# coding utf-8

# import matplotlib

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import matplotlib

import xlrd

def read_excel(path):

    try:

        list = []

        file = xlrd.open_workbook(path)

        sheet = file.sheet_by_index(0)

        rows = sheet.row_values

        for line in range(0, sheet.nrows):

            list.append(rows(line))

        return list

    except:

        pass

def fun1():

#    population = read_excel(r'renkou2016.xlsx')     # 人口列表

　　 population=[['年末总人口(万人)', 138271.0], ['0-14岁人口(万人)', 23091.0], ['15-64岁人口(万人)', 100246.0], ['65岁及以上人口(万人)', 14933.0]]#测试数据

    date = []

    name = []

    for i in range(0,len(population)):

        date.append(population[i][1])

        name.append(population[i][0])

    # 中文乱码的处理

    plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 步骤一（替换sans-serif字体）

    plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False  # 步骤二（解决坐标轴负数的负号显示问题）

    # 绘图

    plt.bar(range(4), date, align = 'center',color='steelblue', alpha = 0.8)

    # 添加轴标签

    plt.ylabel('人口')   # 添加标题

    plt.title('2016年人口各年龄阶段分布的柱形图')    # 添加刻度标签

    plt.xticks(range(len(date)), name)

    # 设置Y轴的刻度范围

    plt.ylim([5000,150000])

    # 为每个条形图添加数值标签

    for x, y in enumerate(date):

        plt.text(x, y+100, '%s' % round(y, 1), ha='center')      # 显示图形 plt.show()

    return plt

if __name__ == '__main__':

    plt = fun1()

    plt.show()