【转】C#使用ESC指令控制POS打印机打印小票
2024-10-18 07:00:58
.前言 C#打印小票可以与普通打印机一样，调用PrintDocument实现。也可以发送标注你的ESC指令实现。由于 调用PrintDocument类时，无法操作使用串口或TCP/IP接口连接的pos打印机，并且无法发送控制指令实现pos打印机的切纸、走纸等动作。因此个人建议使用ESC指令进行打印会更通用。 本类需要调用 ImageProcessor.cs .POS机打印小票ReceiptHelper
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Threading; using System.Drawing; using System.Management; using System.IO; using LaisonTech.MediaLib; using LaisonTech.CommonBLL; using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles; namespace LaisonTech.MediaLib { #region 结构体定义 [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct OVERLAPPED { int Internal; int InternalHigh; int Offset; int OffSetHigh; int hEvent; }; [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct PRINTER_DEFAULTS { public int pDatatype; public int pDevMode; public int DesiredAccess; } /// <summary> /// 对齐方式 /// </summary> public enum eTextAlignMode { Left = , Middle = , Right = } #endregion /// <summary> /// 小票打印类 /// 使用方法: /// 1 GetPrinterList获取已经安装的所有打印机列表. /// Open 打开指定打印机 /// 2 控制打印机动作、执行打印内容之前，必须先调用StartPrint，准备向打印机发送控制指令 /// 3 调用SetLeft, SetBold, SetAlignMode, SetFontSize ... ...设置打印参数 /// 4 PrintText 打印内容.注意：打印该行内容后会自动换行(本类会在该行内容末尾添加一个换行符) /// PrintImageFile 或 PrintBitMap打印图片 /// 5 控制指令和打印内容都发送完毕后,调用 EndPrint执行真正打印动作 /// 6 退出程序前调用Close /// </summary> public class ReceiptHelper { #region 指令定义 private static Byte[] Const_Init = new byte[] { 0x1B, 0x40, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x0A, 0x1B, 0x64,0x10}; //设置左边距 private const string Const_SetLeft = "1D 4C "; //设置粗体 private const string Const_SetBold = "1B 45 "; private const String Const_Bold_YES = ""; private const String Const_Bold_NO = ""; //设置对齐方式 private const string Const_SetAlign = "1B 61 "; private const String Const_Align_Left = ""; private const String Const_Align_Middle = ""; private const String Const_Align_Right = ""; //设置字体大小,与 SetBigFont 不能同时使用 private const string Const_SetFontSize = "1D 21 "; //设置是否大字体,等同于 SetFontSize = 2 //private const String Const_SetBigFontBold = "1B 21 38"; //private const String Const_SetBigFontNotBold = "1B 21 30"; //private const String Const_SetCancelBigFont = "1B 21 00"; /// <summary> /// 打印并走纸 /// </summary> private static Byte[] Const_Cmd_Print = new byte[] { 0x1B, 0x4A, 0x00 }; //走纸 private const string Const_FeedForward = "1B 4A "; private const string Const_FeedBack = "1B 6A "; //切纸 private static Byte[] Const_SetCut = new byte[] { 0x1D, 0x56, 0x30}; //查询打印机状态 private static Byte[] Const_QueryID = new byte[] { 0x1D, 0x67, 0x61}; //回复帧以 ID 开头 private static String Const_ResponseQueryID = "ID"; /// <summary> /// 设置图标的指令 /// </summary> private static Byte[] Const_SetImageCommand = new Byte[] { 0x1B, 0x2A, 0x21 }; #endregion #region 常量定义 /// <summary> /// 最大字体大小 /// </summary> public const Int32 Const_MaxFontSize = ; /// <summary> /// 最大走纸距离 /// </summary> public const Int32 Const_MaxFeedLength = ; /// <summary> /// 最大高宽 /// </summary> public const Int32 Const_MaxImageLength = ; /// <summary> /// 每次通信最多打印的行数 /// </summary> public const Int32 Const_OncePrintRowCount = ; public const Int32 Const_BrightnessGate = ; /// <summary> /// 无效句柄 /// </summary> public const Int32 Const_InvalidHandle = -; #endregion #region 私有成员 /// <summary> /// 打印机句柄 /// </summary> private int m_Handle = -; /// <summary> /// 是否已经初始化 /// </summary> private Boolean m_Inited = false; #endregion #region 私有函数 [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "OpenPrinterA", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool OpenPrinter([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string szPrinter, out Int32 hPrinter, IntPtr pd); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "StartDocPrinterA", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool StartDocPrinter(Int32 hPrinter, Int32 level, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] DOCINFOA di); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "EndDocPrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool EndDocPrinter(Int32 hPrinter); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "StartPagePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool StartPagePrinter(Int32 hPrinter); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "EndPagePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool EndPagePrinter(Int32 hPrinter); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "WritePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool WritePrinter(Int32 hPrinter, Byte[] pBytes, Int32 dwCount, out Int32 dwWritten); [DllImport("winspool.Drv", EntryPoint = "ClosePrinter", SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)] public static extern bool ClosePrinter(Int32 hPrinter); /// <summary> /// 发送指令 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd"></param> /// <returns></returns> private Boolean SendCommand(Byte[] cmd) { if (m_Handle == Const_InvalidHandle || cmd == null || cmd.Length < ) { return false; } int writelen = ; Boolean bl = WritePrinter(m_Handle, cmd, cmd.Length, out writelen); if (!bl) return false; return (writelen >= cmd.Length); } /// <summary> /// 发送文本格式的指令 /// </summary> /// <param name="cmd"></param> /// <returns></returns> private Boolean SendCommand(String hexstrcmd) { if (m_Handle == Const_InvalidHandle || hexstrcmd == null || hexstrcmd.Length < ) { return false; } byte[] mybyte = null; Boolean bl = DataFormatProcessor.HexStringToBytes(hexstrcmd, out mybyte); bl = SendCommand(mybyte); return bl; } #endregion #region 内部处理 - 打印图片 /// <summary> /// 把图片转换为指令字节,图片最大高宽不能超过480 /// </summary> /// <param name="image"></param> /// <param name="bmpbytes"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean LoadImage(Bitmap image, ref Byte[] bitarray,ref Int32 datawidth,ref Int32 dataheight) { Int32 newwidth = ; Int32 newheight = ; Bitmap destimage = image; Boolean bl = false; //如果高度超过范围,或宽度超过范围,需要进行缩小 if (image.Width > Const_MaxImageLength || image.Height > Const_MaxImageLength) { //按照高度和宽度，较大的那一边，进行缩放 if (image.Width > image.Height) { newwidth = Const_MaxImageLength; newheight = (Int32)(image.Height * newwidth / (float)image.Width); } else { newheight = Const_MaxImageLength; newwidth = (Int32)(newheight * image.Width / (float)image.Height); } bl = ImageProcessor.ResizeImage(image, newwidth, newheight, ref destimage); } //把数据转换为字节数组 bl = GetBitArray(image, ref bitarray, ref datawidth, ref dataheight); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 把图片转换为指令字节,图片最大高宽不能超过480 /// 如果图片的高度不是24的整数倍,则修改为24的整数倍 /// </summary> /// <param name="image"></param> /// <param name="bmpbytes"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean LoadImageFromFile(String imagefilename, ref Byte[] bmpbytes, ref Int32 width, ref Int32 height) { Bitmap img = ImageProcessor.LoadBitImage(imagefilename); if (img == null) { return false; } Boolean bl = LoadImage(img, ref bmpbytes, ref width, ref height); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 把图片转换为位图数组,每个字节的每个比特位,对应当前像素 是否需要打印 /// </summary> /// <param name="img"></param> /// <param name="allbitary"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean GetBitArray(Bitmap img, ref Byte[] allbitary, ref Int32 width, ref Int32 height) { if (img == null) { return false; } //ESC指令格式规定： //1 打印图片时，每条指令最多只打印24行;不足24行的,也要用全0填充满数据字节 //2 打印24行数据时，按照光栅模式纵向获取数据 // 即先获取所有x=0的点（第0列）转换为3个字节； // 再获取所有x=1的点转换为3个字节；...直到获取到最右侧一列的点 //3 打印完当前24行数据后，再获取后续24行的数据内容,直到所有的数据获取完毕 //获取亮度数组 Boolean[] briary = null; Boolean bl = ImageProcessor.ToBooleanArray(img, Const_BrightnessGate, ref briary); if (!bl) { return false; } height = img.Height;//如果图像高度不是24整数倍,设置为24的整数倍 if (height % Const_OncePrintRowCount != ) { height = height + Const_OncePrintRowCount - height % Const_OncePrintRowCount; } width = img.Width;//如果图像宽度不是8的整数倍,设置为8的整数倍 if (width % != ) { width = width + - width % ; } Int32 bytelen = height * width / ;//每个像素对应1个比特位,因此总字节数=像素位数/8 allbitary = new Byte[bytelen]; Int32 byteidxInCol = ;//当前列里首个像素,在目标字节数组里的下标 Int32 byteidx = ;//当前像素在目标数组里的字节下标 Int32 bitidx = ;//当前像素在目标数组里当前字节里的比特位下标 Int32 pixidxInCol = ;//当前像素在当前列里的第几个位置 Int32 pixidx = ;//当前像素在原始图片里的下标 Int32 rowidx = ; //当前 处理的像素点所在行,不能超过 图像高度 Int32 curprocrows = ;//当前需要处理的行数量 while (rowidx < height) { //按照纵向次序,把当前列的24个数据,转换为3个字节 for (Int32 colidx = ; colidx < img.Width; ++colidx) { //如果当前还剩余超过24行没处理,处理24行 if (rowidx + Const_OncePrintRowCount <= img.Height) { curprocrows = Const_OncePrintRowCount; } else { //已经不足24行,只处理剩余行数 curprocrows = img.Height - rowidx; } pixidxInCol = ; //本列里从像素0开始处理 for (Int32 y = rowidx; y < rowidx + curprocrows; ++y) { //原始图片里像素位置 pixidx = y * img.Width + colidx; //获取当前像素的亮度值.如果当前像素是黑点,需要把数组里的对应比特位设置为1 if (briary[pixidx]) { bitidx = - pixidxInCol % ;//最高比特位对应首个像素.最低比特位对应末个像素 byteidx = byteidxInCol + pixidxInCol / ; //由于最后一段可能不足24行,因此不能使用byteidx++ DataFormatProcessor.SetBitValue(bitidx, true, ref allbitary[byteidx]); } pixidxInCol++; } byteidxInCol += ;//每列固定24个像素,3个字节 } rowidx += Const_OncePrintRowCount; } return true; } #endregion #region 公开函数 private static ReceiptHelper m_instance = new ReceiptHelper(); /// <summary> /// 当前使用的打印机名称 /// </summary> public String PrinterName { get;private set; } /// <summary> /// 单件模式 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static ReceiptHelper GetInstance() { return m_instance; } /// <summary> /// 获取本机安装的所有打印机 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static List<String> GetPrinterList() { List<String> ret = new List<String>(); if (PrinterSettings.InstalledPrinters.Count < ) { return ret; } foreach (String printername in PrinterSettings.InstalledPrinters) { ret.Add(printername); } return ret; } /// <summary> /// 打开打印机 /// </summary> /// <param name="printername"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Boolean Open(String printername) { if (m_Inited) { return true; } Boolean bl = OpenPrinter(printername.Normalize(), out m_Handle, IntPtr.Zero); m_Inited = (bl && m_Handle != ); return true; } /// <summary> /// 开始打印，在打印之前必须调用此函数 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public Boolean StartPrint() { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } DOCINFOA di = new DOCINFOA(); di.pDocName = "My C#.NET RAW Document"; di.pDataType = "RAW"; //Start a document. Boolean bl = StartDocPrinter(m_Handle, , di); if (!bl) { return false; } // Start a page. bl = StartPagePrinter(m_Handle); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 结束打印，在打印结束之后必须调用此函数 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public Boolean EndPrint() { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } Boolean bl = EndPagePrinter(m_Handle); bl = EndDocPrinter(m_Handle); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 销毁 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public Boolean Close() { if (!m_Inited) { return true; } m_Inited = false; //关闭设备句柄 ClosePrinter(m_Handle); m_Handle = -; return true; } /// <summary> /// 打印文本.在调用本函数之前必须先调用正确的 设置字体、左边距 /// </summary> /// <param name="content"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Boolean PrintText(String content) { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } byte[] bytes = null; if (content.Length < ) { content = " "; } if (content[content.Length - ] != (char)0x0D && content[content.Length - ] != (char)0x0A) { content = content + (char)0x0A; } bytes = DataFormatProcessor.StringToBytes(content); bool bl = SendCommand(bytes); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 设置对齐方式 /// </summary> /// <param name="left"></param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SetAlignMode(eTextAlignMode alignmode) { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } String code = String.Empty; switch (alignmode) { case eTextAlignMode.Left: code = Const_Align_Left; break; case eTextAlignMode.Middle: code = Const_Align_Middle; break; case eTextAlignMode.Right: code = Const_Align_Right; break; default: code = Const_Align_Left; break; } //注意：先低字节后高字节 string str = Const_SetAlign + code; bool bl = SendCommand(str); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 设置左边距 /// </summary> /// <param name="left"></param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SetLeft(int left) { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } //注意：先低字节后高字节 String hexstr = left.ToString("X4"); string str = Const_SetLeft + hexstr.Substring(, ) + hexstr.Substring(, ); bool bl = SendCommand(str); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 设置粗体 /// </summary> /// <param name="bold"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Boolean SetBold(Boolean bold) { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } //注意：先低字节后高字节 String str = String.Empty; if (bold) { str = Const_SetBold + Const_Bold_YES; } else { str = Const_SetBold + Const_Bold_NO; } bool bl = SendCommand(str); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 切纸 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public bool Cut() { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } bool bl = SendCommand(Const_SetCut); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 打印图片 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap"></param> /// <returns></returns> public bool PrintImageFile(String imgfilename) { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } Bitmap img = ImageProcessor.LoadBitImage(imgfilename); if (img == null) { return false; } Boolean bl = PrintBitmap(img); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 打印图片 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap"></param> /// <returns></returns> public bool PrintBitmap(Bitmap bitmap) { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } if (bitmap == null || bitmap.Width > Const_MaxImageLength || bitmap.Height > Const_MaxImageLength) { return false; } Byte[] bitary = null; Int32 width = ; Int32 height = ; Boolean bl = GetBitArray(bitmap, ref bitary, ref width, ref height); bl = PrintBitmapBytes(bitary, bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 打印图片 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap"></param> /// <returns></returns> public bool PrintBitmapBytes(Byte[] imgbitarray, Int32 width, Int32 height) { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } Int32 bytes = width * height / ; //检查是否尺寸符合要求 if (width > Const_MaxImageLength || height > Const_MaxFeedLength || width < || height < || imgbitarray == null) { return false; } //每次获取24行的数据进行发送,这24行的字节数 Int32 blockbytes = width * Const_OncePrintRowCount / ; if (blockbytes < ) { return false; } Boolean bl = false; //一共需要发送的块数量 Int32 blocks = imgbitarray.Length / blockbytes; //每次发送的数据字节数 = 1B 2A 21 2字节长度 + 数据内容 Byte[] cmdbytes = new Byte[ + blockbytes]; //指令 Array.Copy(Const_SetImageCommand, cmdbytes, ); //数据长度,即 每行的点数 DataFormatProcessor.Int16ToBytes(width, ref cmdbytes, ); //数据内容 for (Int32 blockidx = ; blockidx < blocks; ++blockidx) { Array.Copy(imgbitarray, blockidx * blockbytes, cmdbytes, , blockbytes); //发送当前指令 bl = SendCommand(cmdbytes); if (!bl) return false; //休眠20毫秒 Thread.Sleep(); //发送 打印指令 bl = SendCommand(Const_Cmd_Print); if (!bl) return false; } return bl; } /// <summary> /// 走纸 /// </summary> /// <param name="length"></param> /// <returns></returns> public bool Feed(int length) { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } if (length < ) length = ; if (length > Const_MaxFeedLength) { length = Const_MaxFeedLength; } string len = length.ToString("X2"); len = Const_FeedForward + len; bool bl = SendCommand(len); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 回退走纸 /// </summary> /// <param name="length"></param> /// <returns></returns> public bool FeedBack(int length) { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } if (length < ) length = ; if (length > Const_MaxFeedLength) { length = Const_MaxFeedLength; } string len = length.ToString("X2"); len = Const_FeedBack + len; bool bl = SendCommand(len); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 设置字体大小.本函数不可与SetBigFont同时使用 /// </summary> /// <param name="sizerate">大小倍率,取值范围 1 - 8</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SetFontSize(Int32 sizerate) { if (!m_Inited) { return false; } if (sizerate < ) { sizerate = ; } if (sizerate > Const_MaxFontSize) { sizerate = Const_MaxFontSize; } sizerate--; String sizecodestr = Const_SetFontSize + sizerate.ToString("X1") + sizerate.ToString("X1"); bool bl = SendCommand(sizecodestr); return bl; } #endregion } } .图像处理 ImageProcessor
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Drawing; using LaisonTech.CommonBLL; using System.Drawing.Imaging; using System.IO; using System.Drawing.Drawing2D; using System.Windows.Forms; using AForge.Imaging.Filters; namespace LaisonTech.MediaLib { /// <summary> /// 图片格式 /// </summary> public enum ePictureFileFormat { Bmp = , Gif = , Icon = , Jpeg = , Png = , } /// <summary> /// 转为灰度图像的方式 /// </summary> public enum eGrayMode { /// <summary> /// 算数平均 /// </summary> ArithmeticAverage = , /// <summary> /// 加权平均 /// </summary> WeightedAverage = , } /// <summary> /// 比较2个图片的指定区域范围,像素的相同类型 /// </summary> public enum eAreaDifferentType { /// <summary> /// 所有像素都相同 /// </summary> AllSame = , /// <summary> /// 所有像素都不同 /// </summary> AllDifferent = , /// <summary> /// 部分相同部分不同 /// </summary> Partial = , } /// <summary> /// 图片文件处理 /// </summary> public class ImageProcessor { #region 常量定义 public const Byte Const_BrightnessWhite = ; public const Byte Const_BrightnessBlack = ; /// <summary> /// 比较结果的图片里，亮度相同部分的填充颜色 /// </summary> public static Color Const_SameBrightnessColor = Color.Black; /// <summary> /// 比较结果的图片里，亮度相同部分的填充颜色 /// </summary> public static Color Const_DifferentBrightnessColor = Color.White; public const Byte Const_BlackBrightness = ; public const Byte Const_WhiteBrightness = ; public const Int32 Const_MaxBrightness = ; public const Int32 Const_MinBrightness = -; /// <summary> /// 亮度的中间值 /// </summary> public const Int32 Const_MiddleBrightness = ; #endregion #region 屏幕截图,打印 /// <summary> /// 获取屏幕分辨率 /// </summary> /// <param name="width"></param> /// <param name="height"></param> public static void GetScreenSize(ref Int32 width, ref Int32 height) { height = Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Height; width = Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Width; } /// <summary> ///截图指定控件上显示的内容 /// </summary> /// <param name="ctrl"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Image CaptureControlImage(Control ctrl) { if (ctrl == null) { return null; } Control parent = ctrl; if (ctrl.Parent != null) { parent = ctrl.Parent; } Point screenPoint = parent.PointToScreen(ctrl.Location); Image ret = new Bitmap(ctrl.Width, ctrl.Height); Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(ret); g.CopyFromScreen(screenPoint.X, screenPoint.Y, , , ctrl.Size); g.DrawImage(ret, , ); return ret; } #endregion #region 装载图片 /// <summary> /// 装载图像文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="filename"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Image LoadImage(String filename) { //Boolean bl = FileProcessor.FileExist(filename); //if (!bl) //{ // return null; //} //Bitmap image = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(filename); //return image; //以上方法会导致图片文件被锁定,无法删除移动 Byte[] photodata = null; Boolean bl = FileProcessor.FileExist(filename); if (!bl) { return null; } bl = FileProcessor.ReadFileBytes(filename, out photodata); if (!bl) { return null; } MemoryStream ms = null; Image myImage = null; try { ms = new MemoryStream(photodata); myImage = Bitmap.FromStream(ms); ms.Close(); } catch (System.Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("LoadImage error:" + ex.Message); myImage = null; } return myImage; } /// <summary> /// 装载图像文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="filename"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Bitmap LoadBitImage(String filename) { Bitmap ret = (Bitmap)LoadImage(filename); return ret; } /// <summary> /// 保存图片到指定路径 /// </summary> /// <param name="img"></param> /// <param name="filename"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean SaveImage(Image img, String filename) { FileProcessor.DeleteFile(filename); if (img == null) { return false; } //获取保存图片的路径，如果路径不存在，新建 String folder = FileProcessor.GetDirectoryName(filename); if (!FileProcessor.DirectoryExist(folder)) { FileProcessor.CreateDirectory(folder); } img.Save(filename); Boolean bl = FileProcessor.FileExist(filename); return bl; } #endregion #region 转换图片格式 /// <summary> /// 转换图片格式 /// </summary> /// <param name="bmpfilename"></param> /// <param name="jpgfilename"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean BmpToJpg(String bmpfilename, String jpgfilename) { Boolean bl = ChangeFileFormat(bmpfilename, jpgfilename, ePictureFileFormat.Jpeg); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 转换图片格式 /// </summary> /// <param name="srcfilename"></param> /// <param name="destfilename"></param> /// <param name="destformat"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean ChangeFileFormat(String srcfilename, String destfilename, ePictureFileFormat destformat) { Boolean bl = FileProcessor.FileExist(srcfilename); if (!bl) { return false; } Image image = Image.FromFile(srcfilename); ImageFormat IFMT = null; switch (destformat) { case ePictureFileFormat.Bmp: IFMT = ImageFormat.Bmp; break; case ePictureFileFormat.Gif: IFMT = ImageFormat.Gif; break; case ePictureFileFormat.Icon: IFMT = ImageFormat.Icon; break; case ePictureFileFormat.Jpeg: IFMT = ImageFormat.Jpeg; break; case ePictureFileFormat.Png: IFMT = ImageFormat.Png; break; default: IFMT = ImageFormat.Jpeg; break; } image.Save(destfilename, IFMT); image.Dispose(); bl = FileProcessor.FileExist(destfilename); if (!bl) { return false; } Int32 filelen = FileProcessor.GetFileLength(destfilename); return (filelen > ); } /// <summary> /// 变成黑白图 /// </summary> /// <param name="srcbitmap">原始图</param> /// <param name="mode">模式。0:加权平均 1:算数平均</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Bitmap ToGray(Bitmap bitmap, eGrayMode mode = eGrayMode.ArithmeticAverage) { if (bitmap == null) { return null; } int width = bitmap.Width; int height = bitmap.Height; byte newColor = ; try { BitmapData srcData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); unsafe { byte* curpix = (byte*)srcData.Scan0.ToPointer(); if (mode == eGrayMode.ArithmeticAverage)// 算数平均 { for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { newColor = (byte)((float)(curpix[] + curpix[] + curpix[]) / 3.0f); curpix[] = newColor; curpix[] = newColor; curpix[] = newColor; curpix += ; } curpix += srcData.Stride - width * ; } } else { // 加权平均 for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { newColor = (byte)((float)curpix[] * 0.114f + (float)curpix[] * 0.587f + (float)curpix[] * 0.299f); curpix[] = newColor; curpix[] = newColor; curpix[] = newColor; curpix += ; } curpix += srcData.Stride - width * ; } } bitmap.UnlockBits(srcData); } } catch { bitmap = null; } return bitmap; } /// <summary> /// 获取一幅图片对应的所有像素亮度数组 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap">原始图</param> /// <param name="brightnessary">亮度值数组</param> /// <param name="mode">模式。0:加权平均 1:算数平均</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean GetImageBrightness(Bitmap bitmap, ref Byte[] brightnessary, eGrayMode mode = eGrayMode.WeightedAverage) { if (bitmap == null) { return false; } int width = bitmap.Width; int height = bitmap.Height; if (width < || height < ) { return false; } brightnessary = new Byte[width * height]; Boolean bl = false; Int32 rowredundancy = ;//每一行像素，对应的数组长度 与 实际像素点数的差值 Int32 pixidx = ;//像素下标 try { BitmapData srcData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); rowredundancy = srcData.Stride - width * ;//每行末尾还有这么多的冗余字节 unsafe { byte* curpix = (byte*)srcData.Scan0.ToPointer(); if (mode == eGrayMode.ArithmeticAverage)// 算数平均 { for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { brightnessary[pixidx] = (byte)((float)(curpix[] + curpix[] + curpix[]) / 3.0f); ++pixidx; curpix += ; } curpix += rowredundancy; } } else { // 加权平均 for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { brightnessary[pixidx] = (byte)((float)curpix[] * 0.114f + (float)curpix[] * 0.587f + (float)curpix[] * 0.299f); ++pixidx; curpix += ; } curpix += rowredundancy; } } bitmap.UnlockBits(srcData); } bl = true; } catch(Exception ex) { bl = false; Console.WriteLine("Get brightness ary error:" + ex.Message); } return bl; } /// <summary> /// 变成黑白图,每个元素都是一个像素的亮度 /// </summary> /// <param name=" bitmap ">原始图</param> /// <param name=" graybitmap ">黑白图</param> /// <param name=" brightnessbytes ">黑白所有像素点亮度</param> /// <param name="mode">模式。0:加权平均 1:算数平均</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean ToGray(Bitmap bitmap, ref Bitmap graybitmap, ref Byte[] brightnessbytes, eGrayMode mode = eGrayMode.WeightedAverage) { if (bitmap == null) { return false; } brightnessbytes = new Byte[bitmap.Width * bitmap.Height]; int width = bitmap.Width; int height = bitmap.Height; //Clone 可能引发 GDI+异常 graybitmap = new Bitmap(bitmap); byte newColor = ; Int32 bytesidx = ; Boolean bl = false; try { BitmapData srcData = graybitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); unsafe { byte* curpix = (byte*)srcData.Scan0.ToPointer(); if (mode == eGrayMode.ArithmeticAverage)// 算数平均 { for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { newColor = (byte)((float)(curpix[] + curpix[] + curpix[]) / 3.0f); brightnessbytes[bytesidx] = newColor; ++bytesidx; curpix[] = newColor; curpix[] = newColor; curpix[] = newColor; curpix += ; } curpix += srcData.Stride - width * ; } } else { // 加权平均 for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { newColor = (byte)((float)curpix[] * 0.114f + (float)curpix[] * 0.587f + (float)curpix[] * 0.299f); brightnessbytes[bytesidx] = newColor; ++bytesidx; curpix[] = newColor; curpix[] = newColor; curpix[] = newColor; curpix += ; } curpix += srcData.Stride - width * ; } } graybitmap.UnlockBits(srcData); } bl = true; } catch(Exception ex) { graybitmap = null; Console.WriteLine("ToGray error:" + ex.Message); bl = false; } return bl; } /// <summary> /// 把图片转换为非黑即白的二色图. /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap">原始图</param> /// <param name="brightnessGate">亮度门限.超过此亮度认为白点,否则认为黑点</param> /// <param name="bitary">每个像素点是否为黑点的数组</param> /// <param name="trueAsblack">true-每个元素黑点为true,白点为false; false-每个元素白点为true,黑点为false</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean ToBooleanArray(Bitmap bitmap, Byte brightnessGate, ref Boolean[] bitary, Boolean trueAsblack = true) { if (bitmap == null) { return false; } bitary = new Boolean[bitmap.Width * bitmap.Height]; int width = bitmap.Width; int height = bitmap.Height; byte curcolor = ; Int32 pixidx = ; Boolean bl = false; try { BitmapData srcData = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); unsafe { byte* curpix = (byte*)srcData.Scan0.ToPointer(); for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { curcolor = (byte)((float)(curpix[] + curpix[] + curpix[]) / 3.0f); if (trueAsblack)//true为黑点 { bitary[pixidx] = (curcolor < brightnessGate); } else { //true为白点 bitary[pixidx] = (curcolor > brightnessGate); } ++pixidx; curpix += ; } curpix += srcData.Stride - width * ; } bitmap.UnlockBits(srcData); } bl = true; } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("ToGray error:" + ex.Message); bl = false; } return bl; } /// <summary> /// 亮度差数组变成bool数组.true表示亮度不同,false表示亮度相同 /// </summary> /// <param name="bridiffary">亮度差数组</param> /// <param name="brightnessGate">亮度门限.超过此亮度认为白点,否则认为黑点</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean BrightnessToBoolean(Byte[] bridiffary, Byte brightnessGate, ref Boolean[] boolary) { if (bridiffary == null || bridiffary.Length < ) { return false; } boolary = new Boolean[bridiffary.Length]; for (Int32 idx = ; idx < bridiffary.Length; ++idx) { boolary[idx] = (bridiffary[idx] > brightnessGate); } return true; } #endregion #region 图片调整 /// <summary> /// 调整亮度 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap">原始图</param> /// <param name="degree">亮度,取值范围-255 - 255</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Bitmap SetBrightness(Bitmap srcbitmap, int brightnessOffset) { if (srcbitmap == null) { return null; } CommonCompute.SetInt32Range(ref brightnessOffset, Const_MinBrightness, Const_MaxBrightness); int width = srcbitmap.Width; int height = srcbitmap.Height; Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap)srcbitmap.Clone(); try { BitmapData data = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); unsafe { byte* curpix = (byte*)data.Scan0.ToPointer(); Int32 curcolor = ; for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { curcolor = curpix[] + brightnessOffset; CommonCompute.SetInt32Range(ref curcolor, , Const_MaxBrightness); curpix[] = (byte)curcolor; curcolor = curpix[] + brightnessOffset; CommonCompute.SetInt32Range(ref curcolor, , Const_MaxBrightness); curpix[] = (byte)curcolor; curcolor = curpix[] + brightnessOffset; CommonCompute.SetInt32Range(ref curcolor, , Const_MaxBrightness); curpix[] = (byte)curcolor; curpix += ; } curpix += data.Stride - width * ; } } bitmap.UnlockBits(data); } catch { bitmap = null; } return bitmap; } /// <summary> /// 调整图像对比度 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap">原始图</param> /// <param name="degree">对比度 0 - 100</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Bitmap SetContrast(Bitmap srcbitmap, int contrast) { if (srcbitmap == null) { return null; } //对比度取值范围,0-100 CommonCompute.SetInt32Range(ref contrast, , ); Int32 curcolor = ; Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap)srcbitmap.Clone(); int width = bitmap.Width; int height = bitmap.Height; //调整对比度基本思路：0时，所有像素点的亮度都设置为中间值128 //100 时，把亮度大于128的像素，亮度设置为255；小于128的设置为0 //即:50时，保持不变；小于50，所有点的亮度向中间值128偏移；大于50，所有点亮度值向两端偏移 //如果当前像素点的亮度是130, 对比度为50时，结果仍然要是130,此时rate为1.0 //对比度为100时，结果要变成255，此时rate >= 128 //对比度为0时，结果要变成128，此时rate = 0 //因此可知对比度与rate的对应关系 //对比度: 0 50 100 //rate : 0 1 127 double rate = ; if (contrast == ) { rate = ; } else if (contrast < ) { rate = contrast / 50.0;//小于50的，对比度比率必须是纯小数,0-1 之间 } else { rate = + Const_MiddleBrightness * ((contrast - 50.0) / 50.0);//大于50的,比率必须是1到128之间的值 } try { BitmapData data = bitmap.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); unsafe { byte* curpix = (byte*)data.Scan0.ToPointer(); for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { for (int i = ; i < ; i++) //R,G,B 3个通道 { //对于 刚好亮度等于中间值的点,需要把亮度调高或调低1 //否则将无法实现对该点 提高对比度 if (curpix[i] == Const_MiddleBrightness) { curpix[i] = (byte)(curpix[i] + ); } //调整该像素对比度 curcolor = (Int32)(Const_MiddleBrightness + (curpix[i] - Const_MiddleBrightness) * rate); CommonCompute.SetInt32Range(ref curcolor, Const_MinBrightness, Const_MaxBrightness); curpix[i] = (byte)curcolor; ++curpix; } } curpix += data.Stride - width * ; } } bitmap.UnlockBits(data); } catch { bitmap = null; } return bitmap; } /// <summary> /// 任意角度旋转 /// </summary> /// <param name="srcbitmap">原始图Bitmap</param> /// <param name="angle">旋转角度</param> /// <param name="bkColor">背景色</param> /// <returns>输出Bitmap</returns> public static Bitmap Rotate(Bitmap srcbitmap, float angle, Color bkColor) { int w = srcbitmap.Width + ; int h = srcbitmap.Height + ; PixelFormat pf; if (bkColor == Color.Transparent) { pf = PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb; } else { pf = srcbitmap.PixelFormat; } Bitmap tmp = new Bitmap(w, h, pf); Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(tmp); g.Clear(bkColor); g.DrawImageUnscaled(srcbitmap, , ); g.Dispose(); GraphicsPath path = new GraphicsPath(); path.AddRectangle(new RectangleF(0f, 0f, w, h)); Matrix mtrx = new Matrix(); mtrx.Rotate(angle); RectangleF rct = path.GetBounds(mtrx); Bitmap dst = new Bitmap((int)rct.Width, (int)rct.Height, pf); g = Graphics.FromImage(dst); g.Clear(bkColor); g.TranslateTransform(-rct.X, -rct.Y); g.RotateTransform(angle); g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBilinear; g.DrawImageUnscaled(tmp, , ); g.Dispose(); tmp.Dispose(); return dst; } /// <summary> /// Gamma校正 /// </summary> /// <param name="srcbitmap">输入Bitmap</param> /// <param name="val">[0 <-明- 1 -暗-> 2]</param> /// <returns>输出Bitmap</returns> public static Bitmap SetGamma(Bitmap srcbitmap, float val) { if (srcbitmap == null) { return null; } // 1表示无变化，就不做 if (val == 1.0000f) return srcbitmap; try { Bitmap b = new Bitmap(srcbitmap.Width, srcbitmap.Height); Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(b); ImageAttributes attr = new ImageAttributes(); attr.SetGamma(val, ColorAdjustType.Bitmap); g.DrawImage(srcbitmap, new Rectangle(, , srcbitmap.Width, srcbitmap.Height), , , srcbitmap.Width, srcbitmap.Height, GraphicsUnit.Pixel, attr); g.Dispose(); return b; } catch { return null; } } /// <summary> /// 重新设置图片尺寸 /// </summary> /// <param name="srcbitmap">original Bitmap</param> /// <param name="newW">new width</param> /// <param name="newH">new height</param> /// <returns>worked bitmap</returns> public static Boolean ResizeImage(Bitmap srcimg, int newW, int newH, ref Bitmap destimage) { if (srcimg == null) { return false; } destimage = new Bitmap(newW, newH); Graphics graph = Graphics.FromImage(destimage); Boolean bl = true; try { graph.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic; graph.DrawImage(srcimg, new Rectangle(, , newW, newH), new Rectangle(, , srcimg.Width, srcimg.Height), GraphicsUnit.Pixel); graph.Dispose(); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("ResizeImage error" + ex.Message); bl = false; } return bl; } /// <summary> /// 去除噪点 /// </summary> /// <param name="noisypointsize">噪点的尺寸</param> /// <param name="bitmap">待处理的图片信息</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean RemoveNoisypoint(Int32 noisypointsize, ref Bitmap bitmap) { if (bitmap == null || noisypointsize < || noisypointsize * >= bitmap.Width || noisypointsize * >= bitmap.Height) { return false; } // 创建过滤器 BlobsFiltering blobfilter = new BlobsFiltering(); // 设置过滤条件(对象长、宽至少为70) blobfilter.CoupledSizeFiltering = true; blobfilter.MinWidth = noisypointsize; blobfilter.MinHeight = noisypointsize; blobfilter.ApplyInPlace(bitmap); return true; } /// <summary> /// 把图片里指定区域的内容复制到另一个图片里 /// </summary> /// <param name="srcimg"></param> /// <param name="x"></param> /// <param name="y"></param> /// <param name="width"></param> /// <param name="height"></param> /// <param name="destimg"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean CutImage(Bitmap srcimg, Int32 x, Int32 y, Int32 width, Int32 height, ref Bitmap destimg) { if (srcimg == null || x < || y < || width < || height < || x + width > srcimg.Width || y + height > srcimg.Height) { return false; } destimg = new Bitmap(width, height, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb); Graphics graph = Graphics.FromImage(destimg); graph.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic; graph.DrawImage(srcimg, new Rectangle(, , width, height), new Rectangle(x, y, width, height), GraphicsUnit.Pixel); graph.Dispose(); return true; } #endregion #region 亮度处理 /// <summary> /// 获取指定坐标处的亮度值 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap"></param> /// <param name="x"></param> /// <param name="y"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean GetPixBrightness(Bitmap bitmap, Int32 x, Int32 y, eGrayMode mode, ref Byte brightness) { if (bitmap == null) { return false; } if (x < || x >= bitmap.Width || y < || y >= bitmap.Height) { return false; } Color curColor = bitmap.GetPixel(x, y); //利用公式计算灰度值（加权平均法） if (mode == eGrayMode.ArithmeticAverage) { brightness = (Byte)(curColor.R * 0.299f + curColor.G * 0.587f + curColor.B * 0.114f); } else { brightness = (Byte)((curColor.R + curColor.G + curColor.B) / 3.0f); } return true; } /// <summary> /// 获取指定坐标处的亮度值 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap"></param> /// <param name="x"></param> /// <param name="y"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean GetPixBrightness(Byte[] bribytes, Int32 width,Int32 height, Int32 x, Int32 y, ref Byte brightness) { if (bribytes == null || width < || height < || x < || x >= width || y < || y >= height || bribytes.Length != width * height) { return false; } brightness = bribytes[y * width + x]; return true; } /// <summary> /// 获取指定坐标处的亮度值 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap"></param> /// <param name="x"></param> /// <param name="y"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean GetPixBrightnessByRate(Byte[] bribytes, Int32 width, Int32 height, double xRate, double yRate, ref Byte brightness) { int x = (int)(width * xRate); int y = (int)(height * yRate); if (bribytes == null || width < || height < || x < || x >= width || y < || y >= height || bribytes.Length != width * height) { return false; } brightness = bribytes[y * width + x]; return true; } /// <summary> /// 获取指定坐标处的颜色 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap"></param> /// <param name="x"></param> /// <param name="y"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean GetPixColor(Bitmap bitmap, Int32 x, Int32 y, ref Color curColor) { if (bitmap == null) { return false; } if (x < || x >= bitmap.Width || y < || y >= bitmap.Height) { return false; } curColor = bitmap.GetPixel(x, y); return true; } /// <summary> /// 获取指定坐标处的颜色 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap"></param> /// <param name="x"></param> /// <param name="y"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean GetPixColorByRate(Bitmap bitmap, double xRate, double yRate, ref Color curColor) { if (bitmap == null) { return false; } int width = bitmap.Width; int height = bitmap.Height; int X = (int)(width * xRate); int Y = (int)(height * yRate); Boolean bl = GetPixColor(bitmap, X, Y, ref curColor); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 把颜色转换为亮度值 /// </summary> /// <param name="bitmap"></param> /// <param name="x"></param> /// <param name="y"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean GetBrightnessByColor(Color curColor, eGrayMode mode, ref Byte brightness) { if (curColor == null) { return false; } //利用公式计算灰度值（加权平均法） if (mode == eGrayMode.ArithmeticAverage) { brightness = (Byte)(curColor.R * 0.299f + curColor.G * 0.587f + curColor.B * 0.114f); } else { brightness = (Byte)((curColor.R + curColor.G + curColor.B) / 3.0f); } return true; } #endregion #region 图片比较 /// <summary> /// 根据2个图片的亮度值,比较图片的差异部分 /// </summary> /// <param name="brightnessDiff"></param> /// <param name="compareret"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean CompareImageBrightness(Byte brightnessDiff, Byte[] brightness1, Byte[] brightness2, ref Boolean[] diffPixArray) { if (brightness1 == null || brightness2 == null || brightness1.Length < || brightness2.Length < || brightness1.Length != brightness2.Length) { return false; } Int32 arylen = brightness1.Length; diffPixArray = new Boolean[brightness1.Length]; Byte bri1 = ; Byte bri2 = ; for (Int32 byteidx = ; byteidx < arylen; ++byteidx) { bri1 = brightness1[byteidx]; bri2 = brightness2[byteidx]; //亮度差超过指定范围 if (bri1 >= bri2 + brightnessDiff || bri2 >= bri1 + brightnessDiff) { diffPixArray[byteidx] = true; } } return true; } /// <summary> /// 把2个图片的尺寸设置为一样大 /// </summary> /// <param name="image1"></param> /// <param name="image2"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean ResizeImageToSame(ref Bitmap image1, ref Bitmap image2) { if (image1 == null || image2 == null || image1.Width == || image1.Height == || image2.Width == || image2.Height == ) { return false; } //如果2个图片尺寸不一样,把大的尺寸压缩小了再比较 Boolean bl = false; Bitmap tmpimg = null; if (image1.Width > image2.Width && image1.Height < image2.Height) { return false; } if (image1.Width < image2.Width && image1.Height > image2.Height) { return false; } //image1 比较大,把image2放大到 与1一样大 if (image1.Width > image2.Width && image1.Height > image2.Height) { bl = ResizeImage(image2, image1.Width, image1.Height, ref tmpimg); image2 = tmpimg; } //image 2比较大,把image1放大到 与2一样大 if (image1.Width < image2.Width && image1.Height < image2.Height) { bl = ResizeImage(image1, image2.Width, image2.Height, ref tmpimg); image1 = tmpimg; } return true; } /// <summary> /// 根据2个图片的像素颜色值,比较图片的差异部分 /// </summary> /// <param name="compareparam"></param> /// <param name="compareret"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean CompareImage(ImageCompareParameter compareparam, ref ImageCompareResult compareret) { Bitmap image1 = compareparam.Image1; Bitmap image2 = compareparam.Image2; Int32 briDiff = compareparam.BrightnessDiff; Color diffColor = compareparam.DifferentAreaFillColor; Color samecolor = compareparam.SameAreaFillColor; //是否需要填充相同或不同部分的像素的颜色 Boolean filldiffcolor = (diffColor != Color.Transparent); Boolean fillsamecolor = (samecolor != Color.Transparent); //如果图片尺寸不一样,修改为一样大 Boolean bl = ResizeImageToSame(ref image1, ref image2); if (!bl) { return false; } Bitmap imagediff = (Bitmap)image1.Clone(); //不同区域的左上下右位置 Int32 areaLeft = imagediff.Width; Int32 areaTop = imagediff.Height; Int32 areaRight = -; Int32 areaBottom = -; int width = image1.Width; int height = image1.Height; long allpixcnt = height * width;//所有像素点数量 long diffpixcnt = ;//不同像素点数量 long samepixcnt = ;//相同像素点数量 //3张图片的各像素亮度数组 Int32 briaryidx = ; Byte[] briary1 = new Byte[allpixcnt]; Byte[] briary2 = new Byte[allpixcnt]; Byte[] briaryret = new Byte[allpixcnt]; Byte diffB = diffColor.B; Byte diffG = diffColor.G; Byte diffR = diffColor.R; Byte sameB = samecolor.B; Byte sameG = samecolor.G; Byte sameR = samecolor.R; Byte samebri = ; Byte diffbri = ; GetBrightnessByColor(diffColor, eGrayMode.WeightedAverage, ref samebri); GetBrightnessByColor(diffColor, eGrayMode.WeightedAverage, ref diffbri); try { BitmapData data1 = image1.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); BitmapData data2 = image2.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); BitmapData datadiff = imagediff.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); byte bri1 = ; byte bri2 = ; //每个像素是否相同.1相同,0不同 compareret.PixIsDifferent = new Boolean[width * height]; //当前像素是否不同 Boolean curpixIsdiff = false; unsafe { byte* curpix1 = (byte*)data1.Scan0.ToPointer(); byte* curpix2 = (byte*)data2.Scan0.ToPointer(); byte* curpixdiff = (byte*)datadiff.Scan0.ToPointer(); for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { //利用公式计算灰度值（加权平均法） //按BGR的顺序存储 bri1 = (Byte)(curpix1[] * 0.114f + curpix1[] * 0.587f + curpix1[] * 0.299f); bri2 = (Byte)(curpix2[] * 0.114f + curpix2[] * 0.587f + curpix2[] * 0.299f); //以1作为基准,比较1和2之间的差距,如果超过阀值,认为当前像素有差异 //否则认为当前像素没有差异 curpixIsdiff = false; if (bri1 >= bri2 + briDiff || bri2 >= bri1 + briDiff) { curpixIsdiff = true; } briary1[briaryidx] = bri1; briary2[briaryidx] = bri2; if (curpixIsdiff) //如果有差异,设置图像1里的当前像素为 不同颜色 { if (filldiffcolor) { curpixdiff[] = diffB; curpixdiff[] = diffG; curpixdiff[] = diffR; } ++diffpixcnt; if (x < areaLeft) //记忆最左边的像素位置 { areaLeft = x; } if (x > areaRight) //记忆最右边的像素位置 { areaRight = x; } if (y < areaTop) //记忆最上边的像素位置 { areaTop = y; } if (y > areaBottom) //记忆最下边的像素位置 { areaBottom = y; } //记忆当前像素的比较结果的亮度 briaryret[briaryidx] = diffbri; } else //没有差异,设置结果里的当前像素为 相同颜色 { if (fillsamecolor) { curpixdiff[] = sameB; curpixdiff[] = sameG; curpixdiff[] = sameR; } ++samepixcnt; //记忆当前像素的比较结果的亮度 briaryret[briaryidx] = samebri; } // 比较结果的亮度数组下标 ++briaryidx; //像素是否不同的标志 compareret.PixIsDifferent[y * width + x] = curpixIsdiff; curpix1 += ; curpix2 += ; curpixdiff += ; } curpix1 += data1.Stride - width * ; curpix2 += data1.Stride - width * ; curpixdiff += datadiff.Stride - width * ; } } image1.UnlockBits(data1); image2.UnlockBits(data2); imagediff.UnlockBits(datadiff); compareret.RateDifferent = diffpixcnt / (double)allpixcnt; compareret.RateSame = samepixcnt / (double)allpixcnt; compareret.CompareResultImage = imagediff; compareret.BrightnessDiff = briDiff; compareret.BrightnessBytesImage1 = briary1; compareret.BrightnessBytesImage2 = briary2; compareret.BrightnessBytesResult = briaryret; //保存区域范围 //compareret.DiffAreaTop = areaTop; //compareret.DiffAreaLeft = areaLeft; //compareret.DiffAreaRight = areaRight; //compareret.DiffAreaBottom = areaBottom; //compareret.CalculateAreaRate(); bl = true; } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("CompareImage error:" + ex.Message); bl = false; } return bl; } /// <summary> /// 2张图片亮度值相减,得到新图片以及亮度值 /// </summary> /// <param name="image1"></param> /// <param name="image2"></param> /// <param name="retimage"></param> /// <param name="brightnessary"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean SubtractImageBrightness(Bitmap image1, Bitmap image2, ref Bitmap imagediff, ref Byte[] brightnessary) { if (image1 == null || image2 == null) { return false; } Boolean bl = ResizeImageToSame(ref image1, ref image2); if (!bl) { return false; } int width = image1.Width; int height = image1.Height; long allpixcnt = height * width;//所有像素点数量 brightnessary = new Byte[allpixcnt]; imagediff = new Bitmap(image1); Int32 pixidx = ;//当前像素下标 byte bri1 = ; byte bri2 = ; BitmapData data1 = null; BitmapData data2 = null; BitmapData datadiff = null; //每行末尾还有这么多的冗余字节 Int32 rowredundancy = ; try { data1 = image1.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); data2 = image2.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); datadiff = imagediff.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); rowredundancy = datadiff.Stride - width * ;//每行末尾还有这么多的冗余字节 Byte bridiff = ; unsafe { byte* curpix1 = (byte*)data1.Scan0.ToPointer(); byte* curpix2 = (byte*)data2.Scan0.ToPointer(); byte* cmpretpix = (byte*)datadiff.Scan0.ToPointer(); for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { bri1 = (byte)((float)(curpix1[] + curpix1[] + curpix1[]) / 3.0f); bri2 = (byte)((float)(curpix2[] + curpix2[] + curpix2[]) / 3.0f); bridiff = (bri1 > bri2) ? (Byte)(bri1 - bri2) : (Byte)(bri2 - bri1); //计算当前像素点的亮度值 brightnessary[pixidx] = bridiff;//保存亮度值 ++pixidx; cmpretpix[] = bridiff;//把亮度值设置到结果图像里 cmpretpix[] = bridiff; cmpretpix[] = bridiff; curpix1 += ; curpix2 += ; cmpretpix += ; } curpix1 += rowredundancy; curpix2 += rowredundancy; cmpretpix += rowredundancy; } } image1.UnlockBits(data1); image2.UnlockBits(data2); imagediff.UnlockBits(datadiff); bl = true; } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("CompareImage error:" + ex.Message); bl = false; } return bl; } /// <summary> /// 根据2个图片的亮度值,比较图片的差异部分,并对比较结果的图片执行去噪点处理 /// </summary> /// <param name="image1"></param> /// <param name="image2"></param> /// <param name="bridiff">亮度容差</param> /// <param name="noisypointsize">噪点边长</param> /// <param name="imagediff">比较结果的图片</param> /// <param name="diffary">每个像素是否相同</param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean CompareImageByBrightness(Bitmap image1, Bitmap image2, Int32 briDiff, Int32 noisypointsize, ref Bitmap imagediff, ref Boolean[] diffary) { if (image1 == null || image2 == null) { return false; } Boolean bl = ResizeImageToSame(ref image1, ref image2); if (!bl) { return false; } if (briDiff < || briDiff > ) { return false; } if (noisypointsize < || noisypointsize * > image1.Height) { return false; } int width = image1.Width; int height = image1.Height; long allpixcnt = height * width;//所有像素点数量 imagediff = new Bitmap(image1); //每个像素是否相同.1相同,0不同 diffary = new Boolean[width * height]; Int32 pixidx = ;//当前像素下标 byte bri1 = ; byte bri2 = ; BitmapData data1 = null; BitmapData data2 = null; BitmapData datadiff = null; //每行末尾还有这么多的冗余字节 Int32 rowredundancy = ; try { data1 = image1.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); data2 = image2.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); datadiff = imagediff.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); rowredundancy = datadiff.Stride - width * ;//每行末尾还有这么多的冗余字节 unsafe { byte* curpix1 = (byte*)data1.Scan0.ToPointer(); byte* curpix2 = (byte*)data2.Scan0.ToPointer(); byte* cmpretpix = (byte*)datadiff.Scan0.ToPointer(); for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { bri1 = (byte)((float)(curpix1[] + curpix1[] + curpix1[]) / 3.0f); bri2 = (byte)((float)(curpix2[] + curpix2[] + curpix2[]) / 3.0f); //比较2个像素亮度值之差,如果有差异,设置图像1里的当前像素为 不同颜色 if (bri1 >= bri2 + briDiff || bri2 >= bri1 + briDiff) { diffary[pixidx] = true; cmpretpix[] = Const_WhiteBrightness; cmpretpix[] = Const_WhiteBrightness; cmpretpix[] = Const_WhiteBrightness; } else { diffary[pixidx] = false; cmpretpix[] = Const_BlackBrightness; cmpretpix[] = Const_BlackBrightness; cmpretpix[] = Const_BlackBrightness; } ++pixidx; curpix1 += ; curpix2 += ; cmpretpix += ; } curpix1 += rowredundancy; curpix2 += rowredundancy; cmpretpix += rowredundancy; } } image1.UnlockBits(data1); image2.UnlockBits(data2); imagediff.UnlockBits(datadiff); bl = true; } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("CompareImage error:" + ex.Message); bl = false; } //现在对图像执行去噪点处理 RemoveNoisypoint(noisypointsize, ref imagediff); //获取去除噪点后各像素亮度 Byte pixbri = ;//当前像素亮度 pixidx = ; try { datadiff = imagediff.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); unsafe { byte* cmpretpix = (byte*)datadiff.Scan0.ToPointer(); for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { pixbri = (byte)((float)(cmpretpix[] + cmpretpix[] + cmpretpix[]) / 3.0f); //去除噪点后,已经变得非黑即白.如果是黑色,表示相同,白色,表示不同 diffary[pixidx] = (pixbri > briDiff); ++pixidx; cmpretpix += ; } cmpretpix += rowredundancy; } } imagediff.UnlockBits(datadiff); bl = true; } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("CompareImage error:" + ex.Message); bl = false; } return bl; } /// 根据2个图片的亮度值,比较图片的差异部分 /// </summary> /// <param name="compareparam"></param> /// <param name="compareret"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean CompareImageByBrightness(ImageCompareParameter compareparam, ref ImageCompareResult compareret) { Bitmap image1 = compareparam.Image1; Bitmap image2 = compareparam.Image2; Byte[] imagebri1 = compareparam.BrightnessBytesImage1; Byte[] imagebri2 = compareparam.BrightnessBytesImage2; Int32 briDiff = compareparam.BrightnessDiff; Color diffColor = compareparam.DifferentAreaFillColor; Color samecolor = compareparam.SameAreaFillColor; //是否需要填充相同或不同部分的像素的颜色 Boolean filldiffcolor = (diffColor != Color.Transparent); Boolean fillsamecolor = (samecolor != Color.Transparent); Boolean bl = false; Bitmap imagediff = new Bitmap(image1); //不同区域的左上下右位置 Int32 areaLeft = imagediff.Width; Int32 areaTop = imagediff.Height; Int32 areaRight = -; Int32 areaBottom = -; int width = image1.Width; int height = image1.Height; long allpixcnt = height * width;//所有像素点数量 long diffpixcnt = ;//不同像素点数量 long samepixcnt = ;//相同像素点数量 if (imagebri1 == null || imagebri2 == null || imagebri2.Length != imagebri2.Length || imagebri2.Length != allpixcnt) { return false; } //3张图片的各像素亮度数组 Int32 briaryidx = ; Byte[] briaryret = new Byte[allpixcnt]; Byte diffB = diffColor.B; Byte diffG = diffColor.G; Byte diffR = diffColor.R; Byte sameB = samecolor.B; Byte sameG = samecolor.G; Byte sameR = samecolor.R; Byte samebri = ; Byte diffbri = ; GetBrightnessByColor(diffColor, eGrayMode.WeightedAverage, ref samebri); GetBrightnessByColor(diffColor, eGrayMode.WeightedAverage, ref diffbri); Int32 currowfirstx = ;//当前行的首个像素的下标 try { BitmapData data1 = image1.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); BitmapData data2 = image2.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); BitmapData datadiff = imagediff.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); byte bri1 = ; byte bri2 = ; //每个像素是否相同.1相同,0不同 compareret.PixIsDifferent = new Boolean[width * height]; //当前像素是否不同 Boolean curpixIsdiff = false; unsafe { byte* curpix1 = (byte*)data1.Scan0.ToPointer(); byte* curpix2 = (byte*)data2.Scan0.ToPointer(); byte* cmpretpix = (byte*)datadiff.Scan0.ToPointer(); for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { currowfirstx = y * width; for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { bri1 = imagebri1[currowfirstx + x]; bri2 = imagebri2[currowfirstx + x]; //以1作为基准,比较1和2之间的差距,如果超过阀值,认为当前像素有差异 //否则认为当前像素没有差异 curpixIsdiff = false; if (bri1 >= bri2 + briDiff || bri2 >= bri1 + briDiff) { curpixIsdiff = true; } if (curpixIsdiff) //如果有差异,设置图像1里的当前像素为 不同颜色 { if (filldiffcolor) { cmpretpix[] = diffB; cmpretpix[] = diffG; cmpretpix[] = diffR; } ++diffpixcnt; if (x < areaLeft) //记忆最左边的像素位置 { areaLeft = x; } if (x > areaRight) //记忆最右边的像素位置 { areaRight = x; } if (y < areaTop) //记忆最上边的像素位置 { areaTop = y; } if (y > areaBottom) //记忆最下边的像素位置 { areaBottom = y; } //记忆当前像素的比较结果的亮度 briaryret[briaryidx] = diffbri; } else //没有差异,设置结果里的当前像素为 相同颜色 { if (fillsamecolor) { cmpretpix[] = sameB; cmpretpix[] = sameG; cmpretpix[] = sameR; } ++samepixcnt; //记忆当前像素的比较结果的亮度 briaryret[briaryidx] = samebri; } // 比较结果的亮度数组下标 ++briaryidx; //像素是否不同的标志 compareret.PixIsDifferent[currowfirstx + x] = curpixIsdiff; curpix1 += ; curpix2 += ; cmpretpix += ; } curpix1 += data1.Stride - width * ; curpix2 += data1.Stride - width * ; cmpretpix += datadiff.Stride - width * ; } } image1.UnlockBits(data1); image2.UnlockBits(data2); imagediff.UnlockBits(datadiff); compareret.RateDifferent = diffpixcnt / (double)allpixcnt; compareret.RateSame = samepixcnt / (double)allpixcnt; compareret.CompareResultImage = imagediff; compareret.BrightnessDiff = briDiff; compareret.BrightnessBytesResult = briaryret; bl = true; } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("CompareImage error:" + ex.Message); bl = false; } return bl; } /// <summary> /// 获取一个区域的实际坐标 /// </summary> /// <param name="area"></param> /// <param name="width"></param> /// <param name="height"></param> /// <param name="x1"></param> /// <param name="y1"></param> /// <param name="x2"></param> /// <param name="y2"></param> public static void GetAreaPositionInImage(ImageAreaInfo area, Int32 width, Int32 height, ref Int32 x1, ref Int32 y1, ref Int32 x2, ref Int32 y2) { if (area.PositionType == ePositionType.ByPix) { x1 = (Int32)area.X1; y1 = (Int32)area.Y1; x2 = (Int32)area.X2; y2 = (Int32)area.Y2; } else { x1 = (Int32)(area.X1 * (double)width); y1 = (Int32)(area.Y1 * (double)height); x2 = (Int32)(area.X2 * (double)width); y2 = (Int32)(area.Y2 * (double)height); } } /// <summary> /// 检查指定区域的图像是否与方案里的指定值一样(都是相同或者不同) /// </summary> /// <param name="briDiffary">每个元素对应2张图片的每个像素亮度相同还是不同.true不同,false相同</param> /// <param name="area"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean ValidateImageArea(Boolean[] briDiffary, ImageAreaInfo area, Int32 width, Int32 height) { if (briDiffary == null || briDiffary.Length < || area == null || width < || height < || width * height != briDiffary.Length) { return false; } Int32 x1 = ; Int32 x2 = ; Int32 y1 = ; Int32 y2 = ; //获取该区域在图像里的实际坐标范围 GetAreaPositionInImage(area, width, height, ref x1, ref y1, ref x2, ref y2); //获取该区域里的像素匹配类型 eAreaDifferentType difftype = eAreaDifferentType.Partial; Boolean bl = GetImageAreaDifferentType(briDiffary, width, height, x1, y1, x2, y2, ref difftype); if (!bl) { return false; } //如果是期待所有像素都是相同,要求必须每个像素都相同.任何一个不同,就认为失败 if (area.ExpectDispMode == eDrawType.ExpectHide && difftype != eAreaDifferentType.AllSame) { return false; } //如果是期待像素不同,只要有1个像素不同就可以.所有像素都相同,认为失败 if (area.ExpectDispMode == eDrawType.ExpectShow && difftype == eAreaDifferentType.AllSame) { return false; } return true; } /// <summary> /// 检查指定区域的图像是否与方案里的指定值一样(都是相同或者不同) /// </summary> /// <param name="pixDiffary"></param> /// <param name="area"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean ValidateImageArea(Byte[] briDiffary, ImageAreaInfo area, Int32 width, Int32 height) { Boolean[] blary = new Boolean[briDiffary.Length]; for (Int32 idx = ; idx < briDiffary.Length; ++idx) { blary[idx] = (briDiffary[idx] > ); } Boolean bl = ValidateImageArea(blary, area, width, height); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 检查图片的比较结果里，某个区域是否与期待的一致 /// </summary> /// <param name="compareret"></param> /// <param name="area"></param> /// <returns>true-与期待一致;false-不一致</returns> public static Boolean ValidateImageArea(ImageCompareResult compareret, ImageAreaInfo area) { Boolean[] pixDiffary = compareret.PixIsDifferent; Bitmap tmp = new Bitmap(compareret.CompareResultImage); Int32 width = tmp.Width; Int32 height = tmp.Height; Boolean bl = ValidateImageArea(compareret.PixIsDifferent, area, width, height); return bl; } /// <summary> /// 获取1个 比较结果里,指定的区域范围,是全都相同,还是不同 /// 只有所有像素都是相同,才认为是整个区域相同 /// 如果有1个像素不同,则认为整个区域不同 /// </summary> /// <param name="pixDiffary"></param> /// <param name="width"></param> /// <param name="height"></param> /// <param name="startX"></param> /// <param name="startY"></param> /// <param name="endX"></param> /// <param name="endY"></param> /// <returns> </returns> public static Boolean GetImageAreaDifferentType(Boolean[] pixDiffary, Int32 width, Int32 height, Int32 x1, Int32 y1, Int32 x2, Int32 y2, ref eAreaDifferentType difftype) { Int32 areawidth = x2 - x1; Int32 areaheight = y2 - y1; if (pixDiffary == null || width < || height < || areawidth < || areaheight < || width < areawidth || height < areaheight || pixDiffary.Length < width * height) { return false; } Boolean allissame = false; //假设所有像素相同 Boolean allisdiff = false; //假设所有像素不同 Int32 currowFirstPix = ; for (Int32 y = y1; y <= y2; ++y) { currowFirstPix = y * width; for (Int32 x = x1; x <= x2; ++x) { if (pixDiffary[currowFirstPix + x]) //当前像素点不同 { allisdiff = true; } else//当前像素相同 { allissame = true; } //如果已经有部分相同部分不同,退出 if (allisdiff && allissame) { difftype = eAreaDifferentType.Partial; return true; } } } //现在，所有像素都相同，或都不同 if (allisdiff) { difftype = eAreaDifferentType.AllDifferent; } else { difftype = eAreaDifferentType.AllSame; } return true; } /// <summary> /// 根据亮度容差,把图片转换为非黑即白的图片 /// </summary> /// <param name="briimg"></param> /// <param name="brigate"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Boolean GetBlackWhiteImage(Bitmap briimg, Byte[] briDiffary, Int32 brigate, ref Bitmap blackwhiteimage) { if (briimg == null) { return false; } int width = briimg.Width; int height = briimg.Height; long allpixcnt = height * width;//所有像素点数量 if (briDiffary == null || briDiffary.Length != allpixcnt) { return false; } blackwhiteimage = new Bitmap(briimg); Int32 pixidx = ;//当前像素下标 BitmapData datasrc = null; BitmapData dataret = null; //每行末尾还有这么多的冗余字节 Int32 rowredundancy = ; Byte curpixBri = ;//当前的亮度 try { datasrc = briimg.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); dataret = blackwhiteimage.LockBits(new Rectangle(, , width, height), ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb); rowredundancy = datasrc.Stride - width * ;//每行末尾还有这么多的冗余字节 unsafe { byte* pixret = (byte*)dataret.Scan0.ToPointer(); for (int y = ; y < height; y++) { for (int x = ; x < width; x++) { //亮度差值大于门限的,认为是不同部分,用白色填充 curpixBri = (briDiffary[pixidx] > brigate) ? Const_BrightnessWhite : Const_BrightnessBlack; pixret[] = curpixBri;//把亮度值设置到结果图像里 pixret[] = curpixBri; pixret[] = curpixBri; ++pixidx; pixret += ; } pixret += rowredundancy; } } briimg.UnlockBits(datasrc); blackwhiteimage.UnlockBits(dataret); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("GetBlackWhiteImage error:" + ex.Message); return false; } return true; } #endregion #region 内部实现 /// <summary> /// 比较2个数值之间的差是否大于指定值 /// </summary> /// <param name="val1"></param> /// <param name="val2"></param> /// <param name="diff"></param> /// <returns>超过指定值返回true;否则返回false</returns> private static Boolean CheckDiffOver(Int32 val1, Int32 val2, Int32 diff) { if (diff < ) { return false; } if (val1 > val2 && val1 > val2 + diff) { return true; } if (val2 > val1 && val2 > val1 + diff) { return true; } return false; } #endregion } }
最新文章
- sh2.sed脚本练习
- 黑科技：gif二维码
- SharePoint 2013 图文开发系列之自定义字段
- mysql免安装版本
- 36、重新复习html和css之二
- 获取 IP 地址
- 【转载】C++中public,protected,private访问
- 改变对update的做法
- nagios监控linux设置
- BZOJ3132: 上帝造题的七分钟
- .net mvc笔记2_Essential C# Features
- Java 自定义日志写入
- 整理 W3CSchool 常用的CSS属性列表
- 数字图像处理(MATLAB版)学习笔记(2)——第2章 灰度变换与空间滤波
- Struts 2 标签库
- 回顾：前端模块化和AMD、CMD规范（全）
- 让我们了解 Ceph 分布式存储
- Python Pandas read_csv报错
- vscode使用集
- WPF触控方面的技术点
热门文章
- sublime text3配置node.js开发环境
- Spring常见问题-通配符的匹配很全面, 但无法找到元素 'aop:aspectj-autoproxy' 的声明
- rplidar & hector slam without odometry
- win10本地搭建apache+php+mysql运行环境
- Ubuntu16.04安装vim插件YouCompleteMe
- 基于Java Mina框架的部标808服务器设计和开发
- linux-----------centos上搭建了lnmp环境，项目也上传上去了，刚开始没事，后来重启了以后就不行了。
- 在IE下，如果在readonly的input里面键入backspace键，会触发history.back()
- c++的引用
- spring boot 添加jsp支持注意事项