RabbitMQ广播模式

广播模式：1对多，produce发送一则消息多个consumer同时收到。
注意：广播是实时的，produce只负责发出去，不会管对端是否收到，若发送的时刻没有对端接收，那消息就没了，因此在广播模式下设置消息持久化是无效的。

三种广播模式：

fanout: 所有bind到此exchange的queue都可以接收消息（纯广播，绑定到RabbitMQ的接受者都能收到消息）；
direct: 通过routingKey和exchange决定的那个唯一的queue可以接收消息；
topic:所有符合routingKey(此时可以是一个表达式)的routingKey所bind的queue可以接收消息；

原理：

fanout：接受者会在RabbitMQ中创建一个queue用来接收消息，发送者往queue中发送消息。（发送给全员）

direct：队列绑定关键字，发送者将数据根据关键字发送到消息exchange，exchange根据关键字判定应该将数据发送至指定队列。（发送给指定人）

topic：接受者可以收取指定内容的消息

代码饭粒1：fanout广播模式

# publisher发送者

import pika

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='localhost'))

channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='broadcast', exchange_type='fanout')

message = 'big bang!'

channel.basic_publish(

    exchange='broadcast',

    routing_key='',

    body=message,

)

print("[v] Send %r" % message)

connection.close()

# subscriber接收者

import pika

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='localhost'))

channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='broadcast', exchange_type='fanout')

result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)

# 不指定queue名字，Rabbit会随机分配一个名字，并在使用此queue的消费者断开后,自动将queue删除

queue_name = result.method.queue

channel.queue_bind(exchange='broadcast',queue=queue_name)

print(" [*] Waiting for broadcast. To exit press Ctrl+C")

def callback(ch, method, properties, body):

    print(" [v] Get broadcast:",body)

channel.basic_consume(

    callback,

    queue=queue_name,

)

channel.start_consuming()

代码饭粒2：direct广播模式

# publisher发送者

import pika

import sys

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='localhost'))

channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs', exchange_type='direct')

severity = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else 'info'

message = ' '.join(sys.argv[2:]) or 'Hello World!'

channel.basic_publish(

    exchange='direct_logs',

    routing_key=severity,

    body=message

)

print(" [x] Sent %r:%r" % (severity, message))

connection.close()

# subscriber接收者

import pika

import sys

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='localhost'))

channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='direct_logs', exchange_type='direct')

result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)

queue_name = result.method.queue

severities = sys.argv[1:]

if not severities:

    sys.stderr.write("Usage: %s [info] [warning] [error]\n" % sys.argv[0])

    sys.exit(1)

for severity in severities:

    channel.queue_bind(

        exchange='direct_logs',

        queue=queue_name,

        routing_key=severity

    )

print(' [*] Waiting for logs. To exit press CTRL+C')

def callback(ch, method, properties, body):

    print(" [x] %r:%r" % (method.routing_key, body))

channel.basic_consume(

    callback,

    queue=queue_name,

    no_ack=True

)

channel.start_consuming()

代码饭粒3：topic广播模式

# publisher发送者

import pika

import sys

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='localhost'))

channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='topic_logs', exchange_type='topic')

routing_key = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else 'anonymous.info'

message = ' '.join(sys.argv[2:]) or 'Hello World!'

channel.basic_publish(

    exchange='topic_logs',

    routing_key=routing_key,

    body=message

)

print(" [x] Sent %r:%r" % (routing_key, message))

connection.close()

# subscriber接收者

import pika

import sys

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='localhost'))

channel = connection.channel()

channel.exchange_declare(exchange='topic_logs', exchange_type='topic')

result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)

queue_name = result.method.queue

binding_keys = sys.argv[1:]

if not binding_keys:

    sys.stderr.write("Usage: %s [binding_key]...\n" % sys.argv[0])

    sys.exit(1)

for binding_key in binding_keys:

    channel.queue_bind(

        exchange='topic_logs',

        queue=queue_name,

        routing_key=binding_key

    )

print(' [*] Waiting for logs. To exit press CTRL+C')

def callback(ch, method, properties, body):

    print(" [x] %r:%r" % (method.routing_key, body))

channel.basic_consume(

    callback,

    queue=queue_name,

    no_ack=True

)

channel.start_consuming()

巴特西

RabbitMQ广播模式

三种广播模式：

原理：

代码饭粒1：fanout广播模式

代码饭粒2：direct广播模式

代码饭粒3：topic广播模式

最新文章

热门文章