Oracle 11gR2用gpnp profile存放ASM的spfile路径

从Oracle 11gR2开始，GI集成了ASM，OCR/VOTEDISK也存放在ASM磁盘组了(11gR2以前需要存放于裸设备中)，同时ASM的功能较10g也有很大增强。

我们先引入一个问题：11gR2中，OCR/VOTEDISK存放在ASM磁盘组，这也就意味着在GI能够启动的前提是能够顺利启动ASM实例并且能够将相应磁盘组MOUNT起来；而ASM的spfile却放在ASM磁盘组里，这也同样意味着要先启动ASM实例并且能读到参数文件。那如何解决这个问题呢？ 11gR2中引入了pgnp profile，用于存放ASM参数文件路径，这允许oracle在ASM实例启动以前读到参数文件。

11gR2的RAC环境中,ASM的参数文件存放于ASM磁盘组里面.ASM实例启动时候,寻找参数文件的顺序如下,直接找到为止:

1. Grid Plug and Play (GPnP) profile

2. spfile+ASM<node_number>.ora

3. init+ASM<node_number>.ora

请注意: 以上红色字体部分!!!

因此,11gR2中可以没有pfile,可以将ASM参数保存在gpnp profile中,在管理上省下了很多工作.

11gR2RAC环境中,ASM的参数文件支持备份(spbackup),拷贝(spcopy),移动(spmove),查询gpnp profile(spget),设置(spset)等操作特别需要注意一点,ASM的参数文件最好放在ASM磁组里,同时确保每个集群成员的gpnp都为同一个路径

以简单例子说明，如何将ASM的spfile重新保存至ASM磁盘组

=============================================

准备环境

ASMCMD> ls -l

Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name

ASMPARAMETERFILE UNPROT COARSE DEC 14 15:00:00 Y REGISTRY.253.866303695

N spfileasm.ora => +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866303695 ----注意这里是链接

ASMCMD> pwd

+OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE

ASMCMD> spcopy +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866303695 +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/spcopy.ora

ORA-15056: additional error message

ORA-17502: ksfdcre:4 Failed to create file +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/spcopy.ora

ORA-15268: internal Oracle file +OCR_VOTE.253.1 already exists.

ORA-06512: at line 7 (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)

ASMCMD>spget

/home/grid/registry.253.839197161 --当前gpnp profile配置。该spfile是用spcopy命令生成的

ASMCMD> spmove REGISTRY.253.866303695 old_ora.bak ---删除默认的SPFILE将导致路径缺失

ASMCMD> ls -l

ASMCMD-8002: entry 'ASMPARAMETERFILE' does not exist in directory '+OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/'

实例环境就绪，以下是解决办法：

ASMCMD> spget

/home/grid/registry.253.839197161

ASMCMD>spcopy /home/grid/registry.253.839197161 +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/registry.ora --将本地磁盘上的spfile复制至ASM磁盘

ASMCMD> ls -l

Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name

ASMPARAMETERFILE UNPROT COARSE DEC 14 19:00:00 Y REGISTRY.253.866316081

registry.ora => +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866316081 --注意这里是链接!!!!

ASMCMD>spset +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866316081 --更新gpnp profile至链接

ASMCMD> spget

+OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866316081

重启实例生效...

ASMCMD> shutdown --abort

ASM instance shutdown

Connected to an idle instance.

ASMCMD>

ASMCMD> startup

ASM instance started

Total System Global Area 1135747072 bytes

Fixed Size 2260728 bytes

Variable Size 1108320520 bytes

ASM Cache 25165824 bytes

ASM diskgroups mounted

ASM diskgroups volume enabled

ASMCMD> lsdg

State Type Rebal Sector Block AU Total_MB Free_MB Req_mir_free_MB Usable_file_MB Offline_disks Voting_files Name

MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 4094 926 0 926 0 N DATA/

MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 4194304 2032 1592 0 1592 0 Y OCR_VOTE/

ASMCMD> spget

+OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866316081

SQL> show parameter spfile;

NAME TYPE

------------------------------------ ----------------------

VALUE

------------------------------

spfile string

+OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/asmparameterfile/registry.253.866316081 --证实是通过gpnp profile里spfile启动实例

同样,其他数据库节点需要spset更新spfile路径,重启生效即可,此部分操作省略...

Oracle 11gR2 RAC中修改数据库的SPFILE文件位置http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-09/70718.htm

在CentOS 6.4下安装Oracle 11gR2(x64)http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97374.htm

Oracle 11gR2 在VMWare虚拟机中安装步骤http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-09/89579p2.htm

Debian 下安装 Oracle 11g XE R2http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-03/98881.htm

Oracle性能优化之共享池http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-02/54062.htm

更多Oracle相关信息见Oracle专题页面http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=12

本文永久更新链接地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-01/112535.htm

巴特西

Oracle 11gR2用gpnp profile存放ASM的spfile路径

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