Python3链接MySQL数据库

Python 2.x 上连接MySQL的库倒是不少的，其中比较著名就是MySQLdb（Django项目都使用它；我也在开发测试系统时也使用过），见：http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python/

不过，目前MySQLdb并不支持python3.x，网上找了一些方法，后来我还是偶然发现MySQL官方已经提供了MySQL连接器，而且已经有支持Python3.x的版本了。MySQL Connector/Python, a self-contained Python driver for communicating with MySQL servers. 这个用起来还是感觉比较顺手的。
关于MySQL Connector/Python的各种介绍、安装、API等文档，还是参考官网吧：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/connector-python/en/index.html
（注意：安装程序将关于MySQL Connnector的python2的源文件复制到了python3库的位置（运行时会报语法错误），我就直接手动复制了其中python3/目录下的文件过去就解决。）

另外，Python3.x连接MySQL的其他方案有：oursql, PyMySQL, myconnpy 等，参考如下链接：

http://packages.python.org/oursql/

https://github.com/petehunt/PyMySQL/

https://launchpad.net/myconnpy

下面只是贴一个试用 MySQL Connector/Python 的Python脚本吧（包括创建表、插入数据、从文件读取并插入数据、查询数据等）：

PYTHON

#!/usr/bin/python3

# a sample to use mysql-connector for python3

# see details from   http://dev.mysql.com/doc/connector-python/en/index.html

 

import mysql.connector

import sys, os

 

user = 'root'

pwd  = '123456'

host = '127.0.0.1'

db   = 'test'

 

data_file = 'mysql-test.dat'

 

create_table_sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS mytable ( \

                    id int(10) AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, \

		    name varchar(20), age int(4) ) \

		    CHARACTER SET utf8"

 

insert_sql = "INSERT INTO mytable(name, age) VALUES ('Jay', 22 ), ('杰', 26)"

select_sql = "SELECT id, name, age FROM mytable"

 

cnx = mysql.connector.connect(user=user, password=pwd, host=host, database=db)

cursor = cnx.cursor()

 

try:

    cursor.execute(create_table_sql)

except mysql.connector.Error as err:

    print("create table 'mytable' failed.")

    print("Error: {}".format(err.msg))

    sys.exit()

 

try:

    cursor.execute(insert_sql)

except mysql.connector.Error as err:

    print("insert table 'mytable' failed.")

    print("Error: {}".format(err.msg))

    sys.exit()

 

if os.path.exists(data_file):

    myfile = open(data_file)

    lines = myfile.readlines()

    myfile.close()

 

    for line in lines:

        myset = line.split()

        sql = "INSERT INTO mytable (name, age) VALUES ('{}', {})".format(myset[0], myset[1])

        try:

            cursor.execute(sql)

        except mysql.connector.Error as err:

            print("insert table 'mytable' from file 'mysql-test.dat' -- failed.")

            print("Error: {}".format(err.msg))

            sys.exit()

 

try:

    cursor.execute(select_sql)

    for (id, name, age) in cursor:

        print("ID:{}  Name:{}  Age:{}".format(id, name, age))

except mysql.connector.Error as err:

    print("query table 'mytable' failed.")

    print("Error: {}".format(err.msg))

    sys.exit()

 

cnx.commit()

cursor.close()

cnx.close()

另外，最后再贴一个使用MySQLdb的python2.x代码示例吧：

PYTHON

#!/usr/bin/python2.7

# coding=utf-8

 

import MySQLdb

import sys

 

host = 'localhost'

user = 'root'

pwd  = '123456'   # to be modified.

db   = 'test'

 

 

if __name__ == '__main__':

    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host, user, pwd, db, charset='utf8');

    try:

        conn.ping()

    except:

        print 'failed to connect MySQL.'

    sql = 'select * from mytable where id = 2'

    cur = conn.cursor()

    cur.execute(sql)

    row = cur.fetchone()

#    print type(row)

    for i in row:

        print i

    cur.close()

    conn.close()

    sys.exit()

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Python3链接MySQL数据库

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