;RZUPSSU525USSpK2
s; ;::aBg, .; .Gv,H::,,::,;BQDOGHPXpKBs .,. . .,. .r:;:6gOEBQRRRDggQgOHgMGL, .;PEHHXaaKaPXPKPaXS
s7.:,sBa :..S, vE::::; 7BBMgZH6pQBr . ,:, ,.,r2RHSSpMZPKRRZpgggav, ;UpEZaaaKHHUHPPaUJHGO
a;.775: .::rU. gR:,:. :;:BBBBQar . ,, ,.,7rggJwU6DDGMgOGgXc:, ,rPGOpKSXSXSKUKHU1UHgOEP
1i :SZJrLXpBBMRB: .v Ba,. :sv: . irsBUSpEEGPPpg65r:..,;sKZDZHSX5XaHU55K2wUGMRZ6Z6
:K :7asvwc2MgEQB, :gg.:iB7 .,,,:. ...,. . .. .:iM6GEpSSXZOEs:...;spZpKKXXSX5Xa5Ja5wwKGQDEpp6OZ
w; ,LXLr77sLwL5aR. gRgQgaQBi ,vJwvi,. .;;:;7: . . ,... rRDRJUSXpgas:,.:;U66SaHa2X5aUa552X12SgQgpZpEpGOD
H: ;XJ;77rv7rJUaQ;rgaPgXXHBB; . . .ri:;; ,: . :6QZEKHXpXXL:,::r1PKXaa2XSS5a5S5UJ22aOBgEpOppZOOgG
iwsJsr7rsLrrLcJ2gQGXHwa1SUHBB: . ... . .., : 1BRKpOEGp2Jr;::rsXP1Uaa2U5a5aUa5SsSpgQRZGZEEZZOOgDg
,cs5aXaP552ssLwRSHXaSS5asXBB. . . . LBBgGgZHsr;vrr;rcXpP5UUS5X5S2XS5SS1URBggpEZgDDGOGggRD
,;irrs2KgQRPJJJSUXKXSHJpBM . . . ZBBOUsr;:. ,,,rHgZPUaSaUSUSSXaUPXsSBB6ZZp6EEGOOGDEggO
;BBQQZaSJ5J15SJDQ7 .iEBL:. . .,:,:;SRQGZXPXXSHaS2UUSUSswQB6OZgG6pZZGODEOGDE
JgUri1aGEpEpXSS5LBQ, .rLap2Jr ;712OO6ZggRDZXHXpKK2211LLLc7wgBa2PODRGE6OZgDgGDGD
7QB; ,Jc76DaZXOZgDPEBBX, :c1HEZ1c;:,.,:;cHDgQQggMZgGOZO6OEGpXsLLsJXHPOBBBc;vss5EMggZDODOgED6
LZJ::iwrrr72EPgXU5OBBBBBBBp7: .i5P6wL;, .:LS6DMgMgZKgEOPOGGDDGEXULvLSOBBBBBQBgDQDJ5rrr7JOQQDDZGEgDD
wp rR5, .HQRX7r72RQBBBBBQBMEK6Uc7sc7cHOU:, .:LHgOQg6ZOPZpZGGEDERZPwcr7LKDDaJr:. rBX;;:r:ir1DBQMgRgDp
7D,sw: , Z. .LgBBQBBOsJaQBBBBBBXrr. .:rwZBBQgROgDgDOERRMgROOScrLsPP5r, 7Qs,::::::rUgRgZOG6
,Q57:r ,: ,r U: .;; .vL7L;r:UG7.:sr;JSgQBgDEZXXUSXpHa21svr7r7s2v:. iQK...:,:::;LLJJws
OBHs;. :;;,v H: :6X; rpL;7pSrrr7r;::,....,,:;iirrvvvr, :BBPs;;:,,,,::;::
::rPDEL:..7:c;7r pK .: :KL.:r:.. ..:icsS5sr:,. JgGgBQDOSJss77r
:r;::: , PH r, ,;5: ,::::;7Ls7Lc7;: ,:7JP17rJUs
.:J: :; .,:K6BQS7:.,.,.
:r7Ji;r7;::;;.
. **/
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
#define FF(i, a, b) for(int i = a; i < b; i++)
#define RR(i, a, b) for(int i = a; i > b; i++)
#define ME(a, b) memset(a, b, sizeof(a))
#define SC(x) scanf("%d", &x)
#define PR(x) printf("%d\n", x)
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
#define MAX 35
#define MOD 1000000007
#define E 2.71828182845
#define M 8
#define N 6
typedef long long LL;
const double PI = acos(-1.0);
typedef pair<int, int> Author;
vector<pair<string, int> > VP;
struct Node{
int x, y, z, step;
};
Node bg, ed, p1, p2;
queue<Node> q;
char matrix[MAX][MAX][MAX];
int dir[][] = {,,,-,,,,,,,-,,,,,,,-};
int dis[MAX][MAX][MAX];
int n, m, l, ans;
int check(int x, int y, int z){
if(x < || x >= n || y < || y >= m || z < || z >= l || dis[x][y][z] || matrix[x][y][z] == '#') return ;
return ;
}
void Clear(queue<Node>& q){
queue<Node> empty;
swap(empty, q);
}
int BFS(){
p1 = bg;
q.push(p1);dis[p1.x][p1.y][p1.z] = ;
while(!q.empty()){
p2 = q.front();q.pop();
if(p2.x == ed.x && p2.y == ed.y && p2.z == ed.z) return p2.step; //退出
for(int i = ; i < ; i++){
Node p3;
p3.x = p2.x + dir[i][];
p3.y = p2.y + dir[i][];
p3.z = p2.z + dir[i][];
p3.step = p2.step;
if(!check(p3.x, p3.y, p3.z)) continue;
dis[p3.x][p3.y][p3.z] = ;
p3.step = p2.step + ;
q.push(p3);
}
}
return ;
}
int main(void){
#ifdef LOCAL
freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
freopen("out.txt", "w", stdout);
#endif
ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie();
int i, j, k;
while(cin>>l>>n>>m){
if(l <= || n <= || m <= ) break;
Clear(q);ME(dis, );
for(k = ; k < l; k++){
for(i = ; i < n; i++){
for(j = ; j < m; j++){
cin>>matrix[i][j][k];
if(matrix[i][j][k] == 'S'){bg.x = i; bg.y = j; bg.z = k; bg.step = ;}
else if(matrix[i][j][k] == 'E'){ed.x = i; ed.y = j; ed.z = k;}
}
}
}
ans = BFS();
if(ans) cout<<"Escaped in "<<ans<<" minute(s)."<<endl;
else cout<<"Trapped!"<<endl;
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
最新文章
- iOS 之消息推送(个推)---个人小结
- ZeroMQ接口函数之 ：zmq_poll - I/O多路技术
- BZOJ 1040 树形DP+环套树
- paip.python错误解决24
- Java—FileOperator
- C语言-05-内存分析
- Angular 2.0 从0到1：Rx--隐藏在Angular 2.x中利剑
- BZOJ 2096([Poi2010]Pilots-单调队列-差值)
- Head First Java设计模式思维导图总结
- Net Core 生成图形验证码
- 让pip使用python3而不是python2
- Ajaxpro使用的方法
- Python3.0以上版本在对比图片相似中的应用
- 利用朴素贝叶斯分类算法对搜狐新闻进行分类（python）
- element ui输入框监听enter事件
- Java - 线程优先级和守护线程
- django 使用其自带的验证系统 进行用户名有效性验证 登录状态验证 登入操作 登出操作
- 20145122《Java程序设计》第6周学习总结
- 通过网页发布ios应用。
- lnmp 优化