已知两种方法。一种是通过httpclient实现（貌似很简单，以后看一下），一种是以下方法：

Client实现：

package common;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONException;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

import org.apache.http.Header;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.*;

import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

/**

 * Created by zipon on 2018/8/27.

 */

public class HttpClientUtil {

    Logger log = new LogUtil("http_log").logger;

    /**

     * Post方式 得到JSONObject

     *

     * @param params post参数

     * @param url

     * @encoding 编码格式，这里直接写死为utf-8

     * @return

     */

    public JSONObject doPost(JSONObject params, String url) throws IOException {

        //创建httpClient连接

        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;

        JSONObject resultJsonObject = new JSONObject();

        try {

            StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(params.toString(),"utf-8");

            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

            //httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json");

            // 为HttpPost设置实体数据

            httpPost.setEntity(entity);

            log.info("******************请求开始********************");

            log.info(String.format("请求url信息:%s",httpPost.getRequestLine()));

            log.info("请求headers信息：");

            String headerList ="";

            for (Header header :httpPost.getAllHeaders()){

                headerList += header.getName()+":"+header.getValue()+"\r\n";

            }

            log.info(headerList);

            log.info("请求body:");

            log.info(httpEntityToJSONObject(httpPost.getEntity()));

            // HttpClient 发送Post请求

            httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

            if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {

                // CloseableHttpResponse

                HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();

                resultJsonObject = httpEntityToJSONObject(httpEntity);

            }else{

                resultJsonObject.put("errorMessage",httpResponse);

            }

            log.info("返回headers信息:");

            log.info(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());

            log.info("返回body:");

            log.info(httpResponse.getEntity());

            log.info("******************请求结束********************");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }finally {

            httpResponse.close();

            httpClient.close();

        }

        return resultJsonObject;

    }

    /**

     * 没有headers 没有cookie插入的快速post

     * @param params

     * @param url

     * @return

     * @throws IOException

     */

//    public BaseResponse doPost(JSONObject params, String url) throws IOException {

//        //创建httpClient连接

//        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

//        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;

//

//        BaseResponse baseResponse = new BaseResponse();

//        try {

//            StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(params.toString(),"utf-8");

//            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

//            // 为HttpPost设置实体数据

//            httpPost.setEntity(entity);

////            默认Content-Type

//            httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json");

//            System.out.println(httpEntityToJSONObject(httpPost.getEntity()));

//            // HttpClient 发送Post请求

//            httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

//            baseResponse = httpResponseToBaseResponse(httpResponse);

//

//        } catch (Exception e) {

//            e.printStackTrace();

//        }finally {

//            httpResponse.close();

//            httpClient.close();

//        }

//        return baseResponse;

//    }

    /**

     * 主用这个

     * @param params

     * @param url

     * @param headers

     * @param cookie

     * @return

     * @throws IOException

     */

    public BaseResponse doPost(JSONObject params, String url ,JSONObject headers ,String cookie) throws IOException {

        //创建httpClient连接

        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;

        BaseResponse baseResponse = new BaseResponse();

        try {

            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

            StringEntity entity;

            if (headers.get("Content-Type")=="application/x-www-form-urlencoded") {

                List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<>(32);

                for (String key : params.keySet()) {

                    pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key,params.get(key).toString()));

                }

                log.info(pairs);

                entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs,"utf-8");

            }

            else {

                entity = new StringEntity(params.toString(), "utf-8");

            }

            addHeaders(httpPost,headers);

            addCookies(httpPost,cookie);

            log.info("******************请求开始********************");

            log.info(String.format("请求url信息:%s",httpPost.getRequestLine()));

            String headerList ="";

            for (Header header :httpPost.getAllHeaders()){

                headerList += header.getName()+":"+header.getValue()+"\r\n";

            }

            log.info("请求headers信息：\r\n"+headerList.substring(0,headerList.length()-2));

//            httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json");

            // 为HttpPost设置实体数据

            httpPost.setEntity(entity);

            log.info("请求body:\n"+httpEntityToJSONObject(httpPost.getEntity()));

//            log.info(httpEntityToJSONObject(httpPost.getEntity()));

            // HttpClient 发送Post请求

            httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

            baseResponse = httpResponseToBaseResponse(httpResponse);

            String repheaderList ="";

            for (Header header :httpResponse.getAllHeaders()){

                repheaderList += header.getName()+":"+header.getValue()+"\r\n";

            }

            log.info("返回headers信息: \r\n"+repheaderList.substring(0,repheaderList.length()-2));

            log.info("返回body:\n"+baseResponse.getResponseBody());

//            log.info(baseResponse.getResponseBody());

            log.info("******************请求结束********************");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }finally {

            httpResponse.close();

            httpClient.close();

        }

        return baseResponse;

    }

//

//    public JSONObject getJSONObjectByGet(String url) throws IOException {

//        JSONObject resultJsonObject=null;

//

//        //创建httpClient连接

//        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

//        // HttpClient 发送Post请求

//        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;

//        try{

//            StringBuilder urlStringBuilder=new StringBuilder(url);

//            //利用URL生成一个HttpGet请求

//            HttpGet httpGet=new HttpGet(urlStringBuilder.toString());

////            httpGet.setHeader("Content-Type","text/123");

//            System.out.println(httpGet.getMethod());

//            for (Header header :httpGet.getAllHeaders()){

//                String key = header.getName();

//                String value = header.getValue();

//                System.out.println(String.format("%s:%s",key,value));

//            }

//            System.out.println(httpGet.getProtocolVersion());

//            System.out.println(httpGet.getRequestLine());

//

//            httpResponse=httpClient.execute(httpGet);

//        } catch (Exception e) {

//            e.printStackTrace();

//        }finally{

//            httpResponse.close();

//            httpClient.close();

//        }

//        //得到httpResponse的状态响应码

//        if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()== HttpStatus.SC_OK) {

//            //得到httpResponse的实体数据

//            HttpEntity httpEntity=httpResponse.getEntity();

//            resultJsonObject = httpEntityToJSONObject(httpEntity);

//        }

//        return resultJsonObject;

//    }

    /**

     * 不带headers、cookies参数的get请求

     * @param url

     * @return

     * @throws IOException

     */

    public BaseResponse doGet(String url) throws IOException  {

        //创建httpClient连接

        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        // HttpClient 发送get请求

        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;

        BaseResponse baseResponse = new BaseResponse();

        try{

            StringBuilder urlStringBuilder=new StringBuilder(url);

            //利用URL生成一个HttpGet请求

            HttpGet httpGet=new HttpGet(urlStringBuilder.toString());

            log.info("******************请求开始********************");

            log.info(String.format("请求url信息:%s",httpGet.getRequestLine()));

            String headerList ="";

            for (Header header :httpGet.getAllHeaders()){

                headerList += header.getName()+":"+header.getValue()+"\r\n";

            }

            log.info("请求headers信息：\r\n"+headerList.substring(0,headerList.length()-2));

            httpResponse=httpClient.execute(httpGet);

            baseResponse = httpResponseToBaseResponse(httpResponse);

            String repheaderList ="";

            for (Header header :httpResponse.getAllHeaders()){

                repheaderList += header.getName()+":"+header.getValue()+"\r\n";

            }

            log.info("返回headers信息: \r\n"+repheaderList.substring(0,repheaderList.length()-2));

            log.info("返回body:");

            log.info(baseResponse.getResponseBody());

            log.info("******************请求结束********************");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }finally{

            httpResponse.close();

            httpClient.close();

        }

        return baseResponse;

    }

    public BaseResponse doGet(String url,JSONObject headers,String cookies) throws IOException {

        //创建httpClient连接

        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        // HttpClient 发送get请求

        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;

        BaseResponse baseResponse = new BaseResponse();

        try{

            StringBuilder urlStringBuilder=new StringBuilder(url);

            //利用URL生成一个HttpGet请求

            HttpGet httpGet=new HttpGet(urlStringBuilder.toString());

            addHeaders(httpGet,headers);

            addCookies(httpGet,cookies);

            log.info("******************请求开始********************");

            log.info(String.format("请求url信息:%s",httpGet.getRequestLine()));

            String headerList ="";

            for (Header header :httpGet.getAllHeaders()){

                headerList += header.getName()+":"+header.getValue()+"\r\n";

            }

            log.info("请求headers信息：\r\n"+headerList.substring(0,headerList.length()-2));

            httpResponse=httpClient.execute(httpGet);

            baseResponse = httpResponseToBaseResponse(httpResponse);

            String repheaderList ="";

            for (Header header :httpResponse.getAllHeaders()){

                repheaderList += header.getName()+":"+header.getValue()+"\r\n";

            }

            log.info("返回headers信息: \r\n"+repheaderList.substring(0,repheaderList.length()-2));

            log.info("返回body:");

            log.info(baseResponse.getResponseBody());

            log.info("******************请求结束********************");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }finally{

            httpResponse.close();

            httpClient.close();

        }

        return baseResponse;

    }

    /**

     * 将HttpEntity类转换为JSONObject封装方法,表单键值对格式直接put到formData里去

     * @param httpEntity

     * @return

     */

    public JSONObject httpEntityToJSONObject(HttpEntity httpEntity){

        StringBuilder entityStringBuilder=new StringBuilder();

        JSONObject resultJsonObject=new JSONObject();

        String jsonStr=null;

        if (httpEntity!=null) {

            BufferedReader reader=null;

            try {

                reader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpEntity.getContent(), "UTF-8"), 8*1024);

                String line=null;

                while ((line=reader.readLine())!=null) {

                    entityStringBuilder.append(line);

                }

                // 从HttpEntity中得到的json String数据转为json

                jsonStr=entityStringBuilder.toString();

                resultJsonObject=JSON.parseObject(jsonStr);

            } catch (JSONException e) {

                //如果不是json格式的，应该是表单键值对格式，直接put到formData

                resultJsonObject.put("formData",jsonStr);

            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            } catch (IOException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            } finally {

                if (reader != null) {

                    try {

                        //关闭流

                        reader.close();

                    } catch (IOException e) {

                        e.printStackTrace();

                    }

                }

            }

        }

        return resultJsonObject;

    }

    /**

     * 将httpResponse对象转换为自定义的BaseResponse对象

     * @param httpResponse

     * @return

     */

    public BaseResponse httpResponseToBaseResponse(CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse){

        //        遍历取出headers

        JSONArray headList = new JSONArray();

        for (Header header :httpResponse.getAllHeaders()){

            String key = header.getName();

            String value = header.getValue();

            JSONObject tempJson = new JSONObject();

            tempJson.put(key,value);

            headList.add(tempJson);

        }

        BaseResponse baseResponse = new BaseResponse();

        baseResponse.setHeaders(headList);

        baseResponse.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());

        baseResponse.setResponseBody(httpEntityToJSONObject(httpResponse.getEntity()));

        return baseResponse;

    }

    /**

     * 为httpGet和httpPost加headers

     * @param httpEntityEnclosingRequestBase,HttpGet和HttpPost都是继承这个类

     * @param headers

     * @return

     */

    public HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase addHeaders(HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase httpEntityEnclosingRequestBase, JSONObject headers){

        //循环加header

        if(headers!=null) {

            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : headers.entrySet()) {

                httpEntityEnclosingRequestBase.addHeader(entry.getKey(), String.valueOf(entry.getValue()));

            }

        }

        return httpEntityEnclosingRequestBase;

    }

    /**

     * 为httpGet加headers

     * @param httpRequestBase,HttpGet和HttpPost都是继承这个类

     * @param headers

     * @return

     */

    public HttpRequestBase addHeaders(HttpRequestBase httpRequestBase, JSONObject headers){

        //循环加header

        if(headers!=null) {

            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : headers.entrySet()) {

                httpRequestBase.addHeader(entry.getKey(), String.valueOf(entry.getValue()));

            }

        }

        return httpRequestBase;

    }

    /**

     * 为httpPost加cookies

     * @param httpEntityEnclosingRequestBase,HttpPost是继承这个类

     * @param cookies

     * @return

     */

    public HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase addCookies(HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase httpEntityEnclosingRequestBase,String cookies){

        //循环加cookies

        if(cookies!=null) {

            httpEntityEnclosingRequestBase.addHeader("Cookie", cookies);

        }

        return httpEntityEnclosingRequestBase;

    }

    /**

     * 为httpPost加cookies

     * @param httpRequestBase,HttpGet是继承这个类

     * @param cookies

     * @return

     */

    public HttpRequestBase addCookies(HttpRequestBase httpRequestBase, String cookies){

        //循环加cookies

        if(cookies!=null) {

            httpRequestBase.addHeader("Cookie", cookies);

        }

        return httpRequestBase;

    }

}
 import java.io.*;

 import java.net.URL;

 import java.net.URLConnection;

 /**

  * @author kin

  * @version $: v 0.1 2016/8/23 Exp $$

  */

 public class httpTest {

     public static void sendGet() throws IOException {

         BufferedReader in1 = null;

         // 1.创建URL类

         URL urlString = new URL("https://www.baidu.com");

         // 2.打开和URL之间的连接

         URLConnection connection1 = urlString.openConnection();

         // 3.设置通用的请求属性

             connection1.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");

             connection1.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8;");

             connection1.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");

             connection1.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "testDemo");

             // 4.建立实际的连接

             connection1.connect();

             // 5.定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应

             in1 = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection1.getInputStream()));

             String line = null;

             while ((line = in1.readLine()) != null) {

                 System.out.println(line);

             }

             // 6.使用finally块来关闭输入流

             in1.close();

     }

     public static void sendPost(String data) {

         String charSet = "utf-8";

         BufferedReader in1 = null;

         PrintWriter out = null;

         // 1.创建URL类

         try {

             URL urlPost = new URL("http://www.baidu.com");

             // 2.打开和URL之间的连接

             URLConnection connectionPost = urlPost.openConnection();

             // 3.设置通用的请求属性

             connectionPost.setConnectTimeout(30000);

             connectionPost.setReadTimeout(30000);

             connectionPost.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");

             connectionPost.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=" + charSet);

             connectionPost.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");

             connectionPost.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "testDemoPost");

             // 4.建立实际的连接

             connectionPost.connect();

             // 5.发送post请求必须设置如下两行,设置了这两行，就可以对URL连接进行输入/输出

             connectionPost.setDoInput(true);

             connectionPost.setDoOutput(true);

             // 6.获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流

             out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(connectionPost.getOutputStream(), charSet));

             // 7.发送请求参数

             out.print(data);

             // 8.清空缓存区的缓存

             out.flush();

             // 9.定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应

             in1 = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connectionPost.getInputStream(), charSet));

         } catch (IOException e) {

             e.printStackTrace();

         }// 10.使用finally块来关闭输入流

         finally {

             try {

                 out.close();

                 in1.close();

             }catch(Exception e){

                 e.printStackTrace();

             }

         }

     }

     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

         httpTest.sendGet();

     }

 }

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