Httpd服务入门知识-使用mod_deflate模块压缩页面优化传输速度
2024-09-03 10:22:35
Httpd服务入门知识-使用mod_deflate模块压缩页面优化传输速度
作者:尹正杰
版权声明:原创作品,谢绝转载!否则将追究法律责任。
一.mod_deflate模块概述
mod_deflate模块功能:
压缩页面从而优化传输速度 mod_deflate模块适用场景:
()节约带宽,额外消耗CPU;同时,可能有些较老浏览器不支持
()压缩适于压缩的资源,例如文本文件
LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so SetOutputFilter DEFLATE
SetOutputFilter DEFLATE
# Restrict compression to these MIME types
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xhtml+xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/javascript
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/css
()Level of compression (支持的压缩级别Highest - Lowest )
DeflateCompressionLevel
()排除特定旧版本的浏览器,不支持压缩
Netscape .x 只压缩text/html
BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/ gzip-only-text/html
Netscape 4.06-08三个版本 不压缩
BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/\.[] no-gzip
Internet Explorer标识本身为"Mozilla / 4",但实际上是能够处理请求的压缩。如果用户代理首部匹配字符串“MSIE”(“B”为单词边界”),就关闭之前定义的限制
BrowserMatch \bMSI[E] !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html 博主推荐阅读:
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_deflate.html
二.准备测试数据
1>.创建测试文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h /var/log/messages
-rw-r--r-- root root 119K Dec : /var/log/messages
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# touch /var/www/html/asite/log.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h /var/www/html/asite/log.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : /var/www/html/asite/log.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# for _ in `seq `; do cat /var/log/messages >> /var/www/html/asite/log.txt;done #我们将"/var/log/message"内容遍历100次写入到"/var/www/html/asite/log.txt"文件中
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h /var/www/html/asite/log.txt #很明显,文件相比"/var/log/message"要打了1000倍。
-rw-r--r-- root root 117M Dec : /var/www/html/asite/log.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
2>.编写httpd服务端的配置
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# egrep -v "^ *#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
Listen
Include conf.modules.d/*.conf
User apache
Group apache
ServerAdmin root@localhost
<Directory />
AllowOverride none
Require all denied
</Directory>
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
<Directory "/var/www">
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<Directory "/var/www/html">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>
<Files ".ht*">
Require all denied
</Files>
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"
LogLevel warn
<IfModule log_config_module>
LogFormat "%h %l %u %{%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S}t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" testlog
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
<IfModule logio_module>
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
</IfModule>
CustomLog "logs/access_log" testlog
</IfModule>
<IfModule alias_module>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
</IfModule>
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<IfModule mime_module>
TypesConfig /etc/mime.types
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddType text/html .shtml
AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
<IfModule mime_magic_module>
MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>
EnableSendfile on
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# egrep -v "^ *#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf #查看主配置文件内容
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# egrep -v "^ *#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf | grep ServerRoot
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# egrep -v "^ *#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf | grep IncludeOptional
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf.d/virtualHost.conf
<VirtualHost "*:80">
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/asite"
ServerName "www.a.com" #别忘记在这里写上相应的虚拟主机的名称哟~以下配置类似修改即可。
<Directory "/var/www/html/asite">
Require all granted
</Directory>
CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/access_asite_log" testlog
</VirtualHost> <VirtualHost "*:80">
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/bsite"
ServerName "www.b.org"
<Directory "/var/www/html/bsite">
Require all granted
</Directory>
CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/access_bsite_log" testlog
</VirtualHost> <VirtualHost "*:80">
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/csite"
ServerName "www.c.net"
<Directory "/var/www/html/csite">
Require all granted
</Directory>
CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/access_csite_log" testlog
</VirtualHost>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl reload httpd
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
3>.验证客户端是否可以正常访问"log.txt"
三.配置虚拟主机压缩案例(生产环境中强烈推荐启用压缩功能,尤其是把大文件上传到CDN节点时,如果你不压缩文件,你就会浪费带宽,而这个带宽成本的浪费实际上是你们公司来买单!)
1>.编辑httpd服务器的配置文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# egrep -v "^ *#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
Listen
Include conf.modules.d/*.conf
User apache
Group apache
ServerAdmin root@localhost
<Directory />
AllowOverride none
Require all denied
</Directory>
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
<Directory "/var/www">
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<Directory "/var/www/html">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>
<Files ".ht*">
Require all denied
</Files>
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"
LogLevel warn
<IfModule log_config_module>
LogFormat "%h %l %u %{%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S}t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" testlog
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
<IfModule logio_module>
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
</IfModule>
CustomLog "logs/access_log" testlog
</IfModule>
<IfModule alias_module>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
</IfModule>
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<IfModule mime_module>
TypesConfig /etc/mime.types
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
AddType text/html .shtml
AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
<IfModule mime_magic_module>
MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>
EnableSendfile on
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# egrep -v "^ *#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf #查看主配置文件内容
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# egrep -v "^ *#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf | grep ServerRoot
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# egrep -v "^ *#|^$" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf | grep IncludeOptional
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf.d/virtualHost.conf
<VirtualHost "*:80">
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/asite"
ServerName "www.a.com"
<Directory "/var/www/html/asite">
Require all granted
</Directory>
CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/access_asite_log" testlog
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain #压缩文本文件(text),以"*.txt"结尾的文本文件,比如"log.txt"
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html #压缩文本文件(text),以"*.html"结尾的超文本文件,比如"index.html"
DeflateCompressionLevel 9
</VirtualHost> <VirtualHost "*:80">
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/bsite"
ServerName "www.b.org"
<Directory "/var/www/html/bsite">
Require all granted
</Directory>
CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/access_bsite_log" testlog
</VirtualHost> <VirtualHost "*:80">
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/csite"
ServerName "www.c.net"
<Directory "/var/www/html/csite">
Require all granted
</Directory>
CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/access_csite_log" testlog
</VirtualHost>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl reload httpd
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
2>.验证客户端是否支持压缩了
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