Zookeeper的shell操作

Zookeeper命令工具

在启动Zookeeper服务之后，输入以下命令，连接到Zookeeper服务：

[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ zkCli.sh -server hadoop2:2181
 [hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ zkCli.sh -server hadoop2:2181

 Connecting to hadoop2:2181

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,744 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.4.10-39d3a4f269333c922ed3db283be479f9deacaa0f, built on 03/23/2017 10:13 GMT

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,748 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:host.name=hadoop1

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,749 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.version=1.8.0_73

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,751 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.vendor=Oracle Corporation

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,751 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.home=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_73/jre

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,751 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.class.path=/home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../build/classes:/home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../lib/netty-3.10.5.Final.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../zookeeper-3.4.10.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf::/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_73/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_73/jre/lib

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,751 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,751 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,751 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:java.compiler=<NA>

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,752 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.name=Linux

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,752 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.arch=amd64

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,752 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:os.version=2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,752 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.name=hadoop

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,752 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.home=/home/hadoop

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,752 [myid:] - INFO  [main:Environment@100] - Client environment:user.dir=/home/hadoop

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,755 [myid:] - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client connection, connectString=hadoop2:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@5c29bfd

 Welcome to ZooKeeper!

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,789 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(hadoop2:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1032] - Opening socket connection to server hadoop2/192.168.123.103:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error)

 JLine support is enabled

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,931 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(hadoop2:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@876] - Socket connection established to hadoop2/192.168.123.103:2181, initiating session

 2018-03-21 19:55:53,977 [myid:] - INFO  [main-SendThread(hadoop2:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1299] - Session establishment complete on server hadoop2/192.168.123.103:2181, sessionid = 0x262486284b70000, negotiated timeout = 30000

 WATCHER::

 WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null

 [zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 0]

连接成功之后，系统会输出Zookeeper的相关环境及配置信息，并在屏幕输出“welcome to Zookeeper！”等信息。

输入help之后，屏幕会输出可用的Zookeeper命令，如下图所示

使用Zookeeper命令的简单操作步骤

(1) 使用ls命令查看当前Zookeeper中所包含的内容：ls /

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /

[zookeeper]

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 2]

(2) 创建一个新的Znode节点"aa"，以及和它相关字符，执行命令：create /aa "my first zk"，默认是不带编号的

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 2] create /aa "my first zk"

Created /aa

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 3]

　　创建带编号的持久性节点"bb"，

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] create -s /bb "bb"

Created /bb0000000001

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ]

　　创建不带编号的临时节点"cc"

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] create -e /cc "cc"

Created /cc

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ]

　　创建带编号的临时节点"dd"

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] create -s -e /dd "dd"

Created /dd0000000003

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ]

(3) 再次使用ls命令来查看现在Zookeeper的中所包含的内容：ls /

[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] ls /
[cc, dd0000000003, zookeeper, bb0000000001]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5]

此时看到，aa节点已经被创建。

关闭本次连接回话session，再重新打开一个连接

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] close

-- ::, [myid:] - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@] - Session: 0x1624c10e8d90000 closed

[zk: localhost:(CLOSED) ] -- ::, [myid:] - INFO  [main-EventThread:ClientCnxn$EventThread@] - EventThread shut down for session: 0x1624c10e8d90000

[zk: localhost:(CLOSED) ] ls /

Not connected

[zk: localhost:(CLOSED) ] connect hadoop1:2181

重新查看，临时节点已经随着上一次的会话关闭自动删除了

[zk: hadoop1:(CONNECTED) ] ls /

[zookeeper, bb0000000001]

[zk: hadoop1:(CONNECTED) ]

(4) 使用get命令来确认第二步中所创建的Znode是否包含我们创建的字符串，执行命令：get /aa

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 4] get /aa

my first zk

cZxid = 0x100000002

ctime = Wed Mar 21 20:01:02 CST 2018

mZxid = 0x100000002

mtime = Wed Mar 21 20:01:02 CST 2018

pZxid = 0x100000002

cversion = 0

dataVersion = 0

aclVersion = 0

ephemeralOwner = 0x0

dataLength = 11

numChildren = 0

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 5]

(5) 接下来通过set命令来对zk所关联的字符串进行设置，执行命令：set /aa haha123

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 6] set /aa haha123 

cZxid = 0x100000002

ctime = Wed Mar 21 20:01:02 CST 2018

mZxid = 0x100000004

mtime = Wed Mar 21 20:04:10 CST 2018

pZxid = 0x100000002

cversion = 0

dataVersion = 1

aclVersion = 0

ephemeralOwner = 0x0

dataLength = 7

numChildren = 0

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 7]

(6) 再次使用get命令来查看，上次修改的内容，执行命令：get /aa

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 7] get /aa

haha123

cZxid = 0x100000002

ctime = Wed Mar 21 20:01:02 CST 2018

mZxid = 0x100000004

mtime = Wed Mar 21 20:04:10 CST 2018

pZxid = 0x100000002

cversion = 0

dataVersion = 1

aclVersion = 0

ephemeralOwner = 0x0

dataLength = 7

numChildren = 0

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 8]

(7) 下面我们将刚才创建的Znode删除，执行命令：delete /aa

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 8] delete /aa

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 9]

(8) 最后再次使用ls命令查看Zookeeper中的内容，执行命令：ls /

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 9] ls /

[zookeeper]

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 10]

经过验证，zk节点已经删除。

(9) 退出，执行命令：quit

[zk: hadoop2:2181(CONNECTED) 10] quit

Quitting...

2018-03-21 20:07:11,133 [myid:] - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@684] - Session: 0x262486284b70000 closed

2018-03-21 20:07:11,139 [myid:] - INFO  [main-EventThread:ClientCnxn$EventThread@519] - EventThread shut down for session: 0x262486284b70000

[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$

状态信息

查看一个文件的状态信息

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] stat /a

cZxid = 0x200000009

ctime = Thu Mar  :: CST

mZxid = 0x200000009

mtime = Thu Mar  :: CST

pZxid = 0x200000009

cversion =

dataVersion =

aclVersion =

ephemeralOwner = 0x0

dataLength =

numChildren =

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ]

详细解释：

zxid： 一个事务编号，zookeeper集群内部的所有事务，都有一个全局的唯一的顺序的编号

　　它由两部分组成： 就是一个 64位的长整型 long

　　高32位: 用来标识leader关系是否改变，如   0x2　　

　　低32位： 用来做当前这个leader领导期间的全局的递增的事务编号，如    00000009

状态属性 说明
cZxid  数据节点创建时的事务ID
ctime  数据节点创建时的时间
mZxid  数据节点最后一次更新时的事务ID
mtime  数据节点最后一次更新时的时间
pZxid  数据节点的子节点列表最后一次被修改（是子节点列表变更，而不是子节点内容变更）时的事务ID
cversion  子节点的版本号
dataVersion  数据节点的版本号
aclVersion  数据节点的ACL版本号 
ephemeralOwner   如果节点是临时节点，则表示创建该节点的会话的SessionID；如果节点是持久节点，则该属性值为0
dataLength  数据内容的长度
numChildren  数据节点当前的子节点个数

（1）修改节点a的数据，mZxid、dataVersion、dataLength 存储信息发生变化

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] set /a 'aaa'

cZxid = 0x200000009

ctime = Thu Mar  :: CST 

mZxid = 0x20000000a

mtime = Thu Mar  :: CST

pZxid = 0x200000009

cversion = 

dataVersion = 1

aclVersion =

ephemeralOwner = 0x0

dataLength = 3

numChildren =

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ]

（2）创建新的节点b，状态信息都会发生变化，zxid的事物ID也会增加

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] stat /b

cZxid = 0x20000000b

ctime = Thu Mar  :: CST

mZxid = 0x20000000b

mtime = Thu Mar  :: CST

pZxid = 0x20000000b

cversion =

dataVersion =

aclVersion =

ephemeralOwner = 0x0

dataLength =

numChildren =

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ]

（3）在a节点下面新增节点c，pZxid、cversion、numChildren 发生改变

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] create /a/c 'c'

Created /a/c

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] stat /a

cZxid = 0x200000009

ctime = Thu Mar  :: CST

mZxid = 0x20000000a

mtime = Thu Mar  :: CST 

pZxid = 0x20000000c

cversion = 1

dataVersion =

aclVersion =

ephemeralOwner = 0x0

dataLength = 

numChildren = 1

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ]

（4）ephemeralOwner 持久性的节点信息是0x0临时的几点信息是本次会话的sessionid，如图

(5)  将leader干掉，此时第二台机器成为leader，重新创建一个文件y，此时发现czxid的前3位和之前发生变化，说明换了leader

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] create /y 'yy'

Created /y

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ] stat /y

cZxid = 0x300000003

ctime = Thu Mar  :: CST

mZxid = 0x300000003

mtime = Thu Mar  :: CST

pZxid = 0x300000003

cversion =

dataVersion =

aclVersion =

ephemeralOwner = 0x0

dataLength =

numChildren =

[zk: localhost:(CONNECTED) ]

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