Linux_搭建Samba服务(匿名访问)
2024-09-04 09:05:44
【RHEL8】—SMBserver;【RHEL7】—SMBclient
!!!测试环境我们首关闭防火墙和selinux(SMBserver和SMBclient都需要)
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
关于Samba配置文件的说明,访问:https://www.cnblogs.com/520qiangge/p/13413414.html
一、Samba服务端配置
1、首先查看服务端IP
[root@SMBserver ~]# ifconfig
ens160: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.174.128 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.174.255
inet6 fe80::fa13:32e0:3b9f:2196 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:cd:6a:1b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 2779 bytes 211310 (206.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1090 bytes 110886 (108.2 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 60 bytes 5208 (5.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 60 bytes 5208 (5.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
2、SMBserver安装Samba服务,并设置开机自启
[root@SMBserver ~]# yum install -y samba
[root@SMBserver ~]# rpm -qa samba
samba-4.10.4-1.el8.x86_64
[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl start smb
[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl start nmb
[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl enable smb
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/smb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service.
[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl enable nmb
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nmb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nmb.service.
3、查看端口是否监听
[root@SMBserver ~]# netstat -tunlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1083/sshd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:445 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24412/smbd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:139 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24412/smbd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1083/sshd
tcp6 0 0 :::445 :::* LISTEN 24412/smbd
tcp6 0 0 :::139 :::* LISTEN 24412/smbd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 1588/dhclient
udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:137 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd
udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:137 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:137 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd
udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:138 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd
udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:138 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:138 0.0.0.0:* 24420/nmbd
4、创建共享资源目录,并给予完全共享的(给全部的权限)
[root@SMBserver ~]# mkdir -p /sambadir/share
[root@SMBserver ~]# chmod 777 /sambadir/share/
[root@SMBserver ~]# ll /sambadir/
总用量 0
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 8月 1 10:33 share
5、编辑配置文件
[root@SMBserver ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
[root@SMBserver ~]# cat /etc/samba/smb.conf
[global]
workgroup = WORKGROUP //这里换成WODGROUP
security = user //这里不换成share,就用user,后面照样不用输入密码
passdb backend = tdbsam
printing = cups
printcap name = cups
load printers = yes
cups options = raw
map to guest = bad user //匿名用户最主要就是添加这行,可以实现匿名访问 [homes]
comment = Home Directories
valid users = %S, %D%w%S
browseable = No
read only = No
inherit acls = Yes [printers]
comment = All Printers
path = /var/tmp
printable = Yes
create mask = 0600
browseable = No [print$]
comment = Printer Drivers
path = /var/lib/samba/drivers
write list = @printadmin root
force group = @printadmin
create mask = 0664
directory mask = 0775 [share] //自己创建的共享文件名,也可以不一样
comment = my first samba-file //访问提示信息
path = /sambadir/share //文件路径
browseable = yes //是否可以浏览(是否浏览权限(yes为可见共享,no为隐藏共享))
public = yes //是否公开(指明该共享资源是否能给游客帐号访问)
writable = yes //是否可以写入文件(是否有写权限)
6、测试smb.conf文件语法是否错误
[root@SMBserver ~]# testparm
Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf
Loaded services file OK.
Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions
//这里提示这样的信息,叫你回车就会显示刚刚写的配置文件的内容,就代表没有语法错误,我就没回车了,节省时间
7、重启smb,nmb服务
[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl restart smb
[root@SMBserver ~]# systemctl restart nmb
[root@SMBserver ~]# netstat -tunlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1083/sshd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:445 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24631/smbd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:139 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24631/smbd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1083/sshd
tcp6 0 0 :::445 :::* LISTEN 24631/smbd
tcp6 0 0 :::139 :::* LISTEN 24631/smbd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 1588/dhclient
udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:137 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd
udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:137 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:137 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd
udp 0 0 192.168.174.255:138 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd
udp 0 0 192.168.174.128:138 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:138 0.0.0.0:* 24642/nmbd
到这里匿名访问的服务端就配置完成
二、Samba客户端配置
1、SMBclient查看是否有安装samba-client,cifs-utils软件包
[root@smbclient ~]# yum info samba-client cifs-utils
已加载插件:product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
可安装的软件包
名称 :cifs-utils
架构 :x86_64
版本 :6.2
发布 :10.el7
大小 :85 k
源 :dvd
简介 : Utilities for mounting and managing CIFS mounts
网址 :http://linux-cifs.samba.org/cifs-utils/
协议 : GPLv3
描述 : The SMB/CIFS protocol is a standard file sharing protocol widely deployed
: on Microsoft Windows machines. This package contains tools for mounting
: shares on Linux using the SMB/CIFS protocol. The tools in this package
: work in conjunction with support in the kernel to allow one to mount a
: SMB/CIFS share onto a client and use it as if it were a standard Linux
: file system. 名称 :samba-client
架构 :x86_64
版本 :4.6.2
发布 :8.el7
大小 :597 k
源 :dvd
简介 : Samba client programs
网址 :http://www.samba.org/
协议 : GPLv3+ and LGPLv3+
描述 : The samba-client package provides some SMB/CIFS clients to complement
: the built-in SMB/CIFS filesystem in Linux. These clients allow access
: of SMB/CIFS shares and printing to SMB/CIFS printers.
2、安装samba-client,cifs-utils软件包
[root@smbclient ~]# yum install -y samba-client cifs-utils
[root@smbclient ~]# rpm -qa samba-client cifs-utils
cifs-utils-6.2-10.el7.x86_64
samba-client-4.6.2-8.el7.x86_64
3、客户端查看samba服务器有哪些共享资源
[root@smbclient ~]# smbclient -L 192.168.174.128
Enter SAMBA\root's password: //直接回车,不用输任何东西
OS=[Windows 6.1] Server=[Samba 4.10.4] Sharename Type Comment
--------- ---- -------
print$ Disk Printer Drivers
share Disk my first samba-file
IPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba 4.10.4)
OS=[Windows 6.1] Server=[Samba 4.10.4] Server Comment
--------- ------- Workgroup Master
--------- -------
WORKGROUP SMBSERVER
4、客户端创建挂载目录
[root@smbclient ~]# mkdir /smbdir
5、客户端挂载服务端共享的资源
[root@smbclient ~]# mount.cifs -rw //192.168.174.128/share /smbdir/
Password for root@//192.168.174.128/share: //这里也是直接回车就行,不用输任何东西
[root@smbclient ~]#
6、查看是否挂载成功
[root@smbclient ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 50G 1.1G 49G 3% /
devtmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /dev
tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 912M 8.7M 904M 1% /run
tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sr0 3.8G 3.8G 0 100% /mnt
/dev/mapper/rhel-home 27G 33M 27G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0
//192.168.174.128/share 50G 2.0G 49G 4% /smbdir
//最后一行说明挂载成功
三、测试
1、首先在客户端创建两个文件,然后在服务端查看
//SMBclient
[root@smbclient ~]# cd /smbdir/
[root@smbclient smbdir]# ls
[root@smbclient smbdir]# touch {file1,file2}
[root@smbclient smbdir]# ls
file1 file2
[root@smbclient smbdir]# //SMBserver
[root@SMBserver ~]# cd /sambadir/share/
[root@SMBserver share]# ls
file1 file2
[root@SMBserver share]#
2、在windows的资源管理器上访问
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