Python动态地声明变量赋值

通过exec()、globals()和locals()

# 通过exec()

for i in range(1, 4):

    # 第一次循环 i=1 时,会执行字符串中的python语句 ex1 = "exec1",以此类推

    exec(f'ex{i} = "exec{i}"')

# 通过globals()和locals()

def test():

    # globals()

    for i in range(1, 4):

        # 第一次循环 i=1 时,执行 globals()['gb1'] = 'global1', globals()是一个dict

        globals()[f'gb{i}'] = f'global{i}'

    # locals()

    for i in range(1, 4):

        locals()[f'lc{i}'] = f'local{i}'

    # 尝试打印locals的变量

    try:

        print(lc1, lc2, lc3)    # 会报错

    except Exception as e:

        print(e)

        print(locals()['lc1'], locals()['lc2'], locals()['lc3'])    # 通过键值对

if __name__ == '__main__':

    # 执行

    test()

    print('---------------------')

    # 打印函数定义的全局变量

    print(gb1, gb2, gb3)

    print('---------------------')

    # 打印通过exec()定义的变量

    print(ex1, ex2, ex3)

输出结果:

name 'lc1' is not defined

local1 local2 local3

---------------------

global1 global2 global3

---------------------

exec1 exec2 exec3

巴特西

Python动态地声明变量赋值

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