Selenium Webdriver 的 PageObject 改造
2024-10-19 02:20:59
PageObject中提供了一个@FindBy注解，也非常好用，但由于其是一次性全部初始化所有的WebElement，对于当前还不存在于页面上的Element在初始化时就会报错，为了解决这个问题，自然就不能用这个@FindBy注解了，而我们可以自已去写一个类似的注解来解决这个问题，下面是思路的实现：
自定义一个@FindBy注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ ElementType.FIELD })
public @interface FindBy {
String name();
int age();
int lazy() default 0;
}
定义一个TestInfo类来模拟WebElement类
public class TestInfo {
private String name;
private int age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "TestInfo [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
}
}
解析@FindBy注解
public class PageUtil {
private static void initialLazyInfo(Object obj, int lazy) {
try{
Field[] fields = obj.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
if(field.isAnnotationPresent(FindBy.class) && field.getType().equals(TestInfo.class)){
FindBy findBy = field.getAnnotation(FindBy.class);
if(findBy.lazy()==lazy){
TestInfo temp = new TestInfo();
temp.setName(findBy.name());
temp.setAge(findBy.age());
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(obj, temp);
}
}
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void initialLazy(Object obj){
PageUtil.initialLazyInfo(obj, 0);
}
public static void initialLazy(Object obj, int lazy){
PageUtil.initialLazyInfo(obj, lazy);
}
}
使用方式
public class DemoPage {
public DemoPage() {
PageUtil.initialLazy(this);
}
@FindBy(name="zf1", age=1)
private TestInfo info1;
@FindBy(name="zf2", age=2, lazy=1)
private TestInfo info2;
public void test(){
System.out.println("info1 is: " + info1);
System.out.println("info2 is: " + info2);
PageUtil.initialLazy(this, 1);
System.out.println("info2 is: " + info2);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
DemoPage dp = new DemoPage();
dp.test();
}
}
运行结果
info1 is: TestInfo [name=zf1, age=1]
info2 is: null
info2 is: TestInfo [name=zf2, age=2]
说明
- 将TestInfo初始化进行了分层次的初始化
- 在需要用到的地方用
PageUtil.initialLazy(this, int);进行初始化
以上虽然实现了分层次的初始化，但是在要用到的地方都需要调用PageUtil.initialLazy(this, int);，还是显得有点麻烦，要解决这个问题，还得从改造WebElement类开始，然后自定义一个@FindBy注解，并且在需要用到元素的地方再去判断并初始化。
定义@FindBy注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ ElementType.FIELD })
public @interface FindBy {
String id() default "";
String name() default "";
String className() default "";
String css() default "";
String tagName() default "";
String linkText() default "";
String partialLinkText() default "";
String xpath() default "";
}
将@FindBy注解中的值结赋到一个中间类中去，在Page类进行初始化的时候进行赋值
public class FindElement {
private String id;
private String name;
private String className;
private String css;
private String tagName;
private String linkText;
private String partialLinkText;
private String xpath;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getClassName() {
return className;
}
public void setClassName(String className) {
this.className = className;
}
public String getCss() {
return css;
}
public void setCss(String css) {
this.css = css;
}
public String getTagName() {
return tagName;
}
public void setTagName(String tagName) {
this.tagName = tagName;
}
public String getLinkText() {
return linkText;
}
public void setLinkText(String linkText) {
this.linkText = linkText;
}
public String getPartialLinkText() {
return partialLinkText;
}
public void setPartialLinkText(String partialLinkText) {
this.partialLinkText = partialLinkText;
}
public String getXpath() {
return xpath;
}
public void setXpath(String xpath) {
this.xpath = xpath;
}
}
Page类实例化时初始化@FindBy注解并赋值给FindElement类
public class PageUtil {
public static void initialWebElement(Object obj) {
try{
Field[] fields = obj.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
if(field.isAnnotationPresent(FindBy.class) && field.getType().equals(WebElement.class)){
FindBy findBy = field.getAnnotation(FindBy.class);
FindElement findElement = new FindElement();
if(!"".equals(findBy.id())){
findElement.setId(findBy.id());
}else if(!"".equals(findBy.name())){
findElement.setName(findBy.name());
}else if(!"".equals(findBy.className())){
findElement.setClassName(findBy.className());
}else if(!"".equals(findBy.css())){
findElement.setCss(findBy.css());
}else if(!"".equals(findBy.tagName())){
findElement.setTagName(findBy.tagName());
}else if(!"".equals(findBy.linkText())){
findElement.setLinkText(findBy.linkText());
}else if(!"".equals(findBy.partialLinkText())){
findElement.setPartialLinkText(findBy.partialLinkText());
}else if(!"".equals(findBy.xpath())){
findElement.setXpath(findBy.xpath());
}
WebElementExt ext = new WebElementExt(findElement);
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(obj, ext);
}
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
改造WebElement类，利用的是装饰器模式
public class WebElementExt implements WebElement {
private static WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
private FindElement findElement;
public WebElementExt(FindElement findElement) {
this.findElement = findElement;
}
private WebElement element;
private WebElement getWebElement(){
if(element != null){
return element;
}
if(findElement.getId() != null){
element = this.waitForElement(By.id(findElement.getId()));
}else if(findElement.getName() != null){
element = this.waitForElement(By.name(findElement.getName()));
}else if(findElement.getClassName() != null){
element = this.waitForElement(By.className(findElement.getClassName()));
}else if(findElement.getCss() != null){
element = this.waitForElement(By.cssSelector(findElement.getCss()));
}else if(findElement.getTagName() != null){
element = this.waitForElement(By.tagName(findElement.getTagName()));
}else if(findElement.getLinkText() != null){
element = this.waitForElement(By.linkText(findElement.getLinkText()));
}else if(findElement.getPartialLinkText() != null){
element = this.waitForElement(By.partialLinkText(findElement.getPartialLinkText()));
}else if(findElement.getXpath() != null){
element = this.waitForElement(By.xpath(findElement.getXpath()));
}
if(this.waitElementToBeDisplayed(element)){
return element;
}
return null;
}
private WebElement waitForElement(final By by) {
WebElement element = null;
try {
element = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(new ExpectedCondition<WebElement>() {
public WebElement apply(WebDriver d) {
return d.findElement(by);
}
});
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return element;
}
private boolean waitElementToBeDisplayed(final WebElement element) {
boolean wait = false;
if (element == null)
return wait;
try {
wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(new ExpectedCondition<Boolean>() {
public Boolean apply(WebDriver d) {
return element.isDisplayed();
}
});
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return wait;
}
@Override
public void click() {
this.getWebElement();
element.click();
}
@Override
public void submit() {
this.getWebElement();
element.submit();
}
@Override
public void sendKeys(CharSequence... charSequences) {
this.getWebElement();
element.sendKeys(charSequences);
}
@Override
public void clear() {
this.getWebElement();
element.clear();
}
@Override
public String getTagName() {
this.getWebElement();
return element.getTagName();
}
@Override
public String getAttribute(String s) {
this.getWebElement();
return element.getAttribute(s);
}
@Override
public boolean isSelected() {
this.getWebElement();
return element.isSelected();
}
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
this.getWebElement();
return element.isEnabled();
}
@Override
public String getText() {
this.getWebElement();
return element.getText();
}
@Override
public List<WebElement> findElements(By by) {
this.getWebElement();
return element.findElements(by);
}
@Override
public WebElement findElement(By by) {
this.getWebElement();
return element.findElement(by);
}
@Override
public boolean isDisplayed() {
this.getWebElement();
return element.isDisplayed();
}
@Override
public Point getLocation() {
this.getWebElement();
return element.getLocation();
}
@Override
public Dimension getSize() {
this.getWebElement();
return element.getSize();
}
@Override
public String getCssValue(String s) {
this.getWebElement();
return element.getCssValue(s);
}
}
使用方法
public class DemoPage {
public DemoPage() {
PageUtil.initialWebElement(this);
}
@FindBy(xpath="//abc")
private WebElement element;
public void clieckButton(){
element.click();
}
}
经过上面这样改造后，即便是页面中动态加载的元素，也不用担心会报错了，也不用多次初始化了！
https://testerhome.com/topics/10803
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