一、Playbook 实战案例

1.准备环境

角色	外网IP(NAT)	内网IP(LAN)	部署软件
m01	eth0:10.0.0.61	eth1:172.16.1.61	ansible
ly-backup	eth0:10.0.0.101	eth1:172.16.1.101	rsync
ly-nfs	eth0:10.0.0.100	eth1:172.16.1.100	nfs、Sersync
ly-web01	eth0:10.0.0.102	eth1:172.16.1.102	httpd

2.配置ansible对应的主机

[root@m01 project2]# vim hosts

[web]

ly-web01 ansible_ssh_host=172.16.1.102

[nfs]

ly-nfs ansible_ssh_host=172.16.1.100

[backup]

ly-backup ansible_ssh_host=172.16.1.101

3.检查对应的主机组和规划的IP是否一致

[root@m01 project2]# ansible web --list-host -i hosts

  hosts (1):

    ly-web01

[root@m01 project2]# ansible nfs --list-host -i hosts

  hosts (1):

    ly-nfs

[root@m01 project2]# ansible backup --list-host -i hosts

  hosts (1):

    ly-backup

[root@m01 project2]# ansible all --list-host -i hosts

  hosts (3):

    ly-web01

    ly-nfs

    ly-backup

4.建立对应的目录站点，用于存放ansible-playbook文件

[root@m01 ~]# mkdir /project2/{ansible_playbook,file} -p

5.编写基础模块的palybook

0.基础仓库准备

1.安装rsync

2.安装nfs-utils

3.创建www用户指定uid、gid

4.准备rsync客户端密码文件

5.1.建立基础环境的yaml

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat base.yml

- hosts: all

  remote_user: root

  tasks:

    - name: configure yum repos

      yum_repository:

        name: base

        description: base yum repo

        baseurl:

          - http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

          - http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

          - http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

        gpgcheck: no

    - name: configure yum repos

      yum_repository:

        name: epel

        description: epel yum repo

        baseurl: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch

        gpgcheck: no

    - name: Create www Group

      group: name=www gid=666

    - name: Create www User

      user: name=www uid=666 group=666 shell=/sbin/nologin create_home=no

    - name: create rsync client pass

      copy: content='123456' dest=/etc/rsync.pass mode=0600

    - name: Push backup scripts

      copy: src=../files/clinet_push_rsync.sh dest=/server/scripts/

      when: (ansible_hostname != "backup")

    - name: Cron Tasks

      cron: name=Rsync_Backup minute=00 hour=01 job='/bin/bash /server/scripts/clinet_push_rsync.sh &>/dev/null'

      when: (ansible_hostname != "backup")

5.2.使用ansible-playbook检测语法, 并进行模拟执行

# 检测语法

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# ansible-playbook --syntax-check base.yaml

playbook: base.yaml

# 模拟执行

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# ansible-playbook -C  base.yaml

6.编写应用模块rsync的palybook

1.安装rsync

2.配置rsync

3.启动rsync

4.准备对应数据存储仓库/backup /data 授权为www

5.准备虚拟用户和密码文件，权限600

6.变更配置，重载服务

6.1.准备对应的配置文件存放至/project2/file/

[root@m01 file]# cat /project2/file/rsyncd.conf

uid = www

gid = www

port = 873

fake super = yes

use chroot = no

max connections = 200

timeout = 600

ignore errors

read only = false

list = false

auth users = rsync_backup

secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd

log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log

#####################################

[backup]

path = /backup

[data]

path = /data

准备认证的虚拟用户文件

[root@m01 file]# cat rsync.passwd

rsync_backup:123456

6.2.编写rsync安装的的yml语法

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat rsync.yml

- hosts: ly-backup

  remote_user: root

  tasks:

    - name: Install Rsync Server

      yum: name=rsync state=present

    - name: Config Rsync Server

      copy: src=../files/{{ item.src }} dest=/etc/{{ item.dest }}  mode={{ item.mode }}

      with_items:

        - { src: "rsyncd.conf", dest: "rsyncd.conf", mode: "0644" }

        - { src: "rsync.passwd", dest: "rsync.passwd", mode: "0600" }

      notify:

        - Restart Rsync Server

      tags: conf_rsync

    - name: Create Directory

      file: name={{ item }} state=directory owner=www group=www recurse=yes

      with_items:

        - /data

        - /backup

    - name: Server Rsync Server

      service: name=rsyncd state=started enabled=yes

    - name: Check Rsync Status

      shell: netstat -lntp|grep rsync

      register: Rsync_Status

    - name: Out Rsync Status

      debug: msg={{ Rsync_Status.stdout_lines }}

  handlers:

    - name: Restart Rsync Server

      service: name=rsyncd state=restarted

7.编写应用模块nfs的palybook

1.安装nfs

2.配置nfs

3.启动nfs

4.准备对应数据存储仓库/data授权为www

5.变更配置，重载服务

7.1.准备nfs配置文件exports

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat /project2/file/exports

{{ share_dir }} {{ share_ip }}(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=666,anongid=666)

7.2.编写nfs安装与配置的yml

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat /project2/ansible_playbook/nfs.yml

- hosts: ly-nfs

  remote_user: root

  vars:

    share_dir: /data

    share_ip: 172.16.1.0/24

  tasks:

    - name: Install NFS-Server

      yum: name=nfs-utils state=present

    - name: Configure NFS-Server

      template: src=../files/exports dest=/etc/exports

      notify: Restart Nfs Server

    - name: Create Directory

      file: name={{ share_dir }} state=directory owner=www group=www recurse=yes

    - name: Start NFS-Server

      service: name=nfs state=started enabled=yes

    - name: Check Nfs Server

      shell: cat /var/lib/nfs/etab

      register: NFS_Status

    - name: Out Nfs Server

      debug: msg={{ NFS_Status.stdout_lines }} 

  handlers:

    - name: Restart Nfs Server

      service: name=nfs state=restarted

8.编写应用模块sersync的palybook

1.安装sersync

2.配置sersync

3.启动sersync

8.1.下载Sersync软件包

[root@m01 file]# ls

sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz

8.2.准备sersync实时同步的配置文件

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat /project2/file/confxml.xml.nfs

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<head version="2.5">

    <host hostip="localhost" port="8008"></host>

    <debug start="false"/>

    <fileSystem xfs="true"/>

    <filter start="false">

    <exclude expression="(.*)\.svn"></exclude>

    <exclude expression="(.*)\.gz"></exclude>

    <exclude expression="^info/*"></exclude>

    <exclude expression="^static/*"></exclude>

    </filter>

    <inotify>

    <delete start="true"/>

    <createFolder start="true"/>

    <createFile start="true"/>

    <closeWrite start="true"/>

    <moveFrom start="true"/>

    <moveTo start="true"/>

    <attrib start="false"/>

    <modify start="false"/>

    </inotify>

    <sersync>

    <localpath watch="/data">

        <remote ip="172.16.1.101" name="data"/>

    </localpath>

    <rsync>

        <commonParams params="-az"/>

        <auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pass"/>

        <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 -->

        <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 -->

        <ssh start="false"/>

    </rsync>

    <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once-->

    <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins-->

        <crontabfilter start="false">

        <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude>

        <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude>

        </crontabfilter>

    </crontab>

    <plugin start="false" name="command"/>

    </sersync>

    <plugin name="command">

    <param prefix="/bin/sh" suffix="" ignoreError="true"/>  <!--prefix /opt/tongbu/mmm.sh suffix-->

    <filter start="false">

        <include expression="(.*)\.php"/>

        <include expression="(.*)\.sh"/>

    </filter>

    </plugin>

    <plugin name="socket">

    <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu">

        <deshost ip="192.168.138.20" port="8009"/>

    </localpath>

    </plugin>

    <plugin name="refreshCDN">

    <localpath watch="/data0/htdocs/cms.xoyo.com/site/">

        <cdninfo domainname="ccms.chinacache.com" port="80" username="xxxx" passwd="xxxx"/>

        <sendurl base="http://pic.xoyo.com/cms"/>

        <regexurl regex="false" match="cms.xoyo.com/site([/a-zA-Z0-9]*).xoyo.com/images"/>

    </localpath>

    </plugin>

</head>

8.3.编写sersync应用的yml

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat sersync.yml

- hosts: ly-nfs

  tasks:

    - name: Installed Sersync

      copy: src=../file/sersync.tar.gz dest=/server/tools/

    - name: Tar xf Sersync

      shell: cd /server/tools/ && tar xf sersync.tar.gz && mv GNU-Linux-x86 /usr/local/sersync

      args:

        creates: /usr/local/sersync

    - name: Config Sersync

      copy: src=../file/confxml.xml.nfs dest=/usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml

    - name: Service Start Sersync

      shell: /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -dro /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml

9.编写web应用模块的palybook

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat web.yml

- hosts: ly-web

  remote_user: root

  vars:

    remote_nfs_ip: 172.16.1.102

    local_dir: /var/www/html/

    http_port: 80

  tasks:

    - name: Installed Httpd Server

      yum: name=httpd,php state=present

    - name: Configure Httpd Server

      template: src=../files/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

      notify: Restart Httpd Server

    - name: Start Httpd Server

      service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes

    - name: Mount Nfs Server

      mount: src={{remote_nfs_ip}}:/data path={{ local_dir }} fstype=nfs opts=defaults state=mounted

    - name: Push kaoshi.zip

      unarchive: src=../files/kaoshi.zip dest={{ local_dir }}

  handlers:

    - name: Restart Httpd Server

      service: name=httpd state=restarted

#httpd配置文件中引入变量的使用，所以在yml文件中需要提前定义

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat /project2/files/httpd.conf |grep "^Listen"

Listen {{ http_port }}

10.将所有编写好的yaml引入至一个文件中, 这样便于一次执行

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat main.yml

- import_playbook: base.yml

- import_playbook: rsync.yml

- import_playbook: nfs.yml

- import_playbook: sersync.yml

- import_playbook: web.yml

11.测试

1.先测试web是否能同步数据至nfs存储

2.nfs是否实时同步至rsync的/data

3.使用客户端测试能否推送数据至rsync的backup

/project2/ansible_playbook下应该有的文件

/project2/file下应该有的文件

二、Playbook Roles

1.Playbook Roles

ansible roles 角色

适合大规模使用

playbook如果文件较多的情况，不清楚哪些主机执行了哪些状态的yml文件

roles能清楚哪些主机应用哪些角色

1.1.roles官方目录的结构，必须这么定义

[root@m01 roles]# mkdir {nfs,rsync,web}/{vars,tasks,templates,handlers,files} -p

[root@m01 roles]# tree

.

├── nfs                 #角色名称

│   ├── files           #存放文件

│   ├── handlers    #触发任务

│   ├── tasks           #具体任务

│   ├── templates   #模板文件

│   └── vars            #存放变量

1.2.roles变量定义方式

1.在vars目录中创建一个main.yml定义

2.在roles目录下创建一个group_vars定义，可以是主机组的名称，也可以是all(所有)

2.Playbook Roles实战

2.1.使用roles创建Rsync服务, 目录结构如下

[root@m01 roles]# tree /etc/ansible/roles/

/etc/ansible/roles/

├── hosts

├── rsync

│   ├── files

│   │   ├── rsyncd.conf

│   │   └── rsync.passwd

│   ├── handlers

│   │   └── main.yml

│   ├── tasks

│   │   └── main.yml

│   ├── templates

│   └── vars

├── site.yml

2.2.定义roles主机清单

[root@m01 roles]# cat /etc/ansible/roles/hosts

[backup]

172.16.1.41

2.3.指定backup主机组，执行那个roles

[root@m01 roles]# cat /etc/ansible/roles/site.yml

- hosts: backup

  remote_user: root

  roles:

    - rsync

2.4.查看rsync角色的tasks任务

[root@m01 roles]# cat /etc/ansible/roles/rsync/tasks/main.yml

- name: Install Rsync Server

  yum: name=rsync state=present

- name: Configure Rsync Server

  copy: src={{ item.src }} dest=/etc/{{ item.dest }} mode={{ item.mode }}

  with_items:

    - {src: "rsyncd.conf", dest: "rsyncd.conf", mode: "0644"}

    - {src: "rsync.passwd", dest: "rsync.passwd", mode: "0600"}

  notify: Restart Rsync Server

- name: Start Rsync Server

  service: name=rsyncd state=started enabled=yes

2.5.查看rsync角色的handlers

[root@m01 roles]# cat /etc/ansible/roles/rsync/handlers/main.yml

- name: Restart Rsync Server

  service: name=rsyncd state=restarted

2.6.查看rsync角色的files目录

[root@m01 roles]#  ll /etc/ansible/roles/rsync/files/

total 8

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 322 Nov 16 18:49 rsyncd.conf

-rw------- 1 root root  20 Nov 16 18:30 rsync.passwd

2.7.nfs对应的变量定义

[root@m01 roles]# cat /etc/ansible/roles/group_vars/all

#nfs

share_dir: /data

share_ip: 172.16.1.31

2.8.执行roles，使用-t指定执行nfs标签

[root@m01 roles]# ansible-playbook -i hosts  -t nfs site.yml

PLAY [nfs] ********************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ********************************************************************************

ok: [172.16.1.31]

TASK [nfs : Install Nfs-Server] ***********************************************************************

ok: [172.16.1.31]

TASK [nfs : Configure Nfs-Server] *********************************************************************

ok: [172.16.1.31]

TASK [nfs : Create Directory Data] ********************************************************************

ok: [172.16.1.31]

TASK [nfs : Start Nfs-Server] *************************************************************************

ok: [172.16.1.31]

PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************************************

172.16.1.31                : ok=5    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0

巴特西

Ansible-Playbook实战

一、Playbook 实战案例

1.准备环境

2.配置ansible对应的主机

3.检查对应的主机组和规划的IP是否一致

4.建立对应的目录站点，用于存放ansible-playbook文件

5.编写基础模块的palybook

5.1.建立基础环境的yaml

5.2.使用ansible-playbook检测语法, 并进行模拟执行

6.编写应用模块rsync的palybook

6.1.准备对应的配置文件存放至/project2/file/

6.2.编写rsync安装的的yml语法

7.编写应用模块nfs的palybook

7.1.准备nfs配置文件exports

7.2.编写nfs安装与配置的yml

8.编写应用模块sersync的palybook

8.1.下载Sersync软件包

8.2.准备sersync实时同步的配置文件

8.3.编写sersync应用的yml

9.编写web应用模块的palybook

10.将所有编写好的yaml引入至一个文件中, 这样便于一次执行

11.测试

二、Playbook Roles

1.Playbook Roles

1.1.roles官方目录的结构，必须这么定义

1.2.roles变量定义方式

2.Playbook Roles实战

2.1.使用roles创建Rsync服务, 目录结构如下

2.2.定义roles主机清单

2.3.指定backup主机组，执行那个roles

2.4.查看rsync角色的tasks任务

2.5.查看rsync角色的handlers

2.6.查看rsync角色的files目录

2.7.nfs对应的变量定义

2.8.执行roles，使用-t指定执行nfs标签

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