Django创建

Pycharm里面Django模块安装及项目创建和启动：

Pycharm里面Django模块安装(也可以指定安装源):

创建Django项目：

注意切换到合适的目录进行安装

diango-admin stratproject myfirstDjango(项目名字)

启动diango项目:

方式一：

命令行启动：

python3 manage.py runserver (可以有下面三种写法)

-python3-manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8002
-python3-manage.py runserver 8002
-python3-manage.py runserver

方式二：

pycharm启动：点击绿色箭头

停止就是crl+c

Django项目目录介绍：

settings--django全局配置文件

urls---路由关系

settings文件里面的配置信息：

DEBUG

INSTALLED_APPS---》放app的名字

MIDDLEWARE--》中间件

TEMPLATES---》指定我模板文件放的路径

DATABASES---》指定连接的数据库

静态文件配置：（注意名字不能错）

STATICFILES_DIRS=[

    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),

]

三件套：
render 模板渲染
HttpResponse 返回字符串
redirect 重定向

templates:html模板目录

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/mycss.css">

</head>

<body>

    <h1>Gjango-templates里面index.html</h1>

</body>

</html>

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>登录页面</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css">

</head>

<body>

    <div class="container">

        <div class="row">

            <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">

                <!--<form action="http://127.0.0.1:8000/login_submit/" method="post"> 或者action="/login_submit"  -->

                <!--action指定提交到哪个界面，method='post'指定用什么方式提交，一般有数据的用post-->

                <!--设置为空表示就提交到当前界面-->

                <form action="" method="post">

                    <p>用户名:<input type="text" name="name" class="form-control"></p>

                    <p>密码:<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control"></p>

                    <p ><input type="submit"  class="form-control" value="登录"></p>

                    <!--当用户密码错误时下面增加一条提示信息-->

                    <p class="text-danger text-center">{{ error }}</p>

                </form>

            </div>

        </div>

    </div>

</body>

</html>

urls.py文件：

"""myfirstDjango URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.contrib import admin

from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^index/', views.index),

    url(r'^login/', views.login),

    url(r'^login_submit/', views.login_submit),

]

urls.py

settings.py配置文件：

"""

Django settings for myfirstDjango project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.

For more information on this file, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/

"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production

# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

SECRET_KEY = 't83)1fjgh1a_mfm9**is^mjpaq0+ds^w4lgzjx0aw48!o1h53&'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

DEBUG = True  #测试阶段设置成为true，用于调试，上线后设置成false

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

#App建完之后需要手动添加到settings里面：

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    'django.contrib.admin',

    'django.contrib.auth',

    'django.contrib.contenttypes',

    'django.contrib.sessions',

    'django.contrib.messages',

    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    #2种添加方式推荐第二种方式添加

    # 'appp01',

    'app01.apps.App01Config',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [

    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

    # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'myfirstDjango.urls'

TEMPLATES = [

    {

        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

        #指定templates模板的路径

        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates')],

        'APP_DIRS': True,

        'OPTIONS': {

            'context_processors': [

                'django.template.context_processors.debug',

                'django.template.context_processors.request',

                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

            ],

        },

    },

]

#指定服务器用哪个版本的

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'myfirstDjango.wsgi.application'

# Database

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',

        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),

    }

}

# Password validation

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',

    },

]

# Internationalization

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'   #这个名字和static里面href="/static/css/mycss.css"是对应的（不一定要和目录文件夹名字一致）

STATICFILES_DIRS=[

    #指定模板渲染用的文件和样式：例如图片、css、js、bootstrap

    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),   #要和右侧分类文件夹的名字一致

]

settings.py

views视图：

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect

#render 模板渲染

#HttpResponse 返回字符串

# redirect 重定向

import pymysql

# Create your views here.

def index(request):

    #request是请求体的一个对象，包含了行首、请求体内容，并且已经在内容进行了切分，

    print (request.method) #例如：结果就是GET

    #return HttpResponse(''<h1>Hellw</h1>'') #返回的东西都想响应体里面的

    return render(request,'index.html')  #对页面进行渲染替换并返回给web端（因为在templates里面添加了模板的路径所以直接访问）

def login(request):

    error=''

    print(request.POST)

    if request.method == 'POST':

        name = request.POST['name']

        password = request.POST.get('password',None)

        conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',password='root',database='test',port=3306)

        cursor = conn.cursor(pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)

        cursor.execute('select * from user where  name=%s and password=%s', [name, password])

        user = cursor.fetchone()

        if user:

            return HttpResponse('登录成功')

        else:

            error = '用户名密码错误'

        #render参数后面还可以跟个字典，回去找对应html文件里面对应的变量做渲染替换

    return render(request,'login.html',{'error':error})

def login_submit(request):

    print(request.POST)

    #2种取值方式，推荐用用下那种

    name = request.POST['name']

    # 推荐用这种

    # request.POST  请求体的内容都在里面，字典形式

    # <QueryDict: {'name': ['123'], 'password': ['444']}>

    password = request.POST.get('password',None)

    if name == 'yangzhizong' and password =='':

        #redirect重定向（）

        return redirect('/index/')

    return redirect('/login/')

views视图（响应体页面对象的函数）

apps:

from django.apps import AppConfig

class App01Config(AppConfig):

    name = 'app01'

apps.py

安装apps：

方式一：manage.py startapp app01（app项目的名字）

方式二：

orm：对象关系映射
例如：
python代码------》sql
前端：
$("#app")------>document.getEmlementById（‘app’）

优点：
1 sql掌握一般，也可开发程序
2 开发效率高
3 易用，学习曲线短

缺点：
1 sql大神，执行效率高，可能orm 执行效率低
2 有的复杂的sql语句不能运行

巴特西

Django创建

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