QT管理网络状态和网络连接

参考：http://www.cleartechfei.com/2020/07/qt%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8http%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE/

1. 用Qt框架进行应用开发的过程中，很多时候需要进行客户端与服务端的网络通信，需要Qt的internet模块。而网络通信中最常用的协议就是http协议，Qt对http协议的调用进行了封装，使用非常方便。在这总结一下常用的http请求。

　　使用internet模块时需要在pro文件中添加对应的模块。

　　QT += network

2. Qt中使用Http协议与服务端通信的请求主要分为GET和POST，GET是从指定的资源请求数据，而POST是向指定的资源提交要被处理的数据。

　　常用的请求类型包括五类:

　　　　　　2.1.　　多个独立参数GET请求

　　　　　　2.2.　　参数数组GET请求

　　　　　　2.3.　　上传参数数据POST请求

　　　　　　2.4.　　上传参数和文件POST请求

　　　　　　2.5.　　下载文件GET请求

　　2.1 多个独立参数GET请求

 1 int NormalGetRequest(QString paramer1, QString paramer2)

 2 {

 3     //生成对应的网络请求

 4     QNetworkRequest request;

 5     QString scheme = "http";

 6     QString serverAddr = "192.168.0.1";

 7     QString port = "80";

 8     QString requestHeader = scheme + QString("://") + serverAddr + QString(":") + port;

 9     QString fullRequest = requestHeader + QString("/api/vi/user/getrequest?paramer1=%1&paramer2=%2").arg(paramer1).arg(paramer2);

10     request.setUrl(QUrl(fullRequest));

11

12     //发送Get请求

13     QNetworkAccessManager manager;

14     QNetworkReply *reply = manager.get(request);

15     QEventLoop eventLoop;

16     QObject::connect(reply, SIGNAL(finished()),&eventLoop, SLOT(quit()));

17     eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);

18

19     //对请求的返回异常进行处理

20     if(reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError)

21     {

22         return reply->error();

23     }

24

25     //解析返回的Json结果

26     QByteArray replyData = reply->readAll();

27     QJsonParseError json_error;

28     QJsonDocument jsonDoc(QJsonDocument::fromJson(replyData, &json_error));

29     if(json_error.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)

30     {

31         return -1;

32     }

33     QJsonObject rootObj = jsonDoc.object();

34     QString codeStr = rootObj.value("code").toString();

35     if (codeStr.compare("200") == 0)

36     {

37         //返回代码为200的时候证明请求成功对包含的结构数据进行处理

38         if(rootObj.contains("result"))

39         {

40

41         }

42         return 0;

43     }

44     else

45     {

46         //请求失败对对应的处理

47         return codeStr.toInt();

48     }

49 }

　　2.2 参数数组GET请求

 1 int GetRequestWithArray(QVector<QString> m_filePathVector)

 2 {

 3     QJsonArray array;

 4     for(int index=0; index<m_filePathVector.size(); ++index)

 5     {

 6         QJsonObject object;

 7         object.insert("index",QString::number(index));

 8         object.insert("path",m_filePathVector.at(index));

 9         array.append(object);

10     }

11

12     QJsonDocument document;

13     document.setArray(array);

14     QString arrayString = document.toJson(QJsonDocument::Compact);

15

16     //生成对应的网络请求

17     QNetworkRequest request;

18     QString scheme = "http";

19     QString serverAddr = "192.168.0.1";

20     QString port = "80";

21     QString requestHeader = scheme + QString("://") + serverAddr + QString(":") + port;

22     QString fullRequest = requestHeader + QString("/api/vi/user/getarray?paramers=%1").arg(arrayString);

23     request.setUrl(QUrl(fullRequest));

24

25     //获取错误

26     QNetworkAccessManager manager;

27     QNetworkReply *reply = manager.get(request);

28     QEventLoop eventLoop;

29     QObject::connect(reply, SIGNAL(finished()),&eventLoop, SLOT(quit()));

30     eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);

31     if(reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError)

32     {

33         return reply->error();

34     }

35

36     //解析返回的Json结果

37     QByteArray replyData = reply->readAll();

38     QJsonParseError json_error;

39     QJsonDocument jsonDoc(QJsonDocument::fromJson(replyData, &json_error));

40     if(json_error.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)

41     {

42         return -1;

43     }

44     QJsonObject rootObj = jsonDoc.object();

45     QString codeStr = rootObj.value("code").toString();

46     if (codeStr.compare("200") == 0)

47     {

48         //返回代码为200的时候证明请求成功对包含的结构数据进行处理

49         if(rootObj.contains("result"))

50         {

51

52         }

53         return 0;

54     }

55     else

56     {

57         //请求失败对对应的处理

58         return codeStr.toInt();

59     }

60 }

　　2.3 上传参数数据POST请求

 1 int NormalPostRequest(QString paramer1, QString paramer2)

 2 {

 3     //生成对应的网址请求

 4     QNetworkRequest request;

 5     QString scheme = "http";

 6     QString serverAddr = "192.168.0.1";

 7     QString port = "80";

 8     QString requestHeader = scheme + QString("://") + serverAddr + QString(":") + port;

 9     QString fullRequest = requestHeader + "/api/v1/user/postrequest";

10     request.setUrl(QUrl(fullRequest));

11     request.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

12

13     //获取对应的参数数据

14     QByteArray data;

15     data.append("paramer1=");

16     data.append(paramer1.toUtf8());

17     data.append("&paramer2=");

18     data.append(paramer2.toUtf8());

19

20     //发送请求

21     QNetworkAccessManager manager;

22     QNetworkReply *reply = manager.post(request,data);

23     QEventLoop eventLoop;

24     QObject::connect(reply, SIGNAL(finished()),&eventLoop, SLOT(quit()));

25     eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);

26     if(reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError)

27     {

28         return reply->error();

29     }

30

31

32     //解析返回的Json结果

33     QByteArray replyData = reply->readAll();

34     QJsonParseError json_error;

35     QJsonDocument jsonDoc(QJsonDocument::fromJson(replyData, &json_error));

36     if(json_error.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)

37     {

38         return -1;

39     }

40     QJsonObject rootObj = jsonDoc.object();

41     QString codeStr = rootObj.value("code").toString();

42     if (codeStr.compare("200") == 0)

43     {

44         //返回代码为200的时候证明请求成功对包含的结构数据进行处理

45         if(rootObj.contains("result"))

46         {

47

48         }

49         return 0;

50     }

51     else

52     {

53         //请求失败对对应的处理

54         return codeStr.toInt();

55     }

56 }

　　2.4 上传参数和文件POST请求

 1 int PostRequestWithFile(QString paramer1, QString paramer2,QString filePath)

 2 {

 3

 4     //生成对应的网址请求

 5     QFileInfo fileInfo(filePath);

 6     QString fileName =fileInfo.fileName();

 7

 8     QFile* inputFile = new QFile(filePath);

 9     inputFile->open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);

10

11     //multipart请求

12     QHttpMultiPart* multiPart = new QHttpMultiPart(QHttpMultiPart::FormDataType);

13     //文件块

14     QHttpPart filePart;

15     filePart.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentDispositionHeader,

16                                  QVariant(QString("form-data; name="uploadfile";filename="%1"").arg(fileName)));

17     filePart.setBodyDevice(inputFile);

18     inputFile->setParent(multiPart);

19     multiPart->append(filePart);

20

21     QHttpPart paramer1Part;

22     paramer1Part.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentDispositionHeader,QVariant("form-data; name="paramer1""));

23     paramer1Part.setBody(paramer1.toUtf8());

24     multiPart->append(paramer1Part);

25

26     QHttpPart paramer2Part;

27     paramer2Part.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentDispositionHeader,QVariant("form-data; name="paramer2""));

28     paramer2Part.setBody(paramer2.toUtf8());

29     multiPart->append(paramer2Part);

30

31

32     //生成对应的网址请求

33     QNetworkRequest request;

34     QString scheme = "http";

35     QString serverAddr = "192.168.0.1";

36     QString port = "80";

37     QString requestHeader = scheme + QString("://") + serverAddr + QString(":") + port;

38     QString fullRequest = requestHeader + "/api/v1/user/postrequestwithfile";

39     request.setUrl(QUrl(fullRequest));

40

41     //发送请求

42     QNetworkAccessManager manager;

43     QNetworkReply *reply = manager.post(request,multiPart);

44     multiPart->setParent(reply);

45

46     QEventLoop eventLoop;

47     QObject::connect(&manager, SIGNAL(finished(QNetworkReply*)),&eventLoop, SLOT(quit()));

48     eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);

49

50     if(reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError)

51     {

52         return reply->error();

53     }

54

55     //解析返回的Json结果

56     QByteArray replyData = reply->readAll();

57     QJsonParseError json_error;

58     QJsonDocument jsonDoc(QJsonDocument::fromJson(replyData, &json_error));

59     if(json_error.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)

60     {

61         return -1;

62     }

63     QJsonObject rootObj = jsonDoc.object();

64     QString codeStr = rootObj.value("code").toString();

65     if (codeStr.compare("200") == 0)

66     {

67         //返回代码为200的时候证明请求成功对包含的结构数据进行处理

68         if(rootObj.contains("result"))

69         {

70

71         }

72         return 0;

73     }

74     else

75     {

76         //请求失败对对应的处理

77         return codeStr.toInt();

78     }

79 }

　　2.5 下载文件GET请求

 1 int DownloadFileFromWeb(QString fileUrl,QString&fileSavePath)

 2 {

 3     QNetworkRequest request;

 4     QUrl url(fileUrl);

 5     QFileInfo fileInfo(url.path());

 6     QString fileName = fileInfo.fileName();

 7     QNetworkAccessManager *accessManager=new QNetworkAccessManager();

 8     request.setUrl(url);

 9     QNetworkReply *reply  = accessManager->get(request);

10     QEventLoop loop;

11     QObject::connect(accessManager, SIGNAL(finished(QNetworkReply*)), &loop, SLOT(quit()));

12 //如果需要下载进度需要关联对应的信号

13 //connect(reply, SIGNAL(downloadProgress(qint64, qint64)), this, SLOT(LoadProgress(qint64, qint64)));

14     loop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);

15

16     //获取下载返回值

17     QVariant statusCode = reply->attribute(QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute);

18     if (statusCode.toInt() != 200)

19     {

20         return -1;

21     }

22

23     //保存下载的文件

24     QFile file(fileSavePath);

25     if(!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly))

26     {

27         return -2;

28     }

29     file.write(reply->readAll());

30     file.close();

31     return 0;

32 }

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