.Net Core3.0 配置Configuration

准备

.NET core和.NET项目配置上有了很大的改变，支持的也更加丰富了比如命令行，环境变量，内存中.NET对象，设置文件等等。.NET项目我们常常把配置信息放到webConfig 或者appConfig中。配置相关的源码https://github.com/aspnet/Extensions；如果打开源码项目如果遇到以下错误，未遇到直接跳过。

错误提示： error : The project file cannot be opened by the project system, because it is missing some critical imports or the referenced SDK cannot be found. Detailed Information:

解决办法：查看本地安装的sdk 与 global.json中制定的版本是否一致：然后修改即可

开始

新建个Asp.net Core web应用程序系统默认创建了appsettings.json ；在应用启动生成主机时调用CreateDefaultBuilder方法，默认会加载appsettings.json。代码如下：

public static IHostBuilder CreateDefaultBuilder(string[] args)

        {

            var builder = new HostBuilder();



            builder.UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory());

            builder.ConfigureHostConfiguration(config =>

            {

                config.AddEnvironmentVariables(prefix: "DOTNET_");

                if (args != null)

                {

                    config.AddCommandLine(args);

                }

            });



            builder.ConfigureAppConfiguration((hostingContext, config) =>

            {

                var env = hostingContext.HostingEnvironment;



                config.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)

                      .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true);



                if (env.IsDevelopment() && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(env.ApplicationName))

                {

                    var appAssembly = Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName(env.ApplicationName));

                    if (appAssembly != null)

                    {

                        config.AddUserSecrets(appAssembly, optional: true);

                    }

                }

利用 GetValue，GetSection，GetChildren读取appsettings.json 键值对 。我们打开appsettings.json文件：

将文件读入配置时，会创建一下唯一的分层健来保存配置值：

Logging:LogLevel:Default
Logging:LogLevel:System
Logging:LogLevel:Microsoft
Logging:LogLevel:Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime
AllowedHosts

 var jsonValue = $"AllowedHosts:{_config["AllowedHosts"]}"+ "\r\n";

            jsonValue += "Logging:LogLevel:Default：" + _config.GetValue<string>("Logging:LogLevel:Default")+ "\r\n";



            //GetSection 返回IConfigurationSection；如果未匹配到 返回null

            //jsonValue += "---" + _config.GetSection("Logging:LogLevel:System");

            jsonValue += "Logging:LogLevel:System：" + _config.GetSection("Logging:LogLevel:System").Value+ "\r\n\n";

            var logSection = _config.GetSection("Logging:LogLevel");

            var configurationSections = logSection.GetChildren();

            foreach (var sections in configurationSections)

            {

                jsonValue += $"{sections.Path}:{sections.Value}";

                jsonValue += "\r\n";

            }

            jsonValue += "\r\n";

配置指定json文件绑定至类

新建一个json文件-AAAppSettings.json

{

  "AA": {

    "RabbitMqHostUrl": "rabbitmq://localhost:5672",

    "RabbitMqHostName": "localhost",

    "RabbitMqUserName": "admin",

    "RabbitMqPassword": ""

  }

}

使用ConfigureAppConfiguration方法配置指定的json文件

public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>

            Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)

            .ConfigureAppConfiguration((hostingContext, config) =>

            {

                config.SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory());

                config.AddJsonFile("AAAppSettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true);

            })

使用bind方法绑定到新建的类上如：

 public partial class AAConfig

    {

        public string RabbitMqHostUrl { get; set; }

        public string RabbitMqHostName { get; set; }

        public string RabbitMqUserName { get; set; }

        public string RabbitMqPassword { get; set; }

    }

var aaConfig = new AAConfig();

_config.GetSection("AA").Bind(aaConfig);

jsonValue += aaConfig.RabbitMqHostUrl + "\r\n";

jsonValue += aaConfig.RabbitMqHostName + "\r\n";

jsonValue += aaConfig.RabbitMqUserName + "\r\n";

jsonValue += aaConfig.RabbitMqPassword + "\r\n";

return jsonValue;

运行输出：

巴特西

.Net Core3.0 配置Configuration

开始

配置指定json文件绑定至类

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