E-factory

E-factory为生成XML和HTML提供了一种简单而紧凑的语法

# coding:utf-8

from lxml.builder import E

def CLASS(*args): # class is a reserved word in Python

    return {"class":' '.join(args)}

html = page = (

    E.html(       # create an Element called "html"

        E.head(

            E.title("This is a sample document")

        ),

        E.body(

            E.h1("Hello!", CLASS("title")),

            E.p("This is a paragraph with ", E.b("bold"), " text in it!"),

            E.p("This is another paragraph, with a", "\n      ",

            E.a("link", href="http://www.python.org"), "."),

            E.p("Here are some reserved characters: <spam&egg>."),

            etree.XML("<p>And finally an embedded XHTML fragment.</p>"),

        )

    )

)

print(etree.tostring(page, pretty_print=True))

'''

输出：

<html>

  <head>

    <title>This is a sample document</title>

  </head>

  <body>

    <h1 class="title">Hello!</h1>

    <p>This is a paragraph with <b>bold</b> text in it!</p>

    <p>This is another paragraph, with a

      <a href="http://www.python.org">link</a>.</p>

    <p>Here are some reserved characters: &lt;spam&amp;egg&gt;.</p>

    <p>And finally an embedded XHTML fragment.</p>

  </body>

</html>

'''

基于属性访问的元素创建使为XML语言构建简单词汇表变得容易

from lxml.builder import ElementMaker # lxml only !

E = ElementMaker(namespace="http://my.de/fault/namespace",

                 nsmap={'p' : "http://my.de/fault/namespace"})

DOC = E.doc

TITLE = E.title

SECTION = E.section

PAR = E.par

my_doc = DOC(

    TITLE("The dog and the hog"),

    SECTION(

        TITLE("The dog"),

        PAR("Once upon a time, "),

        PAR("And then ")

    ),

    SECTION(

        TITLE("The hog"),

        PAR("Sooner or later ")

    )

)

print(etree.tostring(my_doc, pretty_print=True))

'''

输出：

<p:doc xmlns:p="http://my.de/fault/namespace">

  <p:title>The dog and the hog</p:title>

  <p:section>

    <p:title>The dog</p:title>

    <p:par>Once upon a time, </p:par>

    <p:par>And then </p:par>

  </p:section>

  <p:section>

    <p:title>The hog</p:title>

    <p:par>Sooner or later </p:par>

  </p:section>

</p:doc>

'''

其中一个例子是模块lxml.html.builder，它为html提供了词汇表
在处理多个命名空间时，最好为每个命名空间URI定义一个ElementMaker
同样，请注意上面的示例如何在命名常量中预定义标记生成器
这使得将名称空间的所有标记声明放在一个Python模块中以及从那里导入/使用标记名常量变得非常容易
这样可以避免诸如输入错误或意外丢失名称空间之类的陷阱

巴特西

E-factory

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