构建一个.net的干货类库，以便于快速的开发

　　在开发程序的时候，加密是一个程序一个必须的功能，基本上任何程序都会用到加密，而不同的加密方式又适应不同需求，有些加密是不可逆的，最常见是用于用户密码的加密，因为很多时候程序里面不该显示出用户的明文密码，有些加密是可逆的，大多数用于一些私密的资料，例如用户的联系方式，私密信息等，这种加密方式能很好的保护用户的资料。加密方式有很多种，网上可以查到的加密方式有很多，但是很多都不全面，本文就在这里列出比较全面的加密方式。

　　1、MD5加密

　　这种加密方式不用我介绍了吧，最常见的，是一种不可逆加密

  /// <summary>

         /// MD5加密（只能转字符串类型）

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="str"></param>

         /// <returns></returns>

         public static string toMD5(string str)

         {

             string strResult = str;

             if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(str))

             {

                 string strSource = str.ToString();

                 //new

                 System.Security.Cryptography.MD5 md5 = new System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider();

                 //获取密文字节数组

                 byte[] bytResult = md5.ComputeHash(System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strSource));

                 //转换成字符串，并取9到25位

                 strResult = BitConverter.ToString(bytResult, , );

                 //转换成字符串，32位

                 //string strResult = BitConverter.ToString(bytResult);  

                 //BitConverter转换出来的字符串会在每个字符中间产生一个分隔符，需要去除掉

                 strResult = strResult.Replace("-", "");

             }

             return strResult;

         }

　　2、哈希加密

　　（提供参考）

 /// <summary>

         /// 哈希加密（只能转字符串类型）

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="str"></param>

         /// <returns></returns>

         public static string toHash(string str)

         {

             string strResult = "";

             if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(str))

             {

                 string strSource = str.ToString();

                 //Create

                 System.Security.Cryptography.MD5 md5 = System.Security.Cryptography.MD5.Create();

                 //注意编码UTF8、UTF7、Unicode等的选择　

                 byte[] bytResult = md5.ComputeHash(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strSource));

                 //字节类型的数组转换为字符串

                 for (int i = ; i < bytResult.Length; i++)

                 {

                     //16进制转换

                     strResult = strResult + bytResult[i].ToString("X");

                 }

             }

             return strResult;

         }

　　3、DES加密（解密）

　　这种加密是一种基于密匙的对称加密

  #region DES加密

         //默认密钥向量

         private static byte[] Keys = { 0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78, 0x90, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0xEF };

         /// <summary>

         /// DES加密

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="encryptString">待加密的字符串</param>

         /// <returns>加密成功返回加密后的字符串，失败返回源串</returns>

         public static string toEncryptDES(string encryptString)

         {

             try

             {

                 string encryptKey = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(Keys);

                 byte[] rgbKey = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encryptKey.Substring(, ));

                 byte[] rgbIV = Keys;

                 byte[] inputByteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encryptString);

                 DESCryptoServiceProvider dCSP = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();

                 MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream();

                 CryptoStream cStream = new CryptoStream(mStream, dCSP.CreateEncryptor(rgbKey, rgbIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

                 cStream.Write(inputByteArray, , inputByteArray.Length);

                 cStream.FlushFinalBlock();

                 return Convert.ToBase64String(mStream.ToArray());

             }

             catch

             {

                 return encryptString;

             }

         }

         #endregion

         #region DES解密

         /// <summary>

         /// DES解密

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="decryptString">待解密的字符串</param>

         /// <returns>解密成功返回解密后的字符串，失败返源串</returns>

         public static string toDecryptDES(string decryptString)

         {

             try

             {

                 string decryptKey = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(Keys);

                 byte[] rgbKey = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(decryptKey);

                 byte[] rgbIV = Keys;

                 byte[] inputByteArray = Convert.FromBase64String(decryptString);

                 DESCryptoServiceProvider DCSP = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();

                 MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream();

                 CryptoStream cStream = new CryptoStream(mStream, DCSP.CreateDecryptor(rgbKey, rgbIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

                 cStream.Write(inputByteArray, , inputByteArray.Length);

                 cStream.FlushFinalBlock();

                 return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(mStream.ToArray());

             }

             catch

             {

                 return decryptString;

             }

         }

         #endregion

　　4、RSA加密（解密）

　　RSA是目前最有影响力的公钥加密算法，它能够抵抗到目前为止已知的绝大多数密码攻击。如果有过支付宝开发经验的开发人员对这个一定不陌生。

　　4.1、密匙生成

　　RSA加密方法需要两个文件用来存放公钥和私钥，在程序里建立key文件来存放这两个文件，由于文件是.pem格式的文件目前没有一种好的读取方式，所以先将文件转换成其他格式文件再读取

 /// <summary>

         /// 密匙生成（慎用）

         /// 注意：当使用此方法时会重新生成一次密匙，之前生成的密匙会被覆盖，使用此方法时建议先进行密匙备份

         /// 首次使用此方法加密要在程序上建立\Key\publicKey.xml和\Key\privateKey.xml两个文件

         /// </summary>

         public static void CreateKey()

         {

             using (RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider())

             {

                 //pem文件解析，把pem转换成xml文件

                 string fileName = Utiltity.GetRootPath() + @"\Key\publicKey.xml";

                 using (FileStream fsRead = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create))

                 {

                     string publicKey = rsa.ToXmlString(false); // 公钥

                     StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fsRead);

                     fsRead.SetLength();//首先把文件清空了。

                     sw.Write(publicKey);//写你的字符串。

                     sw.Close();

                     string dfileName = System.IO.Path.ChangeExtension(fileName, ".pem");

                     File.Delete(dfileName);

                     File.Move(fileName, dfileName);

                 }

                 //pem文件解析，把pem转换成xml文件

                 fileName = Utiltity.GetRootPath() + @"\Key\privateKey.xml";

                 using (FileStream fsRead = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create))

                 {

                     string privateKey = rsa.ToXmlString(true); // 私钥

                     StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fsRead);

                     fsRead.SetLength();//首先把文件清空了。

                     sw.Write(privateKey);//写你的字符串。

                     sw.Close();

                     string dfileName = System.IO.Path.ChangeExtension(fileName, ".pem");

                     File.Delete(dfileName);

                     File.Move(fileName, dfileName);

                 }

             }

         }

　　4.2加密（解密）

　　解密要基于对称的密匙，如果不是就解密不了

 /// <summary>

         /// RSA加密

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="content">需加密的字符串</param>

         /// <returns></returns>

         public static string toEncryptRSA(string content)

         {

             RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();

             //pem文件解析，把pem转换成xml文件

             string fileName = Tool.GetRootPath() + @"\Key\publicKey.pem";

             string dfileName = System.IO.Path.ChangeExtension(fileName, ".xml");

             File.Move(fileName, dfileName);

             //文件读取

             using (FileStream fsRead = new FileStream(dfileName, FileMode.Open))

             {

                 StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(fsRead);

                 string publickey = sr.ReadLine();//System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(heByte);

                 rsa.FromXmlString(publickey);

                 byte[] cipherbytes = rsa.Encrypt(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(content), false);

                 content = Convert.ToBase64String(cipherbytes);

             }

             File.Move(dfileName, fileName);

             return content;

         }

 /// <summary>

         /// RSA解密

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="content">加密的字符串</param>

         /// <returns></returns>

         public static string toDecryptRSA(string content)

         {

             RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();

             //pem文件解析，把pem转换成xml文件

             string fileName = Tool.GetRootPath() + @"\Key\privatekey.pem";

             string dfileName = System.IO.Path.ChangeExtension(fileName, ".xml");

             File.Move(fileName, dfileName);

             //文件读取

             using (FileStream fsRead = new FileStream(dfileName, FileMode.Open))

             {

                 //int fsLen = (int)fsRead.Length;

                 //byte[] heByte = new byte[fsLen];

                 StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(fsRead);

                 string privatekey = sr.ReadLine();//System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(heByte);

                 rsa.FromXmlString(privatekey);

                 byte[] cipherbytes = rsa.Decrypt(Convert.FromBase64String(content), false);

                 content = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(cipherbytes);

             }

             File.Move(dfileName, fileName);

             return content;

         }

　　5、AES对称加密

　　也是一种基于密匙的对称加密

  #region AES对称加密

         /// <summary>

         /// 默认密码钥

         /// </summary>

         private static string EncryptKey = "6FFDC945FA1752467C7F238A3BAB4FEA";

         /// <summary>

         /// 算法初始IV种子

         /// </summary>

         private static string ivString = "1D2CFACB382AE6AD36BD4F4C";

         /// <summary>

         /// AES 加密

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="encryptString">待加密密文</param>

         /// <param name="key">密钥</param>

         /// <returns></returns>

         public static string AESEncrypt(string encryptString, string key)

         {

             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(encryptString))

                 return null;

             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { throw (new Exception("密钥不得为空")); }

             string m_strEncrypt = "";

             byte[] m_btIV = Convert.FromBase64String(ivString);

             Rijndael m_AESProvider = Rijndael.Create();

             try

             {

                 byte[] m_btEncryptString = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encryptString);

                 MemoryStream m_stream = new MemoryStream();

                 CryptoStream m_csstream = new CryptoStream(m_stream, m_AESProvider.CreateEncryptor(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key), m_btIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

                 m_csstream.Write(m_btEncryptString, , m_btEncryptString.Length); m_csstream.FlushFinalBlock();

                 m_strEncrypt = Convert.ToBase64String(m_stream.ToArray());

                 m_strEncrypt = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(m_strEncrypt, Encoding.UTF8);

                 m_stream.Close(); m_stream.Dispose();

                 m_csstream.Close(); m_csstream.Dispose();

             }

             catch (IOException ex) { throw ex; }

             catch (CryptographicException ex) { throw ex; }

             catch (ArgumentException ex) { throw ex; }

             catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; }

             finally { m_AESProvider.Clear(); }

             return m_strEncrypt;

         }

         /// <summary>

         /// AES 加密

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="encryptString">待加密密文</param>

         /// <returns></returns>

         public static string AESEncrypt(string encryptString)

         {

             return AESEncrypt(encryptString, EncryptKey);

         }

         #endregion

         #region AES对称解密

         /// <summary>

         /// AES 解密

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="decryptString">待解密密文</param>

         /// <param name="key">解密密钥</param>

         /// <returns></returns>

         public static string AESDecrypt(string decryptString, string key)

         {

             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(decryptString))

                 return null;

             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) { throw (new Exception("密钥不得为空")); }

             string m_strDecrypt = "";

             byte[] m_btIV = Convert.FromBase64String(ivString);

             Rijndael m_AESProvider = Rijndael.Create();

             try

             {

                 if (HttpContext.Current == null)

                     decryptString = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(decryptString, Encoding.UTF8);

                 byte[] m_btDecryptString = Convert.FromBase64String(decryptString);

                 MemoryStream m_stream = new MemoryStream();

                 CryptoStream m_csstream = new CryptoStream(m_stream, m_AESProvider.CreateDecryptor(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key), m_btIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);

                 m_csstream.Write(m_btDecryptString, , m_btDecryptString.Length); m_csstream.FlushFinalBlock();

                 m_strDecrypt = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(m_stream.ToArray());

                 m_stream.Close(); m_stream.Dispose();

                 m_csstream.Close(); m_csstream.Dispose();

             }

             catch (IOException ex) { throw ex; }

             catch (CryptographicException ex) { throw ex; }

             catch (ArgumentException ex) { throw ex; }

             catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; }

             finally { m_AESProvider.Clear(); }

             return m_strDecrypt;

         }

         /// <summary>

         /// AES 解密

         /// </summary>

         /// <param name="decryptString">待解密密文</param>

         /// <returns></returns>

         public static string AESDecrypt(string decryptString)

         {

             return AESDecrypt(decryptString, EncryptKey);

         }

         /// <summary>

         /// 随机生成密钥

         /// </summary>

         /// <returns></returns>

         public static string GetIv(int n)

         {

             char[] arrChar = new char[] { 'a', 'b', 'd', 'c', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'p', 'r', 'q', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'z', 'y', 'x', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'Q', 'P', 'R', 'T', 'S', 'V', 'U', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z' };

             StringBuilder iv = new StringBuilder();

             Random rnd = new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond);

             for (int i = ; i < n; i++)

             {

                 iv.Append(arrChar[rnd.Next(, arrChar.Length)].ToString());

             }

             return iv.ToString();

         }

         #endregion

　　本文的加密方式均修改于网络文章，出处已无法一一列举请见谅

巴特西

构建一个.net的干货类库，以便于快速的开发 - 加密

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