C#中socket的简单使用

一.Socket的概念
Socket其实并不是一个协议,而是为了方便使用TCP或UDP而抽象出来的一层,是位于应用层和传输控制层之间的一组接口.

当两台主机通信是,必须通过Socket连接,Socket则利用TCP/IP协议建立TCP连接.TCP连接则更依赖于底层的IP协议.Socket是控制层传输协议.

双向的通信连接实现数据的交换,连接的一端成为一个Socket.

二.网络通信三要素
IP地址(网络上主机设备的唯一标识)
端口号(定位程序)
有效端口:0~65535,其中0~1024由系统使用,开发中一般使用1024以上端口.
传输协议(用什么样的方式进行交互)
常见协议:TCP(面向连接,提供可靠的服务),UDP(无连接,传输速度快)
三.Socket的通信流程

四.C#中Socket的简单使用步骤
第一步:服务端监听某个端口

第二步:客户端向服务端地址和端口发起Socket请求

第三步:服务器接收连接请求后创建Socket连接,并维护这个连接队列

第四步:客户端和服务端就建立起了双工同信,客户端与服务端就可以实现彼此发送消息

五.简单代码实例
1.服务端代码

  1 using System;

  2 using System.Collections.Generic;

  3 using System.Linq;

  4 using System.Net;

  5 using System.Net.Sockets;

  6 using System.Text;

  7 using System.Threading;

  8

  9 namespace SocketUtil

 10 {

 11     public class SocketServer

 12     {

 13         private string _ip = string.Empty;

 14         private int _port = 0;

 15         private Socket _socket = null;

 16         private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2];

 17         /// <summary>

 18         /// 构造函数

 19         /// </summary>

 20         /// <param name="ip">监听的IP</param>

 21         /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param>

 22         public SocketServer(string ip, int port)

 23         {

 24             this._ip = ip;

 25             this._port = port;

 26         }

 27         public SocketServer(int port)

 28         {

 29             this._ip = "0.0.0.0";

 30             this._port = port;

 31         }

 32

 33         public void StartListen()

 34         {

 35             try

 36             {

 37                 //1.0 实例化套接字(IP4寻找协议,流式协议,TCP协议)

 38                 _socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

 39                 //2.0 创建IP对象

 40                 IPAddress address = IPAddress.Parse(_ip);

 41                 //3.0 创建网络端口,包括ip和端口

 42                 IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint(address, _port);

 43                 //4.0 绑定套接字

 44                 _socket.Bind(endPoint);

 45                 //5.0 设置最大连接数

 46                 _socket.Listen(int.MaxValue);

 47                 Console.WriteLine("监听{0}消息成功", _socket.LocalEndPoint.ToString());

 48                 //6.0 开始监听

 49                 Thread thread = new Thread(ListenClientConnect);

 50                 thread.Start();

 51

 52             }

 53             catch (Exception ex)

 54             {

 55             }

 56         }

 57         /// <summary>

 58         /// 监听客户端连接

 59         /// </summary>

 60         private void ListenClientConnect()

 61         {

 62             try

 63             {

 64                 while (true)

 65                 {

 66                     //Socket创建的新连接

 67                     Socket clientSocket = _socket.Accept();

 68                     clientSocket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("服务端发送消息:"));

 69                     Thread thread = new Thread(ReceiveMessage);

 70                     thread.Start(clientSocket);

 71                 }

 72             }

 73             catch (Exception)

 74             {

 75             }

 76         }

 77

 78         /// <summary>

 79         /// 接收客户端消息

 80         /// </summary>

 81         /// <param name="socket">来自客户端的socket</param>

 82         private void ReceiveMessage(object socket)

 83         {

 84             Socket clientSocket = (Socket)socket;

 85             while (true)

 86             {

 87                 try

 88                 {

 89                     //获取从客户端发来的数据

 90                     int length = clientSocket.Receive(buffer);

 91                     Console.WriteLine("接收客户端{0},消息{1}", clientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, length));

 92                 }

 93                 catch (Exception ex)

 94                 {

 95                     Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);

 96                     clientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);

 97                     clientSocket.Close();

 98                     break;

 99                 }

100             }

101         }

102     }

103 }

1、服务端代码

2、客户端代码

 1 using System;

 2 using System.Collections.Generic;

 3 using System.Linq;

 4 using System.Net;

 5 using System.Net.Sockets;

 6 using System.Text;

 7 using System.Threading;

 8 using System.Threading.Tasks;

 9

10 namespace SocketUtil

11 {

12     public class SocketClient

13     {

14         private string _ip = string.Empty;

15         private int _port = 0;

16         private Socket _socket = null;

17         private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2];

18

19         /// <summary>

20         /// 构造函数

21         /// </summary>

22         /// <param name="ip">连接服务器的IP</param>

23         /// <param name="port">连接服务器的端口</param>

24         public SocketClient(string ip, int port)

25         {

26             this._ip = ip;

27             this._port = port;

28         }

29         public SocketClient(int port)

30         {

31             this._ip = "127.0.0.1";

32             this._port = port;

33         }

34

35         /// <summary>

36         /// 开启服务,连接服务端

37         /// </summary>

38         public void StartClient()

39         {

40             try

41             {

42                 //1.0 实例化套接字(IP4寻址地址,流式传输,TCP协议)

43                 _socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

44                 //2.0 创建IP对象

45                 IPAddress address = IPAddress.Parse(_ip);

46                 //3.0 创建网络端口包括ip和端口

47                 IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint(address, _port);

48                 //4.0 建立连接

49                 _socket.Connect(endPoint);

50                 Console.WriteLine("连接服务器成功");

51                 //5.0 接收数据

52                 int length = _socket.Receive(buffer);

53                 Console.WriteLine("接收服务器{0},消息:{1}", _socket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer,0,length));

54                 //6.0 像服务器发送消息

55                 for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)

56                 {

57                     Thread.Sleep(2000);

58                     string sendMessage = string.Format("客户端发送的消息,当前时间{0}", DateTime.Now.ToString());

59                     _socket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendMessage));

60                     Console.WriteLine("像服务发送的消息:{0}", sendMessage);

61                 }

62             }

63             catch (Exception ex)

64             {

65                 _socket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);

66                 _socket.Close();

67                 Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);

68             }

69             Console.WriteLine("发送消息结束");

70             Console.ReadKey();

71         }

72     }

73 }

2、客户端代码

3、分别开启客户端和服务器

 1 using SocketUtil;

 2 using System;

 3 using System.Collections.Generic;

 4 using System.Linq;

 5 using System.Text;

 6 using System.Threading.Tasks;

 7

 8 namespace SocketClientApp

 9 {

10     class Program

11     {

12         static void Main(string[] args)

13         {

14             SocketClient client = new SocketClient(8888);

15             client.StartClient();

16             Console.ReadKey();

17         }

18     }

19 }

开启客户端代码

 1 using SocketUtil;

 2 using System;

 3 using System.Collections.Generic;

 4 using System.Linq;

 5 using System.Text;

 6 using System.Threading.Tasks;

 7

 8 namespace SocketServerApp

 9 {

10     class Program

11     {

12         static void Main(string[] args)

13         {

14             SocketServer server = new SocketServer(8888);

15             server.StartListen();

16             Console.ReadKey();

17         }

18     }

19 }

开启服务端代码

巴特西

C#中socket的简单使用

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