spring MVC环境搭建

1、新建web项目，并在web.xml加入spring mvc的servlet

<!-- spring mvc容器和servlet的定义 -->

  <servlet>

    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

    <!-- 这里的参数如果不配置，则默认查找web-inf下的{servlet-name}-servlet.xml文件 -->

    <init-param>

        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

        <param-value>/WEB-INF/springMVC.xml</param-value>

    </init-param>

    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>

    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

2、加入spring mvc的依赖jar包

备注:我这里除了spring的jar包外还添加了一些其他的功能（quartz、JSR303的hibernate实现、c3p0连接池、DB2驱动、spring json的支持(jackson)），这里并未完全加入spring的包，可根据项目的需要增减jar.

3、配置spring mvc的配置文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

    xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/task

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- Spring MVC配置 -->

    <context:annotation-config />

    <!--扫描注解 -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.tf" />

    <!--默认的mvc注解映射的支持 -->

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 支持异步方法执行 -->

    <task:annotation-driven /> 

    <!-- 视图解析器和json解析器 -->

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">

        <property name="mediaTypes">

            <map>

                <entry key="html" value="text/html"/>

                <entry key="json" value="application/json"/>

            </map>

        </property>

        <property name="viewResolvers">

            <list>

                <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

                    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 -->

                    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>

                </bean>

            </list>

        </property>

        <property name="defaultViews">

            <list>

                <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJackson2JsonView" />

            </list>

        </property>

    </bean>

    <!-- 文件上传解析器 -->

    <bean id="multipartResolver"

        class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">

        <!-- one of the properties available; the maximum file size in bytes -->

        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="-1"/>

    </bean>

    <!-- 总错误处理 -->

    <bean id="exceptionResolver"

        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">

        <property name="defaultErrorView">

            <value>/error</value>

        </property>

        <property name="defaultStatusCode">

            <value>500</value>

        </property>

        <property name="warnLogCategory">

            <value>org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver

            </value>

        </property>

    </bean>

    <!-- 对静态资源文件的访问 -->

    <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/" cache-period="31556926" />

    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" cache-period="31556926" />

    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" cache-period="31556926" />

    <!-- 数据库和事务配置 -->

    <!-- 加载配置文件 -->

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

    <!-- 定义数据源 -->

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"

        destroy-method="close">

        <property name="driverClass">

            <value>${jdbc.driverClass}</value>

        </property>

        <property name="jdbcUrl">

            <value>${jdbc.url}</value>

        </property>

        <property name="user">

            <value>${jdbc.username}</value>

        </property>

        <property name="password">

            <value>${jdbc.password}</value>

        </property>

        <!--连接池中保留的最小连接数。 -->

        <property name="minPoolSize">

            <value>${c3p0.minPoolSize}</value>

        </property>

        <!--连接池中保留的最大连接数。Default: 15 -->

        <property name="maxPoolSize">

            <value>${c3p0.maxPoolSize}</value>

        </property>

        <!--初始化时获取的连接数，取值应在minPoolSize与maxPoolSize之间。Default: 3 -->

        <property name="initialPoolSize">

            <value>${c3p0.initialPoolSize}</value>

        </property>

        <!--每30秒检查所有连接池中的空闲连接。Default: 0 -->

        <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod">

            <value>${c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod}</value>

        </property>

    </bean>

    <!-- weblogic推荐使用jndi连接池 -->

    <!--

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">

        <property name="jndiName">

            <value>java:comp/env/jdbc/myDatasource</value>

        </property>

    </bean>

    -->

    <!-- 定义jdbcTemplate -->

    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

        <property name="dataSource">

            <ref bean="dataSource"/>

        </property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="namedParameterJdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate">

        <constructor-arg><ref bean="dataSource"/></constructor-arg>

    </bean>

    <!-- 定义事务管理器 -->

    <bean id="transactionManager"

        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

        <property name="dataSource">

            <ref bean="dataSource" />

        </property>

    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务特性 ，配置add、delete和update开始的方法，事务传播特性为required -->

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">

        <tx:attributes>

            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

            <tx:method name="login*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

            <tx:method name="regist*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

            <tx:method name="*" read-only="true" />

        </tx:attributes>

    </tx:advice>

    <!-- 配置那些类的方法进行事务管理 -->

    <aop:config>

        <aop:pointcut id="allManagerMethod" expression="execution (* com.tf.*.service.*.*(..))" />

        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allManagerMethod" />

    </aop:config>

</beans>

4、配置log4j

log4j.rootCategory=INFO, stdout , R   

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender

log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout

log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[TF] %p [%t] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n   

log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender

log4j.appender.R.File=E:/mylog.log

log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout

log4j.appender.R.Threshold = WARN

log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%d-[TF] %p %t %c - %m%n


#全局异常记录

log4j.logger.org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver=WARN
#项目的异常记录

log4j.logger.com.tf=ERROR

5、编写测试代码

package com.tf.model1.controller;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;

import org.springframework.validation.ObjectError;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.RedirectAttributes;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.RequestContextUtils;

import com.tf.model1.bean.User;

import com.tf.model1.service.TestService;

@Controller

//@RequestMapping(value="/test")

public class TestRestController {

    @Resource

    private TestService testService;

    //接收get请求

    @RequestMapping(value="/test",method=RequestMethod.GET)

    //可以自动根据名称映射参数，也可以手动指定

    public String test(@RequestParam(value="name",defaultValue="admin")String username,HttpServletRequest request){

    //public String test(@RequestParam("name")String username,HttpServletRequest request){

    //public String test(String name,HttpServletRequest request){

        //获取到spring的applicationContext对象

        WebApplicationContext context = RequestContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(request);

        System.out.println("-------------------> name:" +username);

        return "test";

    }

    //redirect/forward:url方式转到另一个Action进行连续的处理

    @RequestMapping("/redirect")

    public String testRedirect(){

        return "redirect:/index.jsp";

    }

    //重定向并携带参数

    @RequestMapping("/redirectAttribute")

    public String testRdirectWithAttribute(RedirectAttributes attributes){

        attributes.addAttribute("name", "zhangsan");

        return "redirect:/login.jsp";

    }

    //上传1

    @RequestMapping(value = "/upload", method = RequestMethod.POST)

    public String upload(@RequestParam("name") String name,

            @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file,RedirectAttributes attributes){

        System.out.println("param:"+name);

        if(!file.isEmpty()){

            System.out.println("upload ok");

        }

        attributes.addAttribute("name", "upload success");

        return "redirect:/login.jsp";

    }

    //接收ajax请求

    //使用url的表达式动态传递参数

    //返回json

    @RequestMapping("/uri/{userId}")

    //多个url参数可以用多个注解和方法参数来接收

    public @ResponseBody Map uriTemplate(@PathVariable String userId){

    //也可以这么写

    //public @ResponseBody Map uriTemplate(@PathVariable("userId") String loginUserId){

        System.out.println("url的参数为:"+userId);

        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();

        map.put("user", userId);

        return map;

    }

    //测试另外一种json方式

    @RequestMapping(value="/nextjson",produces="application/json")

    //写在方法上还是返回参数前效果一致

    //@ResponseBody

    public @ResponseBody String testNextJson(){

        return "json";

    }

    //调用业务类执行保存操作

    @RequestMapping(value="/save",produces="application/json")

    public @ResponseBody Map<String, String> testSave(){

        this.testService.save();

        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();

        map.put("isOk", "success");

        return map;

    }

    //spring使用hibernate的valid进行数据校验

    @RequestMapping("/login")

    public String testValid(@Valid User user, BindingResult result){

        if (result.hasErrors()){

            List<ObjectError> errorList = result.getAllErrors();

            for(ObjectError error : errorList){

                System.out.println(error.getDefaultMessage());

            }

        }

        return "test";

    }

}

package com.tf.model1.bean;

import javax.validation.constraints.Max;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;

import com.tf.common.db.PK;

import com.tf.common.db.Table;

/**

 *

@Null

限制只能为null

@NotNull

限制必须不为null

@AssertFalse

限制必须为false

@AssertTrue

限制必须为true

@DecimalMax(value)

限制必须为一个不大于指定值的数字

@DecimalMin(value)

限制必须为一个不小于指定值的数字

@Digits(integer,fraction)

限制必须为一个小数，且整数部分的位数不能超过integer，小数部分的位数不能超过fraction

@Future

限制必须是一个将来的日期

@Max(value)

限制必须为一个不大于指定值的数字

@Min(value)

限制必须为一个不小于指定值的数字

@Past

限制必须是一个过去的日期

@Pattern(value)

限制必须符合指定的正则表达式

@Size(max,min)

限制字符长度必须在min到max之间

 *

 * @author yzl

 *

 */

@Table("T_USER")

public class User {

    @PK

    private String userId;

    @NotNull(message="名字不能为空")

    private String userName;

    @Max(value=120,message="年龄最大不能查过120")

    private int age;

    @Email(message="邮箱格式错误")

    private String email;

    public String getEmail() {

        return email;

    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {

        this.email = email;

    }

    public String getUserId() {

        return userId;

    }

    public void setUserId(String userId) {

        this.userId = userId;

    }

    public String getUserName() {

        return userName;

    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {

        this.userName = userName;

    }

    public int getAge() {

        return age;

    }

    public void setAge(int age) {

        this.age = age;

    }

}

<mvc:annotation-driven />的具体说明：

<mvc:annotation-driven /> 是一种简写形式，完全可以手动配置替代这种简写形式，简写形式可以让初学都快速应用默认配置方案。

<mvc:annotation-driven /> 会自动注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping与AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter 两个bean,是spring MVC为@Controllers分发请求所必须的。
并提供了：数据绑定支持，@NumberFormatannotation支持，@DateTimeFormat支持，@Valid支持，读写XML的支持（JAXB），读写JSON的支持（Jackson）。

巴特西

spring MVC环境搭建

<mvc:annotation-driven />的具体说明：

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