（转载）javascript转自世纪流年blog

（转载）http://www.cnblogs.com/tfe/articles/164205.html

础知识

2005年5月2日22:25星期一 [ Dhtml ]

有些时候你精通一门语言，但是会发现你其实整天在和其它语言打交道，也许你以为这些微不足道，不至于影响你的开发进度，但恰恰是这些你不重视的东西会浪费你很多时间，我一直以为我早在几年前就已经精通JavaScript了，直到目前，我才越来越觉得JavaScript远比我想象的复杂和强大，我开始崇拜它，就像崇拜所有OOP语言一样～
趁着节日的空隙，把有关JavaScript的方法和技巧整理下，让每个在为JavaScript而烦恼的人明白，JavaScript就这么回事！并希望JavaScript还可以成为你的朋友，让你豁然开朗，在项目中更好的应用～

适合阅读范围：对JavaScript一无所知～离精通只差一步之遥的人
基础知识：HTML

1 创建脚本块

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: JavaScript code goes here
3: </script>

2 隐藏脚本代码

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: document.write(“Hello”);
4: // -->
5: </script>

在不支持JavaScript的浏览器中将不执行相关代码

3 浏览器不支持的时候显示

1: <noscript>
2: Hello to the non-JavaScript browser.
3: </noscript>

4 链接外部脚本文件

1: <script language=”JavaScript” src=”filename.js”></script>

5 注释脚本

1: // This is a comment
2: document.write(“Hello”);  // This is a comment
3: /*
4: All of this
5: is a comment
6: */

6 输出到浏览器

1: document.write(“<strong>Hello</strong>”);

7 定义变量

1: var myVariable = “some value”;

8 字符串相加

1: var myString = “String1” + “String2”;

9 字符串搜索

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: var myVariable = “Hello there”;
4: var therePlace = myVariable.search(“there”);
5: document.write(therePlace);
6: // -->
7: </script>

10 字符串替换

1: thisVar.replace(“Monday”,”Friday”);

11 格式化字串

 1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
 2: <!--
 3: var myVariable = “Hello there”;
 4: document.write(myVariable.big() + “<br>”);
 5: document.write(myVariable.blink() + “<br>”);
 6: document.write(myVariable.bold() + “<br>”);
 7: document.write(myVariable.fixed() + “<br>”);
 8: document.write(myVariable.fontcolor(“red”) + “<br>”);
 9: document.write(myVariable.fontsize(“18pt”) + “<br>”);
10: document.write(myVariable.italics() + “<br>”);
11: document.write(myVariable.small() + “<br>”);
12: document.write(myVariable.strike() + “<br>”);
13: document.write(myVariable.sub() + “<br>”);
14: document.write(myVariable.sup() + “<br>”);
15: document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() + “<br>”);
16: document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() + “<br>”);
17: 
18: var firstString = “My String”;
19: var finalString = firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor(“red”);
20: // -->
21: </script>

12 创建数组

 ] = “Fifth Entry”;
 9: var anotherArray = new Array(“First Entry”,”Second Entry”,”Third Entry”,”Fourth Entry”,”Fifth Entry”);
10: // -->
11: </script>

13 数组排序

 ] = “q”;
 9: document.write(myArray.sort());
10: // -->
11: </script>

14 分割字符串

 ]);
 9: // -->
10: </script>

15 弹出警告信息

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: window.alert(“Hello”);
4: // -->
5: </script>

16 弹出确认框

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: var result = window.confirm(“Click OK to continue”);
4: // -->
5: </script>

17 定义函数

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: <!--
3: function multiple(number1,number2) { 
4: var result = number1 * number2;
5: return result;
6: }
7: // -->
8: </script>

18 调用JS函数

1: <a href=”#” onClick=”functionName()”>Link text</a>
2: <a href=”javascript:functionName()”>Link text</a>

19 在页面加载完成后执行函数

1: <body onLoad=”functionName();”>
2: Body of the page
3: </body>

20 条件判断

1: <script>
2: <!--
3: var userChoice = window.confirm(“Choose OK or Cancel”);
4: var result = (userChoice == true) ? “OK” : “Cancel”;
5: document.write(result);
6: // -->
7: </script>

21 指定次数循环

 ; i < myArray.length; i++) { 
 8: document.write(myArray[i] + “<br>”);
 9: }
10: // -->
11: </script>

22 设定将来执行

);
7: // -->
8: </script>

23 定时执行函数

 );
 8: // -->
 9: </script>

24 取消定时执行

 );
 7: window.clearTimeout(myTimeout);
 8: // -->
 9: </script>

25 在页面卸载时候执行函数

1: <body onUnload=”functionName();”>
2: Body of the page
3: </body>

JavaScript就这么回事2：浏览器输出

2005年5月2日23:05星期一 [ Dhtml ]

26 访问document对象

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var myURL = document.URL;
3: window.alert(myURL);
4: </script>

27 动态输出HTML

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: document.write(“<p>Here’s some information about this document:</p>”);
3: document.write(“<ul>”);
4: document.write(“<li>Referring Document: “ + document.referrer + “</li>”);
5: document.write(“<li>Domain: “ + document.domain + “</li>”);
6: document.write(“<li>URL: “ + document.URL + “</li>”);
7: document.write(“</ul>”);
8: </script>

28 输出换行

1: document.writeln(“<strong>a</strong>”);
2: document.writeln(“b”);

29 输出日期

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var thisDate = new Date();
3: document.write(thisDate.toString());
4: </script>

30 指定日期的时区

;
5: var timeZoneDifference = userOffset - myOffset;
6: currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() + timeZoneDifference);
7: document.write(“The time and date in Central Europe is: “ + currentDate.toLocaleString());
8: </script>

31 设置日期输出格式

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var thisDate = new Date();
3: var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + “:” + thisDate.getMinutes();
4: var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + “/” + thisDate.getMonth() + “/” + thisDate.getDate();
5: document.write(thisTimeString + “ on “ + thisDateString);
6: </script>

32 读取URL参数

 ];
 8: document.write(pairName + “ ：“ +pairValue );
 9: }
10: </script>

你还以为HTML是无状态的么？

33 打开一个新的document对象

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: function newDocument() { 
3: document.open();
4: document.write(“<p>This is a New Document.</p>”);
5: document.close();
6: }
7: </script>

34 页面跳转

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.location = “http://www.liu21st.com/”;
3: </script>

35 添加网页加载进度窗口

 1: <html>
 2: <head>
 3: <script language='javaScript'>
 4: var placeHolder = window.open('holder.html','placeholder','width=200,height=200');
 5: </script>
 6: <title>The Main Page</title>
 7: </head>
 8: <body onLoad='placeHolder.close()'>
 9: <p>This is the main page</p>
10: </body>
11: </html>

JavaScript就这么回事3：图像

2005年5月2日23:34星期一 [ Dhtml ]

36 读取图像属性

1: <img src=”image1.jpg” name=”myImage”>
2: <a href=”# ” onClick=”window.alert(document.myImage.width)”>Width</a>
3:

37 动态加载图像

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: myImage = new Image;
3: myImage.src = “Tellers1.jpg”;
4: </script>

38 简单的图像替换

 1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
 2: rollImage = new Image;
 3: rollImage.src = “rollImage1.jpg”;
 4: defaultImage = new Image;
 5: defaultImage.src = “image1.jpg”;
 6: </script>
 7: <a href=”myUrl” onMouseOver=”document.myImage.src = rollImage.src;”
 8: onMouseOut=”document.myImage.src = defaultImage.src;”>
 9: <img src=”image1.jpg” name=”myImage” width=100 height=100 border=0>

39 随机显示图像

 ] = “image4.jpg”;
 7: var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length);
 8: document.write(‘<img src=”’ + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“>’);
 9: </script>

40 函数实现的图像替换

 ;
 4: function createRollOver(originalImage,replacementImage) { 
 5: var imageArray = new Array;
 6: imageArray[source] = new Image;
 7: imageArray[source].src = originalImage;
 8: imageArray[replacement] = new Image;
 9: imageArray[replacement].src = replacementImage;
10: return imageArray;
11: }
12: var rollImage1 = createRollOver(“image1.jpg”,”rollImage1.jpg”);
13: </script>
14: <a href=”#” onMouseOver=”document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[replacement].src;”
15: onMouseOut=”document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[source].src;”>
16: <img src=”image1.jpg” width=100 name=”myImage1” border=0>
17: </a>

41 创建幻灯片

 );
16: }
17: }
18: </script>
19: </head>
20: <body onLoad=”slideShow(0)”>
21: <img src=”image1.jpg” width=100 name=”slideShow”>

42 随机广告图片

 ] = “http://right.here/”;
12: var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length);
13: document.write(‘<a href=”’ + urlList[imageChoice] + ‘“><img src=”’ + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“></a>’);
14: </script>

JavaScript就这么回事4：表单

2005年5月17日22:33星期二 [ Dhtml ]

还是先继续写完JS就这么回事系列吧～
43 表单构成

 1: <form method=”post” action=”target.html” name=”thisForm”>
 2: <input type=”text” name=”myText”>
 3: <select name=”mySelect”>
 4: <option value=”1”>First Choice</option>
 5: <option value=”2”>Second Choice</option>
 6: </select>
 7: <br>
 8: <input type=”submit” value=”Submit Me”>
 9: </form>

44 访问表单中的文本框内容

1: <form name=”myForm”>
2: <input type=”text” name=”myText”>
3: </form>
4: <a href='#' onClick='window.alert(document.myForm.myText.value);'>Check Text Field</a>

45 动态复制文本框内容

1: <form name=”myForm”>
2: Enter some Text: <input type=”text” name=”myText”><br>
3: Copy Text: <input type=”text” name=”copyText”>
4: </form>
5: <a href=”#” onClick=”document.myForm.copyText.value =
6: document.myForm.myText.value;”>Copy Text Field</a>

46 侦测文本框的变化

1: <form name=”myForm”>
2: Enter some Text: <input type=”text” name=”myText” onChange=”alert(this.value);”>
3: </form>

47 访问选中的Select

</option>
6: </select>
7: </form>
8: <a href='#' onClick='alert(document.myForm.mySelect.value);'>Check Selection List</a>

48 动态增加Select项

 ].value = “Third Choice”;
11: </script>

49 验证表单字段

 1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
 2: function checkField(field) { 
 3: if (field.value == “”) { 
 4: window.alert(“You must enter a value in the field”);
 5: field.focus();
 6: }
 7: }
 8: </script>
 9: <form name=”myForm” action=”target.html”>
10: Text Field: <input type=”text” name=”myField”onBlur=”checkField(this)”>
11: <br><input type=”submit”>
12: </form>

50 验证Select项

) { 
3: window.alert(“You must make a selection from the list.”);
4: return false;
5: }
6: return true;
7: }

51 动态改变表单的action

1: <form name=”myForm” action=”login.html”>
2: Username: <input type=”text” name=”username”><br>
3: Password: <input type=”password” name=”password”><br>
4: <input type=”button” value=”Login” onClick=”this.form.submit();”>
5: <input type=”button” value=”Register” onClick=”this.form.action = ‘register.html’; this.form.submit();”>
6: <input type=”button” value=”Retrieve Password” onClick=”this.form.action = ‘password.html’; this.form.submit();”>
7: </form>

52 使用图像按钮

1: <form name=”myForm” action=”login.html”>
2: Username: <input type=”text” name=”username”><br>
3: Password: <input type=”password”name=”password”><br>
4: <input type=”image” src=”login.gif” value=”Login”>
5: </form>
6:

53 表单数据的加密

 ; i < myForm.elements.length; i++) { 
12: myForm.elements[i].value = encrypt(myForm.elements[i].value);
13: }
14: }
15: 
16: //-->
17: </SCRIPT>
18: <form name='myForm' onSubmit='encryptForm(this); window.alert(this.myField.value);'>
19: Enter Some Text: <input type=text name=myField><input type=submit>
20: </form>

上面的encryptForm方法把表单中的数据转换为编码，在提交表单之前完成了简单的表单数据加密～

JavaScript就这么回事5：窗口和框架

2005年5月17日23:16星期二 [ Dhtml ]

54 改变浏览器状态栏文字提示

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.status = “A new status message”;
3: </script>

55 弹出确认提示框

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var userChoice = window.confirm(“Click OK or Cancel”);
3: if (userChoice) { 
4: document.write(“You chose OK”);
5: } else { 
6: document.write(“You chose Cancel”);
7: }
8: </script>

56 提示输入

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var userName = window.prompt(“Please Enter Your Name”,”Enter Your Name Here”);
3: document.write(“Your Name is “ + userName);
4: </script>

57 打开一个新窗口

1: //打开一个名称为myNewWindow的浏览器新窗口
2: <script language=”JavaScript”>
3: window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”);
4: </script>

58 设置新窗口的大小

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”,'height=300,width=300');
3: </script>

59 设置新窗口的位置

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”,'height=300,width=300,left=200,screenX=200,top=100,screenY=100');
3: </script>

60 是否显示工具栏和滚动栏

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.open(“http:

61 是否可以缩放新窗口的大小

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: window.open('http://www.liu21st.com/' , 'myNewWindow', 'resizable=yes' );</script>

62 加载一个新的文档到当前窗口

1: <a href='#' onClick='document.location = '125a.html';' >Open New Document</a>

63 设置页面的滚动位置

;
6: }</script>

64 在IE中打开全屏窗口

1: <a href='#'  onClick=”window.open('http://www.juxta.com/','newWindow','fullScreen=yes');”>Open a full-screen window</a>

65 新窗口和父窗口的操作

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: //定义新窗口
3: var newWindow = window.open(“128a.html”,”newWindow”);
4: newWindow.close(); //在父窗口中关闭打开的新窗口
5: </script>
6: 在新窗口中关闭父窗口
7: window.opener.close()

66 往新窗口中写内容

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var newWindow = window.open(“”,”newWindow”);
3: newWindow.document.open();
4: newWindow.document.write(“This is a new window”);
5: newWIndow.document.close();
6: </script>

67 加载页面到框架页面

1: <frameset cols=”50%,*”>
2: <frame name=”frame1” src=”135a.html”>
3: <frame name=”frame2” src=”about:blank”>
4: </frameset>
5: 在frame1中加载frame2中的页面
6: parent.frame2.document.location = “135b.html”;

68 在框架页面之间共享脚本
如果在frame1中html文件中有个脚本

1: function doAlert() { 
2: window.alert(“Frame 1 is loaded”);
3: }

那么在frame2中可以如此调用该方法

1: <body onLoad=”parent.frame1.doAlert();”>
2: This is frame 2.
3: </body>

69 数据公用
可以在框架页面定义数据项，使得该数据可以被多个框架中的页面公用

1: <script language=”JavaScript”>
2: var persistentVariable = “This is a persistent value”;
3: </script>
4: <frameset cols=”50%,*”>
5: <frame name=”frame1” src=”138a.html”>
6: <frame name=”frame2” src=”138b.html”>
7: </frameset>

这样在frame1和frame2中都可以使用变量persistentVariable
70 框架代码库
根据以上的一些思路，我们可以使用一个隐藏的框架页面来作为整个框架集的代码库

%,*”>
2: <frame name=”codeFrame” src=”140code.html”>
3: <frame name=”frame1” src=”140a.html”>
4: <frame name=”frame2” src=”140b.html”>
5: </frameset>

巴特西