使用Contacts Contract Content Provider操作通讯录最佳实践

Android向所有被赋予READ_CONTACTS权限的应用程序提供了联系人信息数据库的完全访问权限。Contacts Contract使用3层数据模型去存储数据，下面介绍Contacts Contract的子类：

1.Data 表中的每行都定义了个人的数据集（电话号码，email地址，等等），用MIME类型区分开。尽管有为每个个人数据的类型预定义可用的列名（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds里装有合适的MIME类型），此表能被用来存储任何值。

当向Data表中加入数据的时候，你需要指定与数据集相关的Raw Contact。

2.RawContacts 从Android 2.0（API 5）向前，用户可以增加多个联系人账户的Provider。RawContacts表中的每行定义了一个与数据集相关的账户。说白了就是账户信息。

3.Contacts Contacts表的行聚合了RawContacts中的数据，每行代表了不同的人信息。

读取联系人详情：

首先在庆典文件中添加权限：<uses-permission android:name=”android.permission.READ_CONTACTS”/>

然后是访问Contacts Contract Content Provider：

private String[] getNames() {

    /**

     * Listing 8-36: Accessing the Contacts Contract Contact Content Provider

     */

    // Create a projection that limits the result Cursor

    // to the required columns.

    String[] projection = {

      ContactsContract.Contacts._ID,

      ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME

    };

   // Get a Cursor over the Contacts Provider.

    Cursor cursor =

      getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI,

                                 projection, null, null, null);

    // Get the index of the columns.

    int nameIdx =

      cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME);

    int idIdx =

      cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID);

    // Initialize the result set.

    String[] result = new String[cursor.getCount()];

    // Iterate over the result Cursor.

    while(cursor.moveToNext()) {

      // Extract the name.

      String name = cursor.getString(nameIdx);

      // Extract the unique ID.

      String id = cursor.getString(idIdx);

      result[cursor.getPosition()] = name + " (" + id + ")";

    } 

    // Close the Cursor.

    cursor.close();

    //

    return result;

  }

找到联系人姓名的联系信息：

 private String[] getNameAndNumber() {

    /**

     * Listing 8-37: Finding contact details for a contact name

     */

    ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();

    String[] result = null;

    // Find a contact using a partial name match

    String searchName = "andy";

    Uri lookupUri =

      Uri.withAppendedPath(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_FILTER_URI,

                           searchName);

    // Create a projection of the required column names.

    String[] projection = new String[] {

      ContactsContract.Contacts._ID

    };

    // Get a Cursor that will return the ID(s) of the matched name.

    Cursor idCursor = cr.query(lookupUri,

      projection, null, null, null);

    // Extract the first matching ID if it exists.

    String id = null;

    if (idCursor.moveToFirst()) {

      int idIdx =

        idCursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID);

      id = idCursor.getString(idIdx);

    }

    // Close that Cursor.

    idCursor.close();

    // Create a new Cursor searching for the data associated with the returned Contact ID.

    if (id != null) {

      // Return all the PHONE data for the contact.

      String where = ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID +

        " = " + id + " AND " +

        ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE + " = '" +

        ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE +

        "'";

      projection = new String[] {

        ContactsContract.Data.DISPLAY_NAME,

        ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER

      };

      Cursor dataCursor =

        getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,

          projection, where, null, null);

      // Get the indexes of the required columns.

      int nameIdx =

        dataCursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Data.DISPLAY_NAME);

      int phoneIdx =

        dataCursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(

          ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER);

      result = new String[dataCursor.getCount()];

      while(dataCursor.moveToNext()) {

        // Extract the name.

        String name = dataCursor.getString(nameIdx);

        // Extract the phone number.

        String number = dataCursor.getString(phoneIdx);

        result[dataCursor.getPosition()] = name + " (" + number + ")";

      }

      dataCursor.close();

    }

    return result;

  }

Contacts子类还提供了电话号码查找URI，用来帮助找到与特定电话号码相关的联系人，执行呼叫者ID查找：

private String performCallerId() {

    /**

     * Listing 8-38: Performing a caller-ID lookup

     */

    String incomingNumber = "(650)253-0000";

    String result = "Not Found";

    Uri lookupUri =

      Uri.withAppendedPath(ContactsContract.PhoneLookup.CONTENT_FILTER_URI,

                           incomingNumber);

    String[] projection = new String[] {

      ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME

    };

    Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(lookupUri,

      projection, null, null, null);

    if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {

      int nameIdx =

        cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME);

      result = cursor.getString(nameIdx);

    }

    cursor.close();

    return result;

  }

使用Intent创建和选择联系人，这是一种最佳的实践做法，其优势在于用户在执行相同任务的时候看到的一致的界面，这可以避免用户感到混淆，并且改善用户体验，下面是悬着一个联系人：

  private static int PICK_CONTACT = 0;

  private void pickContact() {

    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,

                               ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI);

    startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_CONTACT);

  }

当选择好之后，作为返回Intent的data属性内的URI返回：

@Override

  protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {

    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

    if ((requestCode == PICK_CONTACT) && (resultCode == RESULT_OK)) {

      resultTextView.setText(data.getData().toString());

    }

  }

插入新联系人：，当然这需要一个权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"/>

之后就可以插入联系人啦！

Intent intent =

      new Intent(ContactsContract.Intents.SHOW_OR_CREATE_CONTACT,

                 ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI);

    intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:(650)253-0000"));

    intent.putExtra(ContactsContract.Intents.Insert.COMPANY, "Google");

    intent.putExtra(ContactsContract.Intents.Insert.POSTAL,

      "1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, California");

    startActivity(intent);

巴特西

使用Contacts Contract Content Provider操作通讯录最佳实践

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